python Redis操作excel操作网络请求异常处理发送邮件发送钉钉消息等
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Redis操作：
#连接： 11111111
#端口： 3306 #密码： 11111111&*
# 服务器连接命令： redis-cli -a password -h ip -p 6379 # redis-cli -a password -h 118.24.3.40 -p 6379 import redis # db=4 数据库4,decode_responses=True 拿到结果自动转字符串 r = redis.Redis(host="11111111",password="11111111&*",port=6379,db=4,decode_responses=True)
# 字符串操作------------------------------------------ # key不能重复，重复就会覆盖 # 60：失效秒数，不传保存永久 # r.set("key_ljq","lllllll",60) # # r.set("key_ljq","lllllll") # print(r.get("key_ljq")) # # r.delete("key_ljq") #删除key # 基本操作---------------------------------------------- # 查看key失效时间, ttl是 -1 的话永久生效 # print(r.ttl("key_ljq")) # # 获取数据库所有的key # print(r.keys("key_ljq")) # # 获取数据库的key，加条件 _ 匹配 # print(r.keys("*_*")) # # 返回0代表不存在，返回1 代表存在 # print(r.exists("key_ljq")) # # 查看key的类型 # print(r.type("key_ljq")) # # 设置key的失效时间 # r.expire("key_ljq",60) #hash类型 大字典 ---------------------------------------------- r.hset=("students","xiaohei",\'{"id":1,"score":99}\') d = {"aa":1,"bb":2} r.hmget("students",d)#字典批量写入 # print(r.hget("students","xiaohei"))#获取指定的小key # r.hgetall("students")#获取大key所有的数据 # r.hdel("students","xiaohei")#删除指定小key # r.delete("students")#删除大key所有的数据 # r.hexists("students","xiaohei")#判断里面的小key是否存在 # xb_info = r.hget("students","xiaohei")#获取指定的小key # print(xb_info.decode())#转字典 # ret = {b\'xiaohei\': b\'{"id":1,"score":99}\', b\'xiaobai\': b\'{"id":5,"score":99}\', b\'xiaohei1\': b\'{"id":1,"souce":99}\', b\'xiaobai1\': b\'{"id":1,"souce":99}\', b\'lxp2\': b\'{"id":2,"score":80}\', b\'xiaobao\': b\'{"id":5,"score":99}\', b\'lixuesong\': b\'{"id":1,"class":4}\'} #转字典 # ret = r.hgetall("students")#获取大key所有的数据 # new_ret = {} # for k,v in ret.items(): # k = k.ddecode() # v = v.ddecode() # new_ret[k] = v # print(new_ret) #list-------------------------------------------- list1 = [1,23,3] r.lpush("ljq",*list1)#解包list1 r.lpush("ljq","111","222")#左边添加 从前往后加 key:"ljq", values:"111","222" r.rpush("ljq","111")#右边添加，---从后往前加 print(r.lrange("ljq",0,1))#取值，下标取值，顾头顾尾 r.lpop("ljq")#从左边删除 r.rpop("ljq")#从右边删除 r.lset("ljq",0,"2222")#指定位置 下标0 修改值 print(r.llen("ljq"))#取list长度 print(r.ltrim("ljq",0,1))#除去你指定的范围 下标0到1，其他都删除 print(r.lrem("ljq",2,"2222"))#删除指定的元素, 2 ：指定删除2次 # 清空数据库 # r.flushdb()#清空当前数据库 # r.flushall()#清空所有数据库
import redis # select 11 查询数据库11 # fflushdb 清除数据库 11 的数据 # db=4 数据库4,decode_responses=True 拿到结果自动转字符串 r = redis.Redis(host="1111111",password="111111",port=6379,db=4,decode_responses=True) r2 = redis.Redis(host="1111111",password="111111&*",port=6379,db=11,decode_responses=True)
for k in r.keys(): k_type = r.type(k) if k_type == "string": value = r.get(k) r2.set(k,value) elif k_type == "hash": dic = r.hgetall(k) r2.hmset(k,dic) elif k_type == "list": l_len = r.llen(k) result = r.lrange(k,0,l_len) r2.rpush(k,*result) # for k in r.keys(): # k_type = r.type(k) # if k_type == "string": # value = r.get(k) # r2.set(k,value) # elif k_type == "hash": # dic = r.hgetall(k) # r2.hmset(k,dic) # elif k_type == "list": # l_len = r.llen(k) # result = r.lrange(k,0,l_len) # r2.rpush(k,*result)
excel操作：
import xlrd # book = xlrd.open_workbook("test.xls") # # sheet = book.sheet_by_name("sheet1") # sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0) # # book.sheets()#获取所有sheet页 # print(sheet.cell(0,0).value)#获取某个单元格的内容 # print(sheet.row_values(0))#获取整行的内容 # print(sheet.col_values(0))#获取整列的内容 # print(sheet.nrows)#总共多少行 # print(sheet.ncols)#总共多少列 import xlwt book = xlwt.Workbook() xlwt.Workbook() sheet = book.add_sheet("sheet1") for i in range(65535): sheet.write(i,0,i) book.save("a.xlsx")
import xlrd from xlutils import copy book = xlrd.open_workbook("test.xls") new_book = copy.copy(book) sheet = new_book.get_sheet(0) # print(dir(sheet))#查看所有函数 sheet.write(0,0,"编号") new_book.save("test.xls")
import openpyxl # openpyxl 文件必须是xlsx的excel book = openpyxl.load_workbook("test.xlsx") sheet = book["sheet1"] print(book.sheetnames)#所有sheet页 #取出每行数据 # for row in sheet.rows: # print(row) # for col in row: # print(col.value) #取出每行数据放list里 # for row in sheet.rows: # row_data = [col.value for col in row] # print(row_data) print(sheet.rows)#所有行 print(sheet.max_row)#多少行 print(sheet.max_column)#多少列 print(sheet.cell(1,1).value)#获取 从1开始 sheet.cell(1,1).value = "id"#获取第一行第一列 表格数据改为 id # print(dir(sheet)) # 修改------------------------------------------------------------- print(sheet["A1"].value) sheet["A1"] = "id" book.save("test.xlsx")
网络请求：
from urllib.request import urlopen from urllib.parse import urlencode,urljoin,quote_plus,unquote_plus,quote,unquote host = "https://gitee.com/" url = urljoin(host,"li-jiaqiang1")#拼接链接 data = {"id":1} # print(urlencode(data))#把字典转 键等于值 # req = urlopen(url,urlencode(data).encode())#post请求 req = urlopen(url+"?"+urlencode(data))#get请求 print(req.read().decode()) # quote_plus,quote：编码 unquote_plus,unquote：解码 host = "https://gitee.com/?stu=\'系哦啊黑\'" print(quote_plus(host))#编码 host = "http://api.nnzhp.cn/api/user/stu_info?stu_name=%E5%B0%8F%E9%BB%91" print(unquote_plus(host))#解码
import requests #get请求 # url = "http://api.nnzhp.cn/api/user/stu_info" # data = {"stu_name":"小"} # req = requests.get(url,data) # ---------------------------------------------------------------- #post请求 # url = "http://api.nnzhp.cn/api/user/login" # data = {"username":"niuhanyang","passwd":"aA123456"} # data2 = {"version":1} # # req = requests.post(url,data) # # # params 参数放在URL里 # # data 参数放在body里 # req = requests.post(url,params = data2,data = data) # print(req.url)#查看请求发出去的URL # ---------------------------------------------------------------- # url = "http://api.nnzhp.cn/api/user/add_stu" # data = { # "grade": "飞马座", # "phone": "22345678992", # "name":"哈哈哈哈" # } # req = requests.post(url,json=data) # ---------------------------------------------------------------- # url = "https://qun.qq.com/cgi-bin/qun_mgr/search_group_members" # data = { # "gc": 180208520, # "st": "21", # "end": "41", # "sort": 0, # "bkn": "1391997515" # } # cookie = {\'RK\': \'XYYhgDpPfy\', \'ptcz\': \'a5b23b4f93bc2f304119957286b77b21be95814358d482ef0a2bf216733e57ba\', \'pgv_pvid\': \'5931324545\', \'uin\': \'o0511402865\', \'skey\': \'@HHempil2m\', \'p_uin\': \'o0511402865\', \'pt4_token\': \'tkeLBl-znMjpBJxIv1Chj*kLx7p0dsh4BkZfF39cpDk_\', \'p_skey\': \'OS7gS9Zw8*r*aIpqd5-S5BUo65EJMNWRkLLMO1Vpu5o_\', \'traceid\': \'5b35fe5632\'} # req = requests.post(url,data,cookies=cookie) # ---------------------------------------------------------------- # url = "https://qun.qq.com/cgi-bin/qun_mgr/search_group_members" # data = { # "gc": 180208520, # "st": "21", # "end": "41", # "sort": 0, # "bkn": "1391997515" # } # header = {\'cookie\': \'RK=XYYhgDpPfy; ptcz=a5b23b4f93bc2f304119957286b77b21be95814358d482ef0a2bf216733e57ba; pgv_pvid=5931324545; uin=o0511402865; skey=@HHempil2m; p_uin=o0511402865; pt4_token=tkeLBl-znMjpBJxIv1Chj*kLx7p0dsh4BkZfF39cpDk_; p_skey=OS7gS9Zw8*r*aIpqd5-S5BUo65EJMNWRkLLMO1Vpu5o_; traceid=5b35fe5632\'} # req = requests.post(url,data,headers=header) # 上传文件---------------------------------------------------------------- # # 接口文档： https://www.showdoc.com.cn/1333080850263964?page_id=6626741024413881 # url = "http://api.nnzhp.cn/api/file/file_upload" # data = {"file":open("a.xls",\'rb\')} # req = requests.post(url,files=data) # 下载文件---------------------------------------------------------------- url = "http://aliimg.changba.com/cache/photo/941190975_200_200.jpg" req = requests.get(url,verify=False) with open("a.jpg","wb") as fw: fw.write(req.content) # print(req.json())#返回字典，如果接口返回的不是json会报错 # print(req.text)#返回字符串 # print(req.content)#返回bytes # print(req.cookies)#返回状态吗 # print(req.headers)#返回headers
import requests,xlwt,random # 抓取所有的qq好友信息，每一个分组的好友写到一个sheet页里面 url = "https://qun.qq.com/cgi-bin/qun_mgr/get_friend_list" data = {"bkn": "777503858"} header = {"cookie":"_qpsvr_localtk=0.9495471953715655; uin=o0260303838; skey=@5il0ji5ch; RK=8YqtXKQ+R8; ptcz=74f5842468a029b8831974abf25c8e5ef46df2fa6a9a1ab325414634d44b5e28; p_uin=o0260303838; pt4_token=jHZFIlAC7pGSQrxBuz4po4WghX5g5TEgZGwO3p*nWlE_; p_skey=uHGnQA7535*L0hDHRSekFdPgLtSOOTlq-p9-P7rAFF8_; traceid=80d1189f41"} req = requests.post(url,data,headers=header) print(req.json()) result = req.json().get("result") book = xlwt.Workbook() for index,g_info in result.items(): g_mems = g_info.get("mems") #list g_name = g_info.get("gname") if g_info.get("gname") else "默认分组" print("当前取的分组是===================",g_name) try: sheet = book.add_sheet(g_name) except Exception as e: sheet_name = "好友分组_%s" % random.randint(1, 1000) print("sheet页名字不合法，重新命名 : %s" % sheet_name) sheet = book.add_sheet(sheet_name) for col, mem in enumerate(g_mems): nick = mem.get("name") qq = mem.get("uin") sheet.write(col, 0, nick) sheet.write(col, 1, qq) # print("%s => %s" % (nick,qq)) book.save("qq.xls")
异常处理：
import traceback l = [1,3,4] # print(l[4]) d = {"name":1} try: name = d["name"] l[4] # except KeyError as e: # print(e) # print("出现异常了") # except IndexError as e: # print(e) # print("出现下标异常了") except Exception as e: # traceback.print_exc() print("出异常了") msg = traceback.format_exc() print(msg) else: print("没有异常") finally: print("finally：不管出不出异常都往下走") #判断小数 def is_float(s): try: float(s) except: return False return True """ BaseException # 所有异常的基类 SystemExit # 解释器请求退出 KeyboardInterrupt # 用户中断执行(通常是输入^C) Exception # 常规错误的基类 StopIteration # 迭代器没有更多的值 GeneratorExit #生成器(generator)发生异常来通知退出 StandardError # 所有的内建标准异常的基类 ArithmeticError # 所有数值计算错误的基类 FloatingPointError # 浮点计算错误 OverflowError #数值运算超出最大限制 ZeroDivisionError # 除(或取模)零 (所有数据类型) AssertionError #断言语句失败 AttributeError # 对象没有这个属性 EOFError #没有内建输入,到达EOF 标记 EnvironmentError # 操作系统错误的基类 IOError #输入/输出操作失败 OSError #操作系统错误 WindowsError #系统调用失败 ImportError # 导入模块/对象失败 LookupError #无效数据查询的基类 IndexError # 序列中没有此索引(index) KeyError #映射中没有这个键 MemoryError # 内存溢出错误(对于Python 解释器不是致命的) NameError # 未声明/初始化对象 (没有属性) UnboundLocalError # 访问未初始化的本地变量 ReferenceError # 弱引用(Weak reference)试图访问已经垃圾回收了的对象 RuntimeError # 一般的运行时错误 NotImplementedError # 尚未实现的方法 SyntaxError # Python 语法错误 IndentationError # 缩进错误 TabError # Tab 和空格混用 SystemError # 一般的解释器系统错误 TypeError #对类型无效的操作 ValueError # 传入无效的参数 UnicodeError # Unicode 相关的错误 UnicodeDecodeError #Unicode 解码时的错误 UnicodeEncodeError #Unicode 编码时错误 UnicodeTranslateError #Unicode 转换时错误 Warning #警告的基类 DeprecationWarning #关于被弃用的特征的警告 FutureWarning # 关于构造将来语义会有改变的警告 OverflowWarning # 旧的关于自动提升为长整型(long)的警告 PendingDeprecationWarning #关于特性将会被废弃的警告 RuntimeWarning #可疑的运行时行为(runtime behavior)的警告 SyntaxWarning # 可疑的语法的警告 UserWarning #用户代码生成的警告 """
发送邮件：
import yamail # # import yagmail #附件是中文名，显示乱码 # # 授权码 ： hcapwu # # username = "511465@qq.com" # password = "hcaphhcia" # host = "smtp.qq.com" # # host = "smtp.163.com" # # host = "smtp.126.com" # smtp = yamail.SMTP(host=host,user=username,password=password) # # smtp.send(to="260303838@qq.com") # smtp.send(to=["260303838@qq.com","126120511@qq.com"], # cc=["26030388@qq.com","12612511@qq.com"], # subject="课后好好学习", # contents="haoahochifan", # attachments=["reg.py","tools.py"]) username = "5165@qq.com" password = "hcahcaia" host = "smtp.qq.com" #qq # host = "smtp.163.com" #163 # host = "smtp.126.com" #qq smtp = yamail.SMTP(host=host,user=username,password=password) # smtp.send(to="1018934314@qq.com") smtp.send( to=["260303838@qq.com","1054114694@qq.com"], cc=["1490768397@qq.com","1164019076@qq.com"], subject="课后好好学习", contents="下课之后先吃饭，吃完饭明天好好学习。", attachments=["reg.py","tools.py"] )
发送钉钉消息：
# import requests # url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=1111111111111111111" ## 密钥： 11111111111111111111 # data = { # "msgtype": "text", # "text": { # "content": "fmz,xiakele" # }, # "at":{ # "atMobiles":["13951813583"], # "isAtAll":"True" #@ True：@所有人 False：@一个人 # } # } # r = requests.post(url,json=data) # print(r.json()) import requests url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send" import time import hmac import hashlib import base64 import urllib.parse def get_dd_sign(): timestamp = str(round(time.time() * 1000)) secret = \'11111111111111111111111111111\' secret_enc = secret.encode(\'utf-8\') string_to_sign = \'{}\\n{}\'.format(timestamp, secret) string_to_sign_enc = string_to_sign.encode(\'utf-8\') hmac_code = hmac.new(secret_enc, string_to_sign_enc, digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest() sign = urllib.parse.quote_plus(base64.b64encode(hmac_code)) return timestamp,sign def send_dd_msg(msg,at=None,at_all=False): data = { "msgtype": "text", "text": { "content": msg }, "at": { "atMobiles": at, "isAtAll": at_all } } timestamp,sign = get_dd_sign() params = { "access_token":"access_token11111111111111111111", "timestamp":timestamp, "sign":sign } try: r = requests.post(url,json=data,params=params) except: print("滴滴消息没有发送成功") else: if r.json().get("errcode")==0: return True
l = [1,3,4]# print(l[4])d = {"name":1}try: name = d["name"] l[4]# except KeyError as e:# print(e)# print("出现异常了")# except IndexError as e:# print(e)# print("出现下标异常了")except Exception as e: # traceback.print_exc() print("出异常了") msg = traceback.format_exc() print(msg)
else: print("没有异常")finally: print("finally：不管出不出异常都往下走")
#判断小数def is_float(s): try: float(s) except: return False return True
"""BaseException # 所有异常的基类SystemExit # 解释器请求退出KeyboardInterrupt # 用户中断执行(通常是输入^C)Exception # 常规错误的基类StopIteration # 迭代器没有更多的值GeneratorExit #生成器(generator)发生异常来通知退出StandardError # 所有的内建标准异常的基类ArithmeticError # 所有数值计算错误的基类FloatingPointError # 浮点计算错误OverflowError #数值运算超出最大限制ZeroDivisionError # 除(或取模)零 (所有数据类型)AssertionError #断言语句失败AttributeError # 对象没有这个属性EOFError #没有内建输入,到达EOF 标记EnvironmentError # 操作系统错误的基类IOError #输入/输出操作失败OSError #操作系统错误WindowsError #系统调用失败ImportError # 导入模块/对象失败LookupError #无效数据查询的基类IndexError # 序列中没有此索引(index)KeyError #映射中没有这个键MemoryError # 内存溢出错误(对于Python 解释器不是致命的)NameError # 未声明/初始化对象 (没有属性)UnboundLocalError # 访问未初始化的本地变量ReferenceError # 弱引用(Weak reference)试图访问已经垃圾回收了的对象RuntimeError # 一般的运行时错误NotImplementedError # 尚未实现的方法SyntaxError # Python 语法错误IndentationError # 缩进错误TabError # Tab 和空格混用SystemError # 一般的解释器系统错误TypeError #对类型无效的操作ValueError # 传入无效的参数UnicodeError # Unicode 相关的错误UnicodeDecodeError #Unicode 解码时的错误UnicodeEncodeError #Unicode 编码时错误UnicodeTranslateError #Unicode 转换时错误Warning #警告的基类DeprecationWarning #关于被弃用的特征的警告FutureWarning # 关于构造将来语义会有改变的警告OverflowWarning # 旧的关于自动提升为长整型(long)的警告PendingDeprecationWarning #关于特性将会被废弃的警告RuntimeWarning #可疑的运行时行为(runtime behavior)的警告SyntaxWarning # 可疑的语法的警告UserWarning #用户代码生成的警告"""
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