SpringCloud知识概括
Posted GeorgeLin98
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SpringCloud知识概括
SpringCloud基础组件
提供注册服务的服务器(第一步)：
-----------------------------pom.xml-----------------------------
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yun</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-eureka-server</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springcloud-eureka-server</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<!--引入springboot-parent父项目-->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!--引入springcloud的euekea server依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!--指定下载源和使用springcloud的版本-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Edgware.SR5</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
-----------------------------appliaction.yaml-----------------------------
server:
port: 8700 # 指定应用(注册中心方)端口自己决定
# 指定当前eureka客户端的注册地址，也就是eureka服务的提供方，当前配置的服务的注册服务方
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://$eureka.instance.hostname:$server.port/eureka
register-with-eureka: false #指定自身是否在向eureka注册
fetch-registry: false #指定注册中心启动时是否禁用client的注册
instance:
hostname: localhost#指定应用实例的主机名
#指定应用在注册中心的名称
spring:
application:
name: eureka-server
-----------------------------MainApplication类-----------------------------
package com.yun;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer //当前使用eureka的server
public class EurekaServerApplication
public static void main(String[] args)
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class,args);
在注册中心注册服务(第二步)：
-----------------------------pom.xml-----------------------------
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yun</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-eureka-server</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springcloud-eureka-server</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<!--引入springboot-parent父项目-->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!--引入springcloud的euekea client依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!--指定下载源和使用springcloud的版本-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Edgware.SR5</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
-----------------------------appliaction.yaml-----------------------------
server:
port: 8701 # 指定应用(服务提供方)端口自己决定
# 指定当前eureka客户端的注册地址,
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://$eureka.instance.hostname:$server.port/eureka
instance:
hostname: localhost#指定应用实例的主机名
#指定应用在注册中心的名称
spring:
application:
name: eureka-service
-----------------------------Controller类-----------------------------
package com.yun;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/Hello")
public class Controller
@RequestMapping("/World")
public String helloWorld(String s)
System.out.println("传入的值为："+s);
return "传入的值为："+s;
-----------------------------MainApplication类-----------------------------
package com.yun;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient//代表自己是一个服务提供方
public class EurekaServerApplication
public static void main(String[] args)
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class,args);
搭建网关(第三步)：
- 在启动类可以配置@EnableZuulProxy和@EnableZuulServer，
@EnableZuulProxy可以称为@EnableZuulServer的增强版，当Zuul与Eureka、Ribbon等组件配合使用时，我们使用@EnableZuulProxy。
-----------------------------pom.xml-----------------------------
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yun</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-eureka-server</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springcloud-eureka-server</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<!--引入springboot-parent父项目-->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!--引入springcloud的euekea client依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--引入springcloud的zuul依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!--指定下载源和使用springcloud的版本-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Edgware.SR5</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
-----------------------------appliaction.yaml-----------------------------
server:
port: 9100# 指定应用(网关服务提供方)端口自己决定
#指定网关应用在注册中心的名称
spring:
application:
name: zuul
# 指定当前eureka客户端的注册地址
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://$eureka.instance.hostname:$server.port/eureka
instance:
hostname: localhost#指定应用实例的主机名
#路由规则定义：
#这里定义两种路由规则route1和route2代表访问网关/test01/**或/test02/**时
#路由到服务名为eurekaservice1或eurekaservice2中的服务集群去。
zuul:
routes:
route1:
path: /test01/**
serviceId: eurekaservice1
route2:
path: /test02/**
serviceId: eurekaservice2
-----------------------------MainApplication类-----------------------------
package com.yun;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy//代表自己是一个网关服务提供方
public class EurekaServerApplication
public static void main(String[] args)
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class,args);
服务调用(restTemple+Ribbon)(第四步)：
- 第一种是直接调用：不经过注册中心那服务列表，直接访问的servicesupport
- 第二种：是根据服务名选择调用，
使用注入的负载均衡Bean用服务名去注册中心获取服务列表，当前客户端底层会做随机算法的选取获得服务并访问。 - 第三种需要一个@Bean的注解自动注入并直接调用restTemplate对象调用服务。底层调用模式与第二种调用方式一样。如下：
package com.yun.beans;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class Beans
@Bean//根据方法返回值向容器注入Bean
@LoadBalanced//表示该Bean需要做负载匀衡
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
return new RestTemplate();
-----------------------------pom.xml-----------------------------
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yun</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-eureka-server</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springcloud-eureka-server</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<!--引入springboot-parent父项目-->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!--引入springcloud的euekea client依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--引入springcloud的Ribbon依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!--指定下载源和使用springcloud的版本-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Edgware.SR5</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
-----------------------------appliaction.yaml-----------------------------
server:
port: 8702 # 指定应用(服务提供方)端口自己决定
#指定网关应用在注册中心的名称
spring:
application:
name: eureka-consumer
# 指定当前eureka客户端的注册地址
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://$eureka.instance.hostname:$server.port/eureka
instance:
hostname: localhost#指定应用实例的主机名
-----------------------------MainApplication类-----------------------------
package com.yun;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient//代表自己是一个服务提供方
public class EurekaServerApplication
public static void main(String[] args)
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class,args);
-----------------------------Controller类-----------------------------
package com.yun.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/Hello")
class ConsumerController
@Autowired
private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;//注入负载均衡Bean
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;//注入rest调用器Bean
@RequestMapping("/Consumer")
public String helloWorld(String s)
System.out.println("传入的值为："+s);
//第一种调用方式
//String forObject = new RestTemplate().getForObject("http://localhost:8071/Hello/World?s=" + s, String.class);
//第二种调用方式
//根据服务名 获取服务列表 根据算法选取某个服务 并访问某个服务的网络位置。
//ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancerClient.choose("EUREKA-SERVICE");
//String forObject = new RestTemplate().getForObject("http://"+serviceInstance.getHost()+":"+serviceInstance.getPort()+"/Hello/World?s="+s,String.class);
//第三种调用方式 需要restTemplate注入的方式
String forObject = restTemplate.getForObject("http://EUREKA-SERVICE/Hello/World?s=" + s, String.class);
return forObject;
断路器搭建(第五步)：
- @HystrixCommand：该注解对该方法创建了熔断器的功能，并指定了fallbackMethod熔断(回调)方法。
-----------------------------pom.xml-----------------------------
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yun</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-eureka-server</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springcloud-eureka-server</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<!--引入springboot-parent父项目-->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!--引入springcloud的euekea client依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--引入springcloud的hystrix依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--引入springcloud的Ribbon依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!--指定下载源和使用springcloud的版本-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>以上是关于SpringCloud知识概括的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章