使用SQL Server中的OPENXML解析带有内联架构的XML文件

Posted 2021-03-26

我试图从XML文件中提取数据并使用SQL Server中的OPENXML存储到SQL表中。但是，查询什么都不返回。

CML日期

<root xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1" xmlns:schema="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:sqltypes="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/sqltypes" elementFormDefault="qualified">
    <xsd:import namespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/sqltypes" schemaLocation="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/sqltypes/sqltypes.xsd"/>
    <xsd:element name="ogridroles">
        <xsd:complexType>
            <xsd:sequence>
                <xsd:element name="ogrid_cde" type="sqltypes:int" nillable="1"/>
                <xsd:element name="role" nillable="1">
                    <xsd:simpleType>
                        <xsd:restriction base="sqltypes:char" sqltypes:localeId="1033" sqltypes:sqlCompareOptions="IgnoreCase IgnoreKanaType IgnoreWidth" sqltypes:sqlSortId="52">
                            <xsd:maxLength value="1"/>
                        </xsd:restriction>
                    </xsd:simpleType>
                </xsd:element>
            </xsd:sequence>
        </xsd:complexType>
    </xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>28</ogrid_cde>
    <role>T</role>
</ogridroles>
<ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>75</ogrid_cde>
    <role>T</role>
</ogridroles>
<ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>93</ogrid_cde>
    <role>O</role>
</ogridroles>
<ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>135</ogrid_cde>
    <role>O</role>
</ogridroles>
</root>

SQL查询

DECLARE @xmlStr xml;
DECLARE @idoc INT

SELECT @xmlStr = BulkColumn FROM OPENROWSET(
   BULK 'D:ogridroles.xml',
   SINGLE_BLOB) AS DATA;

EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @idoc OUTPUT, @xmlStr;
SELECT *
FROM OPENXML (@idoc, '/root/ogridroles',2)
    WITH (
        ogrid_cde   int 'ogrid_cde',
        role varchar(1) 'role')
EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @idoc

我想提取元素的所有行值

ogrid_cde 角色

答案

通过FROM OPENXML的方法（连同准备和删除文件的程序）已过时，不应再使用。

更好的是native methods of the XML-type。试试这个：

你的XML

DECLARE @xml XML=
N'<root xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <xsd:schema xmlns:schema="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:sqltypes="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/sqltypes" targetNamespace="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1" elementFormDefault="qualified">
    <xsd:import namespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/sqltypes" schemaLocation="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/sqltypes/sqltypes.xsd" />
    <xsd:element name="ogridroles">
      <xsd:complexType>
        <xsd:sequence>
          <xsd:element name="ogrid_cde" type="sqltypes:int" nillable="1" />
          <xsd:element name="role" nillable="1">
            <xsd:simpleType>
              <xsd:restriction base="sqltypes:char" sqltypes:localeId="1033" sqltypes:sqlCompareOptions="IgnoreCase IgnoreKanaType IgnoreWidth" sqltypes:sqlSortId="52">
                <xsd:maxLength value="1" />
              </xsd:restriction>
            </xsd:simpleType>
          </xsd:element>
        </xsd:sequence>
      </xsd:complexType>
    </xsd:element>
  </xsd:schema>
  <ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>28</ogrid_cde>
    <role>T</role>
  </ogridroles>
  <ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>75</ogrid_cde>
    <role>T</role>
  </ogridroles>
  <ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>93</ogrid_cde>
    <role>O</role>
  </ogridroles>
  <ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>135</ogrid_cde>
    <role>O</role>
  </ogridroles>
</root>';

- 查询

WITH XMLNAMESPACES(DEFAULT 'urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1')
SELECT OgrRol.value('(ogrid_cde/text())[1]','int') AS ogrid_cde
      ,OgrRol.value('(role/text())[1]','nvarchar(10)') AS [role]
FROM @xml.nodes('/*:root/ogridroles') A(ogrRol);

结果

ogrid_cde   role
28          T
75          T
93          O
135         O

简短说明

你可以在这里忽略XML模式。这对于检查数据完整性和有效性非常有用。但假设数据是正确的，我们可以阅读它。

有一个（重复定义的）默认命名空间。但是 - 这很重要！ - 元素<root>本身并不存在于此命名空间中！

轻松一点，我刚刚使用命名空间通配符来使用*:root来处理这个元素。一般来说，最好避免使用通配符，但在这种情况下，这似乎是可以接受的。

我们使用.nodes()来获取所有<ogridroles>元素的派生表。然后我们使用.value()来读取代码和角色元素的text()节点。

希望这有帮助，快乐编码！

另一答案

我不太喜欢模式并使用另一种方法来解码XML：

DECLARE @x XML = 'bla bla bla'
DECLARE @idoc INT
EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @idoc OUTPUT ,@x 

SELECT * INTO #t
FROM OPENXML (@idoc, '/',2)
EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @idoc 

SELECT [ogrid_cde] = t3.text, [role] = t4.text
FROM #t as t1
INNER JOIN #t as t2 ON t1.parentid = t2.parentid
INNER JOIN #t as t3 ON t1.id = t3.parentid
INNER JOIN #t as t4 ON t2.id = t4.parentid
WHERE t1.localname = 'ogrid_cde' and t2.localname = 'role'