Python 定时发送每日天气和每日简报至邮件或钉钉（代码部署在云服务器）
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思路：
1、爬取当前所在城市的天气（实时）
2、爬取每天一分钟，知晓天下事，新闻简报（最新一天）
3、利用python将天气和简报发送至指定邮箱 或 发送至钉钉群（借助自定义机器人）
4、在本地测试通过后，就可以把代码部署到云函数中，设置定时执行。
文章给的就是一个完整代码，可能有些地方写的比较冗余，也懒得改了
每日天气：https://www.tianqi.com/chongqing/
每日简报：https://www.163.com/dy/media/T1603594732083.html
1 python 发送至邮件
参考：
Python实现自动发送邮件
Python 自动发送邮件详细教程
对代码进行了修改，然后加了每日天气和每日简报的爬虫程序
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Fri Dec 24 15:21:51 2021
@author: ABC
"""
# smtplib 用于邮件的发信动作
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
# email 用于构建邮件内容
from email.header import Header
# 用于构建邮件头
import json
import hashlib
import base64
import hmac
import os
import time
import requests
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
from lxml import etree
import urllib.request #提取网址数据
import gzip
def get_weather_data() :
city_name = '重庆'
url1 = 'http://wthrcdn.etouch.cn/weather_mini?city='+urllib.parse.quote(city_name)
weather_data = urllib.request.urlopen(url1)
weather_data = weather_data.read()
weather_data = gzip.decompress(weather_data).decode('utf-8')
weather_dict = json.loads(weather_data)
return weather_dict
def show_weather(weather_data):
#将形参数据值即（return weather_dict）赋值给这里的weather_dict变量
import requests
from lxml import etree
base_url = 'https://www.tianqi.com/chongqing/'
headers = 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (Khtml, like Gecko)'
+'Chrome/62.0.3202.94 Safari/537.36'
res = requests.get(base_url,headers = headers)
html = res.text
html = etree.HTML(html)
riqi = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="week"]/text()')[0].replace(' ',' ')
tianqi = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="weather"]/span/b/text()')[0]
now = ''.join(html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="weather"]/p[@class="now"]//text()'))
wendu = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="weather"]/span/text()')[0]
shidu = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="shidu"]/b[1]/text()')[0]
shidu1 = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="shidu"]/b[2]/text()')[0]
shidu2 = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="shidu"]/b[3]/text()')[0]
kongqi = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="kongqi"]/h5/text()')[0]
pM = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="kongqi"]/h6/text()')[0]
richu = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="kongqi"]/span/text()')[0]
richu2 = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="kongqi"]/span/text()')[1]
yu = html.xpath('//div[@class="weather_life300"]/ul/li[1]/a/p/text()')[0]
weather_dict = weather_data
if weather_dict.get('desc') == 'invilad-citykey':
print('你输入的城市名有误，或者天气中心未收录你所在城市')
elif weather_dict.get('desc') =='OK':
forecast = weather_dict.get('data').get('forecast')
if '雨' in yu:
tishi = '今日可能下雨，记得带伞哦！'+weather_dict.get('data').get('ganmao')
else:
tishi = +weather_dict.get('data').get('ganmao')
b = '------重庆天气查询------\\n' + \\
riqi +'\\n'+'天气：' + tianqi+'\\n'+ '当前气温：'+ now+'\\n'+ '温度：'+ wendu+'\\n'+ shidu+'\\n'+shidu1+'\\n'+shidu2+'\\n'+kongqi+'\\n'+\\
pM+'\\n'+richu+'\\n'+richu2+ '\\n'\\
'-----------------------' + '\\n'\\
'明日天气：',forecast[1].get('type') + '\\n' \\
'最高气温：',forecast[1].get('high').replace('高温 ','') +'\\n'\\
'最低气温：',forecast[1].get('low').replace('低温 ','') +'\\n'\\
'温馨提示：',tishi
return b
def jianbao():
base_url = 'https://www.163.com/dy/media/T1603594732083.html'
headers = 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko)'
+'Chrome/62.0.3202.94 Safari/537.36'
res = requests.get(base_url,headers = headers)
html = res.text
html = etree.HTML(html)
ii_list = html.xpath('//li[@class="media_article"]')
url = ii_list[0].xpath('.//a[@class="media_article_img"]/@href')[0]
res2 = requests.get(url,headers = headers)
html2 = res2.text
html2 = etree.HTML(html2)
di_tie = html2.xpath('.//div[@class="post_body"]/p[@id="0H187OLR"]/text()')
a = '\\n'.join(di_tie)
a = a.replace('365资讯简报，每天精选15条热点新闻简报1条微语，','')
return a
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 发信方的信息：发信邮箱，QQ 邮箱授权码
from_addr = 'xxxxx@qq.com'
password = 'xxxxx'
# 收信方邮箱
to_addr = 'xxxxx@qq.com'
# 发信服务器
smtp_server = 'smtp.qq.com'
# 邮箱正文内容，第一个参数为内容，第二个参数为格式(plain 为纯文本)，第三个参数为编码
b = show_weather(get_weather_data())
b = '下午好，xx\\n' + "".join(b)
a = jianbao()
c = b +'\\n' + '\\n' + '------------------------------------\\n' + a
msg = MIMEText(eval('c'),'plain','utf-8')
# 邮件头信息
msg['From'] = Header(from_addr)
msg['To'] = Header(to_addr)
msg['Subject'] = Header('Never say die.下午好，xx')
# 开启发信服务，这里使用的是加密传输
server=smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server)
server.connect(smtp_server,465)
# 登录发信邮箱
server.login(from_addr, password)
# 发送邮件
server.sendmail(from_addr, to_addr, msg.as_string())
# 关闭服务器
server.quit()
2 python 发送至钉钉
这里也是参考Python实用宝典做的
链接：10分钟教你用Python开发钉钉通知机器人
7行代码实现早上出门前自动收到分时天气预报
里面有详细的步骤，这里我就赘述了，我只是对发送的内容作了改变
也是加了每日天气和每日简报
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Fri Dec 24 16:34:04 2021
@author: ABC
"""
import json
import hashlib
import base64
import hmac
import os
import time
import requests
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
from lxml import etree
import urllib.request #提取网址数据
import gzip
class Messenger:
def __init__(self, token=os.getenv("DD_ACCESS_TOKEN"), secret=os.getenv("DD_SECRET")):
self.timestamp = str(round(time.time() * 1000))
self.URL = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send"
self.headers = 'Content-Type': 'application/json'
secret = secret
secret_enc = secret.encode('utf-8')
string_to_sign = '\\n'.format(self.timestamp, secret)
string_to_sign_enc = string_to_sign.encode('utf-8')
hmac_code = hmac.new(secret_enc, string_to_sign_enc, digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()
self.sign = quote_plus(base64.b64encode(hmac_code))
self.params = 'access_token': token, "sign": self.sign
def send_text(self, content):
"""
发送文本
@param content: str, 文本内容
"""
data = "msgtype": "text", "text": "content": content
self.params["timestamp"] = self.timestamp
return requests.post(
url=self.URL,
data=json.dumps(data),
params=self.params,
headers=self.headers
)
def get_weather_data(self) :
city_name = '重庆'
url1 = 'http://wthrcdn.etouch.cn/weather_mini?city='+urllib.parse.quote(city_name)
weather_data = urllib.request.urlopen(url1)
weather_data = weather_data.read()
weather_data = gzip.decompress(weather_data).decode('utf-8')
weather_dict = json.loads(weather_data)
return weather_dict
def show_weather(self,weather_data):
#将形参数据值即（return weather_dict）赋值给这里的weather_dict变量
import requests
from lxml import etree
base_url = 'https://www.tianqi.com/chongqing/'
headers = 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko)'
+'Chrome/62.0.3202.94 Safari/537.36'
res = requests.get(base_url,headers = headers)
html = res.text
html = etree.HTML(html)
riqi = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="week"]/text()')[0].replace(' ',' ')
tianqi = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="weather"]/span/b/text()')[0]
now = ''.join(html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="weather"]/p[@class="now"]//text()'))
wendu = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="weather"]/span/text()')[0]
shidu = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="shidu"]/b[1]/text()')[0]
shidu1 = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="shidu"]/b[2]/text()')[0]
shidu2 = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="shidu"]/b[3]/text()')[0]
kongqi = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="kongqi"]/h5/text()')[0]
pM = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="kongqi"]/h6/text()')[0]
richu = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="kongqi"]/span/text()')[0]
richu2 = html.xpath('//dl[@class="weather_info"]/dd[@class="kongqi"]/span/text()')[1]
yu = html.xpath('//div[@class="weather_life300"]/ul/li[1]/a/p/text()')[0]
weather_dict = weather_data
if weather_dict.get('desc') == 'invilad-citykey':
print('你输入的城市名有误，或者天气中心未收录你所在城市')
elif weather_dict.get('desc') =='OK':
forecast = weather_dict.get('data').get('forecast')
if '雨' in yu:
tishi = '今日可能下雨，记得带伞哦！'+weather_dict.get('data').get('ganmao')
else:
tishi = +weather_dict.get('data').get('ganmao')
b = '------重庆天气查询------\\n' + \\
riqi +'\\n'+'天气：' + tianqi+'\\n'+ '当前气温：'+\\
now+'\\n'+ '温度：'+ wendu+'\\n'+ \\
shidu+'\\n'+shidu1+'\\n'+shidu2+'\\n'+kongqi+'\\n'+\\
pM+'\\n'+richu+'\\n'+richu2+ '\\n'\\
'-----------------------' + '\\n'\\
'明日天气：',forecast[1].get('type') + '\\n' \\
'最高气温：',forecast[1].get('high').replace('高温 ','') +'\\n'\\
'最低气温：',forecast[1].get('low').replace('低温 ','') + '\\n' + '\\n'\\
'温馨提示：',tishi
return b
def jianbao(self):
base_url = 'https://www.163.com/dy/media/T1603594732083.html'
headers = 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko)'
+'Chrome/62.0.3202.94 Safari/537.36'
res = requests.get(base_url,headers = headers)
html = res.text
html = etree.HTML(html)
ii_list = html.xpath('//li[@class="media_article"]')
url = ii_list[0].xpath('.//a[@class="media_article_img"]/@href')[0]
res2 = requests.get(url,headers = headers)
html2 = res2.text
html2 = etree.HTML(html2)
di_tie = html2.xpath('.//div[@class="post_body"]/p[@id="0H187OLR"]/text()')
a = '\\n'.join(di_tie)
a = a.replace('365资讯简报，每天精选15条热点新闻简报1条微语，','')
return a
if __name__ == "__main__":
if time.localtime().tm_hour <12:
m = Messenger(
token="xxx",
secret="xxx"
)
b = m.show_weather(m.get_weather_data())
b = '早上好，xx，xx，xx，xx\\n' + "".join(b)
m.send_text(eval('b'))
a = m.jianbao()
m.send_text(eval('a'))
else:
m = Messenger(
token="xxx",
secret="xxx"
)
b = m.show_weather(m.get_weather_data())
b = '下午好，xx，xx，xx，xx\\n' + "".join(b)
m.send_text(eval('b'))
3 定时任务
这里使用的是腾讯云函数，把代码部署在云函数中，设置定时执行就行了
怎么操作的可以看一下其他文章（网上太多了），也懒得写了：
学校云战役自动打卡系统——基于python requests模块及腾讯云函数实现
利用云函数+Python实现每日网站自动签到并用QQ提醒
python + 腾讯云函数 实现微信公众号开发
我只是想提一下，关于云函数安装 python 第三方库的问题，其实官方文档也有很多其他方式（为Python云函数打包依赖），但我觉得这种方式最简单，最方便
参考
https://bbs.nga.cn/read.php?tid=25226439&page=e&forder_by=postdatedesc&rand=838
也就是在终端上用pip安装库，例如安装pandas，如下
pip3 install pandas --target=./src
然后部署，测试就可以啦
4 效果展示
我设置了，每天早上八点，晚上六点，定时执行
邮箱
钉钉
Python 定时发送每日天气和每日简报至邮件或钉钉（代码部署在云服务器）