shell编程之case语句
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bash脚本编程:
case语句:
多分支if语句:
if CONDITION1; then
分支1
elif CONDITION2; then
分支2
...
else CONDITION; then
分支n
fi
示例1:显示一个菜单给用户;
cpu) display cpu information
mem) display memory information
disk) display disks information
quit) quit
要求:(1) 提示用户给出自己的选择;
(2) 正确的选择则给出相应的信息;否则,则提示重新选择正确的选项;
#!/bin/bash
#
cat << EOF
cpu) display cpu information
mem) display memory infomation
disk) display disks information
quit) quit
===============================
EOF
read -p "Enter your option: " option
while [ "$option" != "cpu" -a "$option" != "mem" -a "$option" != "disk" -a "$option" != "quit" ]; do
echo "cpu, mem, disk, quit"
read -p "Enter your option again: " option
done
if [ "$option" == "cpu" ]; then
lscpu
elif [ "$option" == "mem" ]; then
free -m
elif [ "$option" == "disk" ]; then
fdisk -l /dev/[hs]d[a-z]
else
echo "quit"
exit 0
fi
case语句的语法格式:
case $VARAIBLE in
PAT1)
分支1
;;
PAT2)
分支2
;;
...
*)
分支n
;;
esac
case支持glob风格的通配符:
*:任意长度的任意字符;
?:任意单个字符;
[]:范围内任意单个字符;
a|b:a或b;
示例:写一个服务框架脚本;
$lockfile, 值/var/lock/subsys/SCRIPT_NAME
(1) 此脚本可接受start, stop, restart, status四个参数之一;
(2) 如果参数非此四者,则提示使用帮助后退出;
(3) start,则创建lockfile,并显示启动;stop,则删除lockfile,并显示停止;restart,则先删除此文件再创建此文件,而后显示重启完成;status,如果lockfile存在,则显示running,否则,则显示为stopped.
#!/bin/bash
#
# chkconfig: - 50 50
# description: test service script
#
prog=$(basename $0)
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/$prog
case $1 in
start)
if [ -f $lockfile ]; then
echo "$prog is running yet."
else
touch $lockfile
[ $? -eq 0 ] && echo "start $prog finshed."
fi
;;
stop)
if [ -f $lockfile ]; then
rm -f $lockfile
[ $? -eq 0 ] && echo "stop $prog finished."
else
echo "$prog is not running."
fi
;;
restart)
if [ -f $lockfile ]; then
rm -f $lockfile
touch $lockfile
echo "restart $prog finished."
else
touch -f $lockfile
echo "start $prog finished."
fi
;;
status)
if [ -f $lockfile ]; then
echo "$prog is running"
else
echo "$prog is stopped."
fi
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|status}"
exit 1
esac
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