ServletContext January 27，2020

Posted 2021-03-13 伍六柒

## ServletContext对象：

1. 概念：代表整个web应用，可以和程序的容器(服务器)来通信
2. 获取：
　　1. 通过request对象获取
　　　　request.getServletContext();

　　2. 通过HttpServlet获取
　　　　this.getServletContext();

/**
 * ServletContext 对象的获取
 */
@WebServlet("/servletContextDemo1")
public class ServletContextDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.通过request获取
        ServletContext servletContext1 = request.getServletContext();
        //2.通过HTTPServlet获取
        ServletContext servletContext2 = this.getServletContext();

        System.out.println(servletContext1);
        System.out.println(servletContext2);
        System.out.println(servletContext1 == servletContext2);//true
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

3. 功能：
　　　1. 获取MIME类型：
　　　　　　* MIME类型:在互联网通信过程中定义的一种文件数据类型
　　　　　　* 格式： 大类型/小类型 text/html image/jpeg

　　　　　　* 获取：String getMimeType(String file)

/**
 * MIME 类型的获取
 */
@WebServlet("/servletContextDemo2")
public class ServletContextDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        //定义文件名称
        String name = "abc.jpg";
        //获取类型
        String mimeType = context.getMimeType(name);
        System.out.println(mimeType); //  image/jpeg
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

　　　2. 域对象：共享数据
　　　　　　1. setAttribute(String name,Object value)
　　　　　　2. getAttribute(String name)
　　　　　　3. removeAttribute(String name)

　　　　　　　　* ServletContext对象范围：所有用户所有请求的数据

/**
 * ServletContext共享数据
 */
@WebServlet("/servletContextDemo3")
public class ServletContextDemo3 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        context.setAttribute("msg","123");
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

 

@WebServlet("/servletContextDemo4")
public class ServletContextDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        Object msg = context.getAttribute("msg");
        System.out.println(msg);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

　　　3. 获取文件的真实(服务器)路径
　　　　　　1. 方法：String getRealPath(String path)

/**
 *获取文件真实路径
 */
    @WebServlet("/servletContextDemo5")
public class ServletContextDemo5 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        String realPath1 = context.getRealPath("/c.txt");//src目录下的资源访问
        System.out.println(realPath1);
        String realPath2 = context.getRealPath("/WEB-INF/b.txt");//WEB-INF目录下的资源访问
        System.out.println(realPath2);
        String realPath3 = context.getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/a.txt");//web目录下的资源访问
        System.out.println(realPath3);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}