微信企业号开发—发送消息

Posted 2021-03-01 ran_D

开始回调模式后我们就要实现聊天功能了。平时使用微信聊天可以发送文本消息、语音、图片、视频等，这里只实现了其中的一些功能和大家分享。
一、与微信企业号建立连接
 1、企业应用调用企业号提供的接口，管理或查询企业号后台所管理的资源、或给成员发送消息等，以下称主动调用模式。
 2、企业号把用户发送的消息或用户触发的事件推送给企业应用，由企业应用处理，以下称回调模式。
 3、用户在微信中阅读企业应用下发的H5页面，该页面可以调用微信提供的原生接口，使用微信开放的终端能力，以下称JSAPI模式。
          这是微信企业号的开发文档中写的，但是我们一般使用前两种方式。
          其实主动调用和回调都是相对的，这是站在微信服务器的角度，微信服务器通过企业号给微信客户端发送消息是主动调用，微信客户端主动发送消息去调用微信服务器相对服务器来说就是被动调用（回调）。
 
二、主被动调用微信服务器处理的数据格式
1.主调：服务器向微信客户端发送json格式的数据，数据不需要加密
2.回调：微信客户端发送的消息需要AES加密，服务器接受的消息是xml格式
     这两条用一张图表示如下：
    
三、聊天原理图

          首先微信客户端发送消息到服务器处理，数据以xml格式传输到第三方服务器后，第三方服务器再将数据转为json格式，传送给微信服务器，发送给客户端。
三、代码实现
    有了上面的原理基础，下面是代码部分
package com.hyd.smarthome.util.qq;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.net.URL;import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;import net.sf.json.JSONObject;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.cookie.CookiePolicy;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;//import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.DefaultHttpParams;
import com.hyd.smarthome.util.Global; /**微信企业号给关注的用户主动发送推送消息 企业号发消息条数没有限制  * @author flyman 2015-8-7  */ public class SendWeChatMessage {     // 发送消息类型     private final static String MSGTYPE = "text";     // 发送消息分组所有成员     // private final static String TOPARTY = "@all";     // 获取配置文件中的值     private final static String CORPID = Global.getConfig("corpID");// 需要自己申请，官网有试用企业号                                                                                         // 可以申请试用     private final static String CORPSECRET = Global.getConfig("secret");     // 获取访问权限码URL     private final static String ACCESS_TOKEN_URL = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken";     // 创建会话请求URL     private final static String CREATE_SESSION_URL = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/send?access_token=";     // 获取接口访问权限码     public String getAccessToken() {         HttpClient client = new HttpClient();         PostMethod post = new PostMethod(ACCESS_TOKEN_URL);         post.releaseConnection();         post.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8");         NameValuePair[] param = { new NameValuePair("corpid", CORPID), new NameValuePair("corpsecret", CORPSECRET) };         // 设置策略，防止报cookie错误       //DefaultHttpParams.getDefaultParams().setParameter("http.protocol.cookie-policy", CookiePolicy.BROWSER_COMPATIBILITY);         // 给post设置参数         post.setRequestBody(param);         String result = "";         try {             client.executeMethod(post);             result = new String(post.getResponseBodyAsString().getBytes("gbk"));         } catch (IOException e) {             e.printStackTrace();         }         // 将数据转换成json         net.sf.json.JSONObject jasonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(result);         result = (String) jasonObject.get("access_token");         // System.out.println(result);         post.releaseConnection();         return result;     }     /**      * 企业接口向下属关注用户发送微信消息(实现方式一)      *      * @param touser      *            成员ID列表（消息接收者，多个接收者用‘|’分隔，最多支持1000个）。特殊情况：指定为@all，      *            则向关注该企业应用的全部成员发送      * @param toparty      *            部门ID列表，多个接收者用‘|’分隔，最多支持100个。当touser为@all时忽略本参数      * @param totag      *            标签ID列表，多个接收者用‘|’分隔。当touser为@all时忽略本参数      * @param content      *            消息内容      * @return      */     @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")     public String sendWeChatMessage(String touser, String toparty, String totag, String content) {         HttpClient client = new HttpClient();         String ACCESS_TOKEN = getAccessToken();         StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();         sb.append("{");         sb.append(""touser":" + """ + touser + "",");         sb.append(""toparty":" + """ + toparty + "",");         sb.append(""totag":" + """ + totag + "",");         sb.append(""msgtype":" + """ + "text" + "",");         sb.append(""agentid":" + """ + "21" + "",");         sb.append(""text":" + "{");         sb.append(""content":" + """ + content + ""},");         sb.append(""debug":" + """ + "1" + """);         sb.append("}");         // 请求链接         String url = CREATE_SESSION_URL + ACCESS_TOKEN;         PostMethod post = new PostMethod(url);         post.releaseConnection();         post.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");         // 设置策略，防止报cookie错误       //  DefaultHttpParams.getDefaultParams().setParameter("http.protocol.cookie-policy", CookiePolicy.BROWSER_COMPATIBILITY);         // 给post设置参数         post.setRequestBody(sb.toString());         String result = "";         try {             client.executeMethod(post);             result = new String(post.getResponseBodyAsString().getBytes("gbk"));         } catch (IOException e) {             e.printStackTrace();         }         System.out.println(result);         post.releaseConnection();         return result;     }     /**      * 此方法可以发送任意类型消息      *      * @param msgType      *            text|image|voice|video|file|news      * @param touser      *            成员ID列表（消息接收者，多个接收者用‘|’分隔，最多支持1000个）。特殊情况：指定为@all，      *            则向关注该企业应用的全部成员发送      * @param toparty      *            部门ID列表，多个接收者用‘|’分隔，最多支持100个。当touser为@all时忽略本参数      * @param totag      *            标签ID列表，多个接收者用‘|’分隔。当touser为@all时忽略本参数      * @param content      *            msgType=text时 ,文本消息内容      * @param mediaId      *            msgType=image|voice|video时 ,对应消息信息ID（--------）      * @param title      *            msgType=news|video时，消息标题      * @param description      *            msgType=news|video时，消息描述      * @param url      *            msgType=news时，消息链接      * @param picurl      *            msgType=news时，图片路径      * @param safe      *            表示是否是保密消息，0表示否，1表示是，默认0      */     public void sendWeChatMsg(String msgType, String touser, String toparty, String totag, String content, String mediaId, String title,             String description, String url, String picurl, String safe) {         URL uRl;         String ACCESS_TOKEN = getAccessToken();         // 拼接请求串         String action = CREATE_SESSION_URL + ACCESS_TOKEN;         // 封装发送消息请求json         StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();         sb.append("{");         sb.append(""touser":" + """ + touser + "",");         sb.append(""toparty":" + """ + toparty + "",");         sb.append(""totag":" + """ + totag + "",");         if (msgType.equals("text")) {             sb.append(""msgtype":" + """ + msgType + "",");             sb.append(""text":" + "{");             sb.append(""content":" + """ + content + """);             sb.append("}");         } else if (msgType.equals("image")) {             sb.append(""msgtype":" + """ + msgType + "",");             sb.append(""image":" + "{");             sb.append(""media_id":" + """ + mediaId + """);             sb.append("}");         } else if (msgType.equals("voice")) {             sb.append(""msgtype":" + """ + msgType + "",");             sb.append(""voice":" + "{");             sb.append(""media_id":" + """ + mediaId + """);             sb.append("}");         } else if (msgType.equals("video")) {             sb.append(""msgtype":" + """ + msgType + "",");             sb.append(""video":" + "{");             sb.append(""media_id":" + """ + mediaId + "",");             sb.append(""title":" + """ + title + "",");             sb.append(""description":" + """ + description + """);             sb.append("}");         } else if (msgType.equals("file")) {             sb.append(""msgtype":" + """ + msgType + "",");             sb.append(""file":" + "{");             sb.append(""media_id":" + """ + mediaId + """);             sb.append("}");         } else if (msgType.equals("news")) {             sb.append(""msgtype":" + """ + msgType + "",");             sb.append(""news":" + "{");             sb.append(""articles":" + "[");             sb.append("{");             sb.append(""title":" + """ + title + "",");             sb.append(""description":" + """ + description + "",");             sb.append(""url":" + """ + url + "",");             sb.append(""picurl":" + """ + picurl + """);             sb.append("}");             sb.append("]");             sb.append("}");         }         sb.append(","safe":" + """ + safe + "",");         sb.append(""agentid":" + """ + "21" + "",");         sb.append(""debug":" + """ + "1" + """);         sb.append("}");         String json = sb.toString();         try {             uRl = new URL(action);             HttpsURLConnection http = (HttpsURLConnection) uRl.openConnection();             http.setRequestMethod("POST");             http.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",             "application/json;charset=UTF-8");             http.setDoOutput(true);             http.setDoInput(true);             System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout", "30000");//             // 连接超时30秒             System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultReadTimeout", "30000"); //             // 读取超时30秒             http.connect();             OutputStream os = http.getOutputStream();             os.write(json.getBytes("UTF-8"));// 传入参数             InputStream is = http.getInputStream();             int size = is.available();             byte[] jsonBytes = new byte[size];             is.read(jsonBytes);             String result = new String(jsonBytes, "UTF-8");             System.out.println("请求返回结果:" + result);             os.flush();             os.close();         } catch (Exception e) {             e.printStackTrace();         }     }     /**      * 企业接口向下属关注用户发送微信消息(实现方式二)      *      * @param touser      *            成员ID列表（消息接收者，多个接收者用‘|’分隔，最多支持1000个）。特殊情况：指定为@all，      *            则向关注该企业应用的全部成员发送      * @param toparty      *            部门ID列表，多个接收者用‘|’分隔，最多支持100个。当touser为@all时忽略本参数      * @param totag      *            标签ID列表，多个接收者用‘|’分隔。当touser为@all时忽略本参数      * @param content      *            消息内容      * @param safe      *            消息是否保密      * @return      */     public void sendWeChatMsgText(String touser, int toparty, String totag, String content, String safe) {         URL uRl;         String ACCESS_TOKEN = getAccessToken();         // 拼接请求串         String action = CREATE_SESSION_URL + ACCESS_TOKEN;         // 封装发送消息请求json         StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();         sb.append("{");         sb.append(""touser":" + """ + touser + "",");         sb.append(""toparty":" + """ + toparty + "",");         sb.append(""totag":" + """ + totag + "",");         sb.append(""msgtype":" + """ + MSGTYPE + "",");         sb.append(""text":" + "{");         sb.append(""content":" + """ + content + """);         sb.append("}");         sb.append(","safe":" + """ + safe + "",");         sb.append(""agentid":" + """ + toparty + "",");         sb.append(""debug":" + """ + "1" + """);         sb.append("}");         String json = sb.toString();         try {             uRl = new URL(action);             HttpsURLConnection http = (HttpsURLConnection) uRl.openConnection();             http.setRequestMethod("POST");             http.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",             "application/json;charset=UTF-8");             http.setDoOutput(true);             http.setDoInput(true);             System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout", "30000");//             // 连接超时30秒             System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultReadTimeout", "30000"); //             // 读取超时30秒             http.connect();             OutputStream os = http.getOutputStream();             os.write(json.getBytes("UTF-8"));// 传入参数             InputStream is = http.getInputStream();             int size = is.available();             byte[] jsonBytes = new byte[size];             is.read(jsonBytes);             String result = new String(jsonBytes, "UTF-8");             System.out.println("请求返回结果:" + result);             os.flush();             os.close();         } catch (Exception e) {             e.printStackTrace();         }     }     public static void main(String[] args) {         SendWeChatMessage weChat = new SendWeChatMessage();         weChat.sendWeChatMsgText("xiayi", 9, "", "刘彦登发来的测试消息", "0");          //weChat.sendWeChatMsg("text", "liuyandeng", "9", "", "测试senMsg", "", "", "", "", "", "0");         //weChat.sendWeChatMessage("liuyandeng", "9", "", "Hi");     } }
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq877507054/article/details/51395850