Centos7 安装11.2.0.4

Posted 2021-06-23 阿西吧li

Oracle11.2.0.4

安装部署文档

（V1.0）

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. 环境安装规划

   1.1系统分区规划

   分区名称	文件系统类型	分区大小
   swap	swap	官方建议： 物理内存2-16G，swap等于内存大小 物理内存大于16G，swap为16G
   /boot	xfs	1G
   /	xfs	剩余空间
   /u01(额外磁盘)	xfs	50G
   /oradata(额外磁盘)	xfs	按需分配

   1.2数据库内存规划

   建议SGA+PGA占整个节点物理内存的65%，其中，建议SGA大小容量为PGA的3倍，

   具体设置请参考实际业务。若实际配置内存容量大小为32GB，则建议规划

   的SGA和PGA分别如下：

   l SGA大小：32 GB * 65% * 75% = 15.6 GB

   l PGA大小：32 GB * 65% * 25% = 5.2 GB

   1.3数据库用户规划

   用户名	用户ID	用户组	用户组id	用户密码
   oracle	1000	oinstall	1005	自定义
   		dba	1006

   1.4环境变量规划

   用户	环境变量	路径
   oracle	ORACLE_BASE	/u01/app/oracle
   oracle	ORACLE_HOME	$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db
   oracle	ORACLE_SID	用户按需求自定义

2. 操作系统安装及环境配置

   2.1操作系统安装

   

   

   Contiune

   

   配置系统

   

   选择时区：shanghai

   

   Software选择server with gui

   

   磁盘分区配置

   

   分区规划

   

   配置主机名

   

   配置网络

   

   开始安装

   2.2环境配置

   2.2.1安装rpm包

   1挂载ISO

   mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

   mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

    

   2配置yum源

   cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

   vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

   [yum]

   name=yum

   baseurl=file:///mnt

   enabled=1

   gpgcheck=0

    

   3安装相关rpm包

   for PACKAGE in lftp binutils compat-gcc-* compat-gcc-*-c++ compat-libstdc++-* \\

   control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common libstdc++ libstdc++-devel \\

   make pdksh openmotif setarch sysstat glibc-devel libgcc libaio compat-db \\

   libXtst libXp libXp.i686 libXt.i686 libXtst.i686 unixODBC unixODBC-devel \\

   elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf glibc-headers libaio-devel numactl-devel \\

   libaio.i686 libaio-devel.i686 compat-libstdc++-*.i686 libgcc.i686 unixODBC.i686 \\

   unixODBC-devel.i686 libstdc++.i686 lrzsz screen ;

   do

   yum -y install $PACKAGE

   done

   2.2.2配置host

   vi /etc/hosts

   127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

   ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

   10.180.186.30 dbrecover

   2.2.3关闭防火墙及selinux

   关闭防火墙

   systemctl stop firewalld

   systemctl disable firewalld

   关闭selinux

   sed -i \'s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g\' /etc/selinux/config

   setenforce 0

   2.2.4创建用户及用户组

   /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1005 oinstall

   /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1006 dba

   /usr/sbin/useradd -u 1000 -g oinstall -G dba oracle

   2.2.5配置用户环境变量

   su - oracle

   vi .bash_profile

   export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

   export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db

   export ORACLE_SID=center

   export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH

   export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

   2.2.6修改系统参数

   1 配置/etc/security/limits.conf

   vi /etc/security/limits.conf

   oracle soft nproc 65536

   oracle hard nproc 65536

   oracle soft nofile 65536

   oracle hard nofile 65536

   oracle soft stack 65536

   oracle soft memlock 1425011166

   oracle hard memlock 1425011166

    

   2配置/etc/sysctl.conf

   kernel.shmmax参数：需要根据实际物理内存计算，此处按节点物理内存32GB计算；建议

   kernel.shmmax参数取值为节点物理内存的70%，单位为字节，即

   32*70%*1024*1024*1024=24051816857.6（向上取整为24051816858）。

   kernel.shmall参数：根据SGA/PAGE_SIZE计算。

   kernel.sem参数：如果客户单个数据库需要支持的process数超过1500，请按照实际情况配置

   vi /etc/sysctl.conf

   kernel.shmall = 5872026

   kernel.shmmax = 24051816858

   kernel.shmmni = 4096

   kernel.sem = 1500 1536000 100 128

   fs.file-max = 6815744

   fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728

   net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

   net.ipv4.ipfrag_high_thresh = 16777216

   net.ipv4.ipfrag_low_thresh = 15728640

   net.core.rmem_default = 262144

   net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

   net.core.wmem_default = 262144

   net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

   vm.min_free_kbytes= 1048576

    

   使系统参数生效

   sysctl -p

   2.2.7创建Oracle目录

   mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

   chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

   Chmod -R 755 /u01

   mkdir -p /oradata

   chown oracle:oinstall /oradata

   Chmod 755 /oradata

   归档路径：

   mkdir -p /oradata/arch

   chown oracle:oinstall /oradata/arch

3. Oracle软件安装

   3.1上传oracle安装包

   [root@dbrecover software]# ls -lh p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_*

   -rw-r--r--. 1 505 505 1.3G Jun 8 16:25 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

   -rw-r--r--. 1 505 505 1.1G Jun 8 16:25 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

   解压

   unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

   unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

   3.2安装oracle软件

   Centos7安装oracle指定jdk1.7 jre目录（不然图形界面会有问题）

   cd /u01/software/database

   ./runInstaller -jreLoc /u01/jdk1.7.0_80/jre

    

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   Pdksh rpm包可忽略

   

   

   Centos7 会出现该问题

   修改$ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk

   将$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)修改为：$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11

    

   

    

   点击retry，继续安装。

    

   

   Root用户下执行脚本：

   /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/root.sh

4. oracle补丁集安装

   4.1官网查询最新psu补丁集及OPATCH补丁工具

   meatalink号:1454618.1

   

   下载psu 31537677后，查看readme文件要求opatch工具版本大于 11.2.0.3.23；

   下载最新opatch工具

   

   4.2上传文件及安装opatch

   

   解压p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip

   unzip p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip

    

   替换原Opatch目录

   [oracle@dbrecover software]$ mv /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/OPatch /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/OPatchbak

   [oracle@dbrecover software]$ mv OPatch/ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/

    

   查看opatch版本

   [oracle@dbrecover software]$ opatch version

   OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.29

    

   OPatch succeeded.

   4.3安装psu

   解压psu

   unzip p31537677_112040_Linux-x86-64_db.zip

    

   psu安装冲突检测

   cd 31537677

   [oracle@dbrecover 31537677]$ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./

    

   日志如下：

   Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.29

   Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

    

   PREREQ session

    

   Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db

   Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory

   from : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/oraInst.loc

   OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.29

   OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0

   Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2021-06-16_11-16-42AM_1.log

    

   Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

    

   Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

    

   OPatch succeeded.

    

   psu安装

    

   cd 31537677

   [oracle@dbrecover 31537677]$ opatch apply

    

   日志如下：

   Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.29

   Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

    

    

   Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db

   Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory

   from : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/oraInst.loc

   OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.29

   OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0

   Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2021-06-16_11-18-22AM_1.log

    

   Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...

    

   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Start OOP by Prereq process.

   Launch OOP...

    

   Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.29

   Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

    

    

   Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db

   Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory

   from : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/oraInst.loc

   OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.29

   OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0

   Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2021-06-16_11-18-41AM_1.log

    

   Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...

   OPatch continues with these patches: 17478514 18031668 18522509 19121551 19769489 20299013 20760982 21352635 21948347 22502456 23054359 24006111 24732075 25869727 26609445 26392168 26925576 27338049 27734982 28204707 28729262 29141056 29497421 29913194 30298532 30670774 31103343 31537677

    

   Do you want to proceed? [y|n]

   y

   User Responded with: Y

   All checks passed.

    

   Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.

   (Oracle Home = \'/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db\')

    

    

   Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]

   y

   User Responded with: Y

   Backing up files...

   Applying sub-patch \'17478514\' to OH \'/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db\'

   

    

    

5. 数据库创建

   5.1创建数据库

   oracle用户下执行dbca：

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

    

    

   

   

   修改操作系统shm大小

   编辑vi /etc/fstab

   tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=3072M 0 0

   

   

   

   调整redo大小，调整为500M（默认为50M）

   

   

   安装完成

   5.2创建监听

   Oracle用户下，执行netca

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   全部默认即可。

6. Networker备份数据库

   6.1配置host文件

   cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF

   ###备份###

   10.180.188.2 networker

   10.180.188.15 dd2200

   EOF

   6.2安装Networker客户端

   

   nmda18201_linux_x86_64.tar.gz (linux 下面各种数据库模块oracle,db2,mysql…)

   nw18201_linux_x86_64.tar.gz (linux下面备份软件)

   解压后，rpm安装

   

   

   启动networker客户端

   [root@dbrecover linux_x86_64]# systemctl start networker

    

   安装oracle数据库模块

   [root@dbrecover networker]# yum -y install ksh

    

   

    

   

   6.3配置networker

   

   

   name为主机名

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   默认

   

   

   

   自己编辑备份脚本：

   CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 3;

   CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

   RUN {

   ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH1 TYPE \'SBT_TAPE\';

   ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH2 TYPE \'SBT_TAPE\';

   ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH3 TYPE \'SBT_TAPE\';

   ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH4 TYPE \'SBT_TAPE\';

   SEND DEVICE TYPE \'SBT_TAPE\' \'NSR_ENV=(NSR_COMPRESSION=true)\';

   backup as compressed backupset section size 10g database

   format \'full_%d_%T_%s_%p_%U\'

   plus archivelog

   format \'arch_%d_%T_%s_%p\'

   delete all input;

   backup current controlfile format \'ctl_%d_%T_%s_%p\';

   backup spfile format \'spfile_%d_%T_%s_%p\';

    

   RELEASE CHANNEL CH1;

   RELEASE CHANNEL CH2;

   RELEASE CHANNEL CH3;

   RELEASE CHANNEL CH4;

   }

    

   run{

   allocate channel CH1 type \'SBT_TAPE\';

   crosscheck backup;

   crosscheck archivelog all;

   delete noprompt archivelog until time \'sysdate-7\';

   delete noprompt obsolete;

   delete noprompt expired backup;

   release channel CH1;

   }

   

   

   配置group及备份策略

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   默认即可

   

   后续全部默认即可。

    

   Networker（10.180.188.2）服务端添加权限：

   

    

   备份测试：

   

   

   备份成功。