webpack+typescript入门实例
Posted vickylinj
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使用npm 安装相应的模块
webpack 4 需要安装 webpack
、webpack-cli
和 typescript
等必要的模块。为了使用 webpack 处理 typescript,还需要 ts-loader
。
在VSCode的终端输入以下命令
1、初始化项目:
npm init
回答一系列的问题(也可以直接回车使用默认值)后,在当前项目文件夹中会出现一个package.json的配置文件。文件内容大概如下所示:
{ "name": "webpacktypescript", "version": "1.0.0", "description": "", "main": "index.js", "dependencies": { "ts-loader": "^4.2.0", "typescript": "^2.8.1", "webpack": "^4.6.0", "webpack-cli": "^2.0.14" }, "devDependencies": {}, "scripts": { "test": "echo \\"Error: no test specified\\" && exit 1" }, "author": "", "license": "ISC" }
2、安装需要的各个模块:
npm install webpack webpack-cli typescript ts-loader --save-dev
3、手动添加 TypeScript 的配置文件 tsconfig.json:
{ "compilerOptions": { "module": "commonjs", "target": "es5", "sourceMap": true }, "exclude": [ "node_modules" ] }
4、添加index.html
及默认的 src/index.js
文件
在项目文件夹中添加html文件,并命名为:\'index.html\',并编辑文件内容如下所示:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>TypeScript + Webpack 4</title> </head> <body> <script src="dist/main.js"></script> </body> </html>
5、在项目文件夹中添加名字为src
的文件夹,并在该文件夹中添加名字为index.js
的javascript文件,文件内容如下所示:
console.log("Hello TypeScript!");
完成以上操作后项目的结构如下所示:
webpackwithtypescript
|- src
|- index.js
|- index.html
|- package.json
|- package-lock.json
|- tsconfig.json
6.使用webpack-cli打包项目,输入以下命令:
npx webpack
其中npx详解请参照:https://www.cnblogs.com/vickylinj/p/12228834.html
执行后控制台显示内容如下所示:
D:\\SPAProjects\\webpacktypescript>npx webpack npx: installed 1 in 11.482s The "path" argument must be of type string D:\\SPAProjects\\webpacktypescript\\node_modules\\webpack\\bin\\webpack.js Hash: 7dffdd50a425c0f906c2 Version: webpack 4.6.0 Time: 579ms Built at: 2018-04-18 14:23:26 Asset Size Chunks Chunk Names main.js 577 bytes 0 [emitted] main Entrypoint main = main.js [0] ./src/index.js 33 bytes {0} [built]
7、打包成功,项目文件夹中会多出 dist/main.js
这也正是 webpack 4 未指定输出文件时默认的位置。此时在浏览器中打开index.html
,并在浏览器中按下F12
,进入控制台将会看到 consolr.log()
语句的输出结果。
此时的项目文件夹结构:
webpackwithtypescript |- dist |- main.js |- src |- index.js |- index.html |- package.json |- package-lock.json |- tsconfig.json
webpack 4 没有配置文件时,使用src/index.js
作为默认入口,同时使用dist/main.js
作为默认出口。
由于TyepScript文件的默认扩展名为.ts
,所以并不适合于没有配置文件的默认状况。
8、webpack 配置文件
在项目文件夹中添加名为webpack.config.js
的JavaScript文件,并编辑其内容如以下所示:
const path = require(\'path\'); module.exports = { mode: \'development\', entry: \'./src/index.ts\', output: { filename: \'main.js\', path: path.resolve(__dirname, \'dist\') }, module: { rules: [{ test: /\\.ts$/, use: "ts-loader" }] }, resolve: { extensions: [ \'.ts\' ] } };
9、同时修改package.json
如以下内容所示:
{ "name": "webpacktypescript", "version": "1.0.0", "description": "", "main": "index.js", "dependencies": { "ts-loader": "^4.2.0", "typescript": "^2.8.1", "webpack": "^4.6.0", "webpack-cli": "^2.0.14" }, "devDependencies": {}, "scripts": { "build": "webpack", //添加这一行 "test": "echo \\"Error: no test specified\\" && exit 1" }, "author": "", "license": "ISC" }
10、完成以上的设置,然后将src/index.js
改名为src/index.ts
。
webpackwithtypescript |- dist |- main.js |- src |- index.ts |- index.html |- package.json |- package-lock.json |- tsconfig.json
11、使用npm run build
命令编译、打包src/index.ts
文件:
D:\\SPAProjects\\webpacktypescript>npm run build > webpacktypescript@1.0.0 build D:\\SPAProjects\\webpacktypescript > webpack Hash: 9bf0b33a5a6b242a917e Version: webpack 4.6.0 Time: 1683ms Built at: 2018-04-18 15:03:36 Asset Size Chunks Chunk Names main.js 2.84 KiB main [emitted] main Entrypoint main = main.js [./src/index.ts] 35 bytes {main} [built]
在控制台窗口可以输入npm run build
指令进行打包时,项目中src
文件夹中的ts文件index.ts
被编译,并输出为 dist/main.js
。
12、输出文件名使用hash值
12.1、修改index.html模板,删除script节点
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>TypeScript + Webpack 4</title> </head> <body> </body> </html>
12.2、修改webpack.config.js
const path = require(\'path\'); const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require(\'html-webpack-plugin\') module.exports = { mode: \'development\', entry: \'./src/index.ts\', output: { filename: \'[hash].js\',//main.s=>[hash].js path: path.resolve(__dirname, \'dist\') }, module: { rules: [{ test: /\\.ts$/, use: "ts-loader" }] }, resolve: { extensions: [ \'.ts\' ] },
//新增配置,根据html模板自动生成带hash名script的html文件 plugins:[ new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ filename: path.resolve(__dirname, \'./dist/index.html\'), template: \'index.html\', inject: true, minify: { removeComments: true, collapseWhitespace: true, removeAttributeQuotes: true // more options: // https://github.com/kangax/html-minifier#options-quick-reference }, // necessary to consistently work with multiple chunks via CommonsChunkPlugin chunksSortMode: \'dependency\' }) ] };
12.3、build控制台输出结果
Hash: 3003e0c5c17280f9a87b Version: webpack 4.41.5 Time: 1038ms Built at: 2020-01-22 11:25:39 Asset Size Chunks Chunk Names 3003e0c5c17280f9a87b.js 3.81 KiB main [emitted] [immutable] main index.html 185 bytes [emitted] Entrypoint main = 3003e0c5c17280f9a87b.js [./src/index.ts] 35 bytes {main} [built] Child html-webpack-plugin for "index.html": 1 asset Entrypoint undefined = index.html [./node_modules/html-webpack-plugin/lib/loader.js!./index.html] 360 bytes {0} [built] [./node_modules/webpack/buildin/global.js] (webpack)/buildin/global.js 472 bytes {0} [built] [./node_modules/webpack/buildin/module.js] (webpack)/buildin/module.js 497 bytes {0} [built] + 1 hidden module
12.4、build文件输出结果(js文件的hash值与12.3输出结果的Hash一致)
index.html:
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang=en><head><meta charset=UTF-8><title>TypeScript + Webpack 4</title></head><body><script type=text/javascript src=3003e0c5c17280f9a87b.js></script></body></html>
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