mysql基于Amoeba（变形虫）实现读写分离
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一、实验环境
1、准备五台主机，其中三台已经实现了mysql的主从复制（主从复制不再演示，从安装Amoeba开始），一台安装Amoeba，一台用作试验机
- mysql-master：192.168.200.111
- mysql-slave1：192.168.200.112
- mysql-slave2：192.168.200.113
- Amoeba：192.168.200.114
- Client：192.168.200.115
2、所有主机关闭安全机制和防火墙。
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@localhost ~]# iptables -F [root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
二、在主机Amoeba上安装java环境（192.168.200.114）
1、上传需要的安装包
[root@amoeba ~]# ls amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin anaconda-ks.cfg
2、执行.bin文件（就相当于解压.tar包）
[root@amoeba ~]# chmod +x jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin [root@amoeba ~]# ./jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin [root@amoeba ~]# mv jdk1.6.0_14/ /usr/local/jdk1.6
3、设置开机启动项，添加内容
[root@amoeba ~]# vim /etc/profile export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6 //声明一个全局变量JAVA_HOME，安装路径为/usr/local/jdk1.6 export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib //更新类的搜索路径 export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$HOME/bin export AMOEBA_HOME=/usr/local/amoeba //amoeba的解压路径 export PATH=$PATH:$AMOEBA_HOME/bin //amoeba的命令
4、jdk安装完成后，java的版本与jdk的版本不同，删除高版本的java程序文件，重新执行一下/etc/profile
[root@amoeba ~]# java -version openjdk version "1.8.0_222" OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_222-b10) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.222-b10, mixed mode) [root@amoeba ~]# which java /usr/bin/java [root@amoeba ~]# rm -rf /usr/bin/java [root@amoeba ~]# source /etc/profile [root@amoeba ~]# java -version java version "1.6.0_14" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_14-b08) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 14.0-b16, mixed mode)
三、安装并配置Amoeba（192.168.200.114）
1、解压安装包
[root@amoeba ~]# mkdir /usr/local/amoeba [root@amoeba ~]# tar -xf amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/amoeba/ [root@amoeba ~]# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/amoeba/
2、配置Amoeba的读写分离，两个Slave读负载均衡
在Master、Slave1、Slave2服务器中配置Amoeba的访问授权
[root@mysql-m ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123 //三台主机都要执行 MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to ‘test‘@‘192.168.200.%‘ identified by ‘123123‘; //对所有库下的所有表，授权的用户名为test，允许访问的网段为200网段，密码为123123. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
4、编辑amoeba.xml配置文件
[root@amoeba ~]# cd /usr/local/amoeba/ [root@amoeba amoeba]# ls benchmark changelogs.txt lib README.html bin conf LICENSE.txt [root@amoeba amoeba]# cd conf/ [root@amoeba conf]# ls access_list.conf dbServers.xml log4j.xml amoeba.dtd function.dtd rule.dtd amoeba.xml functionMap.xml ruleFunctionMap.xml dbserver.dtd log4j.dtd rule.xml [root@amoeba conf]# cp amoeba.xml amoeba.xml.bak
[root@amoeba conf]# vim amoeba.xml 30 <property name="user">amoeba</property> //客户端必须拿这个用户名和密码登录amoeba 32 <property name="password">123123</property> 115 <property name="defaultPool">master</property> //默认 118 <property name="writePool">master</property> //写的池，交给master 119 <property name="readPool">slaves</property> //读的池，交给slaves组
5、编辑dbServer.xml配置文件
[root@amoeba conf]# cp dbServers.xml dbServers.xml.bak [root@amoeba ~]# vim /usr/local/amoeba/conf/dbServers.xml 19 <!-- mysql port --> 20 <property name="port">3306</property> 21 22 <!-- mysql schema --> 23 <property name="schema">test</property> 24 25 <!-- mysql user --> 26 <property name="user">test</property> 27 28 <!-- mysql password --> 29 <property name="password">123123</property>
45 <dbServer name="master" parent="abstractServer"> 46 <factoryConfig> 47 <!-- mysql ip --> 48 <property name="ipAddress">192.168.200.111</property> 49 </factoryConfig> 50 </dbServer> 51 52 <dbServer name="slave1" parent="abstractServer"> 53 <factoryConfig> 54 <!-- mysql ip --> 55 <property name="ipAddress">192.168.200.112</property> 56 </factoryConfig> 57 </dbServer> 58 <dbServer name="slave2" parent="abstractServer"> 59 <factoryConfig> 60 <!-- mysql ip --> 61 <property name="ipAddress">192.168.200.113</property> 62 </factoryConfig> 63 </dbServer> 66 <dbServer name="slaves" virtual="true"> //声明组 67 <poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool"> 68 <!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA--> 69 <property name="loadbalance">1</property> //组内成员的效果为轮询 70 71 <!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 --> 72 <property name="poolNames">slave1,slave2</property> 73 </poolConfig> 74 </dbServer>
6、配置无误后，启动Amoeba软件，默认端口为TCP协议8066
nohup：执行命令不依赖于任何终端
[root@amoeba ~]# nohup /usr/local/amoeba/bin/amoeba start & //将命令放到后台运行，不依赖于任何终端 [root@amoeba ~]# netstat -lnpt //查看端口8066 Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1366/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1632/master tcp6 0 0 :::8066 :::* LISTEN 21943/java tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:18195 :::* LISTEN 21943/java tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1366/sshd tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1632/master
四、client客户机访问测试（192.168.200.115）
安装mariadb
1、连接数据库测试
[root@client ~]# mysql -u amoeba -p123123 -h 192.168.200.114 -P 8066 Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 74675057 Server version: 5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-2.2.0 MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement. MySQL [(none)]>
2、测试读写分离
master主机上
MariaDB [(none)]> create database db_test; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> use db_test; Database changed MariaDB [db_test]> create table student (id int(10),name varchar(10),address varchar(20)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
建完库之后在两台slave机上查看，能看到新建的库说明主从复制没有问题
3、将两台slave主机上的主从服务给关掉
salve1： MariaDB [(none)]> stop salve; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- slave2： MariaDB [(none)]> stop salve;
编写测试
master： MariaDB [db_test]> insert into student values(‘1‘,‘crushlinux‘,‘this_is_master‘); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- slave1： MariaDB [db_test]> insert into student values(‘2‘,‘crushlinux‘,‘this_is_slave1‘); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- slave2： Database changed MariaDB [db_test]> insert into student values(‘3‘,‘crushlinux‘,‘this_is_slave2‘); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
从client客户机上访问，访问到的是两台salve机的轮询
MySQL [db_test]> select * from student; +------+------------+----------------+ | id | name | address | +------+------------+----------------+ | 2 | crushlinux | this_is_slave1 | +------+------------+----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) MySQL [db_test]> select * from student; +------+------------+----------------+ | id | name | address | +------+------------+----------------+ | 3 | crushlinux | this_is_slave2 | +------+------------+----------------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
4、客户机上添加一个数据，访问，还是读到两台slave机上的
MySQL [db_test]> insert into student values(‘4‘,‘crushlinux‘,‘this_is_client‘); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) MySQL [db_test]> select * from student; +------+------------+----------------+ | id | name | address | +------+------------+----------------+ | 2 | crushlinux | this_is_slave1 | +------+------------+----------------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) MySQL [db_test]> select * from student; +------+------------+----------------+ | id | name | address | +------+------------+----------------+ | 3 | crushlinux | this_is_slave2 | +------+------------+----------------+ 1 row in set (0.02 sec)
在client机上写数据时，写交给master主机来处理，两台slave主机没有变化，因为此时主从服务已经停了，所以两台slave机上不会访问到master主机上写入的内容
5、开启主从复制测试
slave1： MariaDB [db_test]> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- slave2： MariaDB [db_test]> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) ========================================== client： MySQL [db_test]> select * from student; +------+------------+----------------+ | id | name | address | +------+------------+----------------+ | 3 | crushlinux | this_is_slave2 | | 1 | crushlinux | this_is_master | | 4 | crushlinux | this_is_client | +------+------------+----------------+ 3 rows in set (0.01 sec) MySQL [db_test]> select * from student; +------+------------+----------------+ | id | name | address | +------+------------+----------------+ | 2 | crushlinux | this_is_slave1 | | 1 | crushlinux | this_is_master | | 4 | crushlinux | this_is_client | +------+------------+----------------+ 3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
主从复制开启后，两台slave机上可以读取到master主机上写入的数据，client在访问测试的时候就能读到主机上的数据，因为两台slave机是轮询效果，所以能访问到1、2、4或1、3、4
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