Hbase的API案例实战
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1、创建maven工程
- 自动导包（需要从cloudera仓库下载，耗时较长，耐心等待）
如下内容作为maven工程中pom.xml的repositories的内容
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>cloudera</id>
<url>https://repository.cloudera.com/artifactory/cloudera-repos/</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
<version>2.6.0-mr1-cdh5.14.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
<artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId>
<version>1.2.0-cdh5.14.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
<artifactId>hbase-server</artifactId>
<version>1.2.0-cdh5.14.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
<version>6.14.3</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>shade</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<filters>
<filter>
<artifact>*:*</artifact>
<excludes>
<exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
<exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
<exclude>META-INF/*/RSA</exclude>
</excludes>
</filter>
</filters>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>2、创建表
- 创建myuser表，此表有两个列族f1和f2
/**
* 操作数据库 第一步：获取连接 第二步：获取客户端对象 第三步：操作数据库 第四步：关闭
* 创建myuser表，有两个列族 f1 f2
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void createTable() throws IOException {
//获得连接
Configuration configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "node01:2181,node02:2181,node03:2181");
//创建连接对象
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
//操作：建表、删除表、修改表 -> 管理员；创建管理员对象
Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();
//添加了表名信息
HTableDescriptor myuser = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf("myuser"));
//给表添加列族
myuser.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("f1"));
myuser.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("f2"));
//创建表
admin.createTable(myuser);
//关闭连接
admin.close();
connection.close();
}
3、添加数据
private Connection connection;
private Table table;
//建立连接
@BeforeTest
public void init() throws IOException {
//获得连接
Configuration configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "node01:2181,node02:2181,node03:2181");
//configuration.set("zookeeper.znode.parent", "/HBase");
connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
//获得表
table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf("myuser"));
}
@AfterTest
public void close() throws IOException {
table.close();
connection.close();
}
//向表中添加数据
@Test
public void putData() throws IOException {
Put put = new Put("0001".getBytes());//创建Put对象，并指定rowkey值
//添加cell值：列族名称+列名+值
put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(), "name".getBytes(), "zhangsan".getBytes());
put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(), "age".getBytes(), Bytes.toBytes(18));
put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(), Bytes.toBytes(25));
put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(), Bytes.toBytes("地球人"));
table.put(put);
}4、查询数据
- 初始化一批数据到HBase表当中，用于查询
@Test
public void batchInsert() throws IOException {
//创建put对象，并指定rowkey
Put put = new Put("0002".getBytes());
//向f1列族添加数据
put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(1));
put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("曹操"));
put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"age".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(30));
//向f2列族添加数据
put.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"sex".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("1"));
put.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("沛国谯县"));
put.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("16888888888"));
put.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"say".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("helloworld"));
Put put2 = new Put("0003".getBytes());
put2.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(2));
put2.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("刘备"));
put2.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"age".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(32));
put2.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"sex".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("1"));
put2.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("幽州涿郡涿县"));
put2.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("17888888888"));
put2.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"say".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("talk is cheap , show me the code"));
Put put3 = new Put("0004".getBytes());
put3.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(3));
put3.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("孙权"));
put3.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"age".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(35));
put3.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"sex".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("1"));
put3.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("下邳"));
put3.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("12888888888"));
put3.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"say".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("what are you 弄啥嘞！"));
Put put4 = new Put("0005".getBytes());
put4.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(4));
put4.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("诸葛亮"));
put4.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"age".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(28));
put4.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"sex".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("1"));
put4.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("四川隆中"));
put4.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("14888888888"));
put4.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"say".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("出师表你背了嘛"));
Put put5 = new Put("0006".getBytes());
put5.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(5));
put5.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("司马懿"));
put5.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"age".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(27));
put5.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"sex".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("1"));
put5.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("哪里人有待考究"));
put5.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("15888888888"));
put5.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"say".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("跟诸葛亮死掐"));
Put put6 = new Put("0007".getBytes());
put6.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(5));
put6.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("xiaobubu—吕布"));
put6.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"age".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(28));
put6.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"sex".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("1"));
put6.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("内蒙人"));
put6.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("15788888888"));
put6.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"say".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("貂蝉去哪了"));
List<Put> listPut = new ArrayList<Put>();
listPut.add(put);
listPut.add(put2);
listPut.add(put3);
listPut.add(put4);
listPut.add(put5);
listPut.add(put6);
table.put(listPut);
}
4.1 Get查询
- 按照rowkey进行查询，获取所有列的所有值
- 查询主键rowkey为0003的人
//查询rowkey为0003的数据
@Test
public void getDataByRowkey() throws IOException {
//通过get对象，指定rowkey
Get get = new Get("0003".getBytes());
//获取某列族
get.addFamily("f1".getBytes());//限定查询f1列族下面所有列的值
get.addColumn("f2".getBytes(), "say".getBytes());//查询f2列族say列的值
//通过get查询，返回0003行，f1列族、f2:say列的所有cell的值，封装到一个Result对象
Result result = table.get(get);
//获得Result中的所有Cell
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
//遍历Cell
for(Cell cell: cells) {
//cell单元格
//获得rowkey
byte[] rowkey_bytes = CellUtil.cloneRow(cell);
//获得列族
byte[] family_bytes = CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell);
//获得列
byte[] qualifier_bytes = CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell);
//获得值
byte[] cell_bytes = CellUtil.cloneValue(cell);
if("age".equals(Bytes.toString(qualifier_bytes)) || "id".equals(Bytes.toString(qualifier_bytes))) {
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(rowkey_bytes));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(family_bytes));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(qualifier_bytes));
System.out.println(Bytes.toInt(cell_bytes));//age或id的值是int类型，得用Bytes.toInt
} else {
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(rowkey_bytes));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(family_bytes));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(qualifier_bytes));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell_bytes));
}
}
}4.2 Scan查询
/**
* 不知道rowkey的具体值，我想查询rowkey范围值是0003 到0006
* select * from myuser where age > 30 and id < 8 and name like ‘zhangsan‘
*/
@Test
public void scanData() throws IOException {
Scan scan = new Scan();//若没有指定startRow以及stopRow，则全表扫描
//扫描f1列族
scan.addFamily("f1".getBytes());
//扫描 f2列族 phone列
scan.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes());
//设置起始结束rowkey，前闭后开
scan.setStartRow("0003".getBytes());
scan.setStopRow("0007".getBytes());
//设置每批次返回客户端的数据条数
scan.setBatch(20);
//从cacheBlock中读取数据
scan.setCacheBlocks(true);
scan.setMaxResultSize(4);
scan.setMaxVersions(2);//获取历史2个版本
//通过getScanner查询获取到了表里面所有的数据，是多条数据
ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
//遍历ResultScanner 得到每一条数据，每一条数据都是封装在result对象里面了
for (Result result : scanner) {
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
for (Cell cell : cells) {
byte[] family_name = CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell);
byte[] qualifier_name = CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell);
byte[] rowkey = CellUtil.cloneRow(cell);
byte[] value = CellUtil.cloneValue(cell);
//判断id和age字段，这两个字段是整形值
if("age".equals(Bytes.toString(qualifier_name)) || "id".equals(Bytes.toString(qualifier_name))){
System.out.println("数据的rowkey为" + Bytes.toString(rowkey) +"======数据的列族为" + Bytes.toString(family_name)+"======数据的列名为" + Bytes.toString(qualifier_name) + "==========数据的值为" +Bytes.toInt(value));
}else{
System.out.println("数据的rowkey为" + Bytes.toString(rowkey) +"======数据的列族为" + Bytes.toString(family_name)+"======数据的列名为" + Bytes.toString(qualifier_name) + "==========数据的值为" +Bytes.toString(value));
}
}
}
}5、HBase的删除操作
5.1、根据rowkey删除数据
- 删除rowkey为003的数据
/**
* 删除数据
*/
@Test
public void deleteData() throws IOException {
Delete delete = new Delete("0003".getBytes());
delete.addFamily("f1".getBytes());
delete.addColumn("f2".getBytes(), "phone".getBytes());
table.delete(delete);
}5.2、删除表操作
/**
* 删除表
*/
@Test
public void deleteTable() throws IOException {
//获取管理员对象，用于表的删除
Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();
//删除一张表之前，需要先禁用表
admin.disableTable(TableName.valueOf("myuser"));
admin.deleteTable(TableName.valueOf("myuser"));
}e(delete);
}
## 5.2、删除表操作
```java
/**
* 删除表
*/
@Test
public void deleteTable() throws IOException {
//获取管理员对象，用于表的删除
Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();
//删除一张表之前，需要先禁用表
admin.disableTable(TableName.valueOf("myuser"));
admin.deleteTable(TableName.valueOf("myuser"));
}以上是关于Hbase的API案例实战的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章