postgrepsql 常用命令

Posted 2021-03-13 oftenlin

1、查看数据库及用户名
./psql -l
2、以oftenlin 用户登陆 postgres 数据库
./psql -d postgres -U oftenlin
3、列举表，相当于mysql的show tables
dt
4、查看表结构，相当于desc tblname,show columns from tbname
d tblname

5、postgresql 支持 gis 功能
CREATE EXTENSION postgis;
查看 GIS 插件是否起作用
SELECT PostGIS_Full_Version();

6、创建数据表

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS "public"."link_info";
CREATE TABLE "public"."link_info" (
"edgeid" int8 NOT NULL,
"from_node_id" int8,
"to_node_id" int8,
"two_way" int2,
"spd" float4,
"vertex_cnt" int4,
"geo" geometry
);
ALTER TABLE "public"."link_info" OWNER TO "postgres";
ALTER TABLE "public"."link_info" ADD CONSTRAINT "link_info_pkey" PRIMARY KEY ("edgeid");

7、创建空间索引

CREATE INDEX linkinfo_geom_idx ON public.link_info USING GIST (geom);

8、python 连接 PostgreSQL

使用 psycopg2 库 pip install
安装过程中出现
Error: pg_config executable not found
需要把 /Library/PostgreSQL/9.6/bin 添加到环境变量
安装成功后仍然没有办法使用，需要做动态链接库的软连接
sudo install_name_tool -change libpq.5.dylib /Library/PostgreSQL/9.6/lib/libpq.5.dylib /Users/didi/anaconda2/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.cpython-36m-darwin.so
sudo install_name_tool -change libssl.1.1.dylib /Library/PostgreSQL/9.6/lib/libssl.1.1.dylib /Users/didi/anaconda2/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.cpython-36m-darwin.so
sudo install_name_tool -change libcrypto.1.1.dylib /Library/PostgreSQL/9.6/lib/libcrypto.1.1.dylib /Users/didi/anaconda2/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.cpython-36m-darwin.so