MySQL的Connection-Control介绍
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在Oracle和SQL Server数据库中，可以设置一些复杂的账号密码策略，例如在失败登录超过N次即可锁定账号，那么在mysql中能否也有这样的功能呢？答案是MySQL也有类似这样的功能，只不过在MySQL中是在其登录失败超过阀值后，延迟响应时间，而不是锁定账号，在MySQL 5.6.35以后提供了Connection-Control插件用来控制客户端在登录操作连续失败一定次数后的响应延迟。该插件可有效的防止客户端暴力登录的风险(攻击)。该插件包含以下2个组件
· CONNECTION_CONTROL：用来控制登录失败的次数及延迟响应时间
· CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS：该表将登录失败的操作记录至IS库中
下面我们介绍一下Connection-Control Plugins，下面实验的版本为MySQL 8.0.18。
首先查看系统变量plugin_dir，找到插件（Plugins）所在的路径，如下所示
mysql> select version() from dual;
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 8.0.18 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like \'plugin_dir\';
+---------------+--------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |+---------------+--------------------------+
| plugin_dir | /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ |
+---------------+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
[root@KerryDB ~]# cd /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/
[root@KerryDB plugin]# ls -lrt
total 76388
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 106696 Sep 20 2019 rewrite_example.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 104432 Sep 20 2019 mysql_no_login.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 111464 Sep 20 2019 mypluglib.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 106648 Sep 20 2019 auth_socket.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 163560 Sep 20 2019 adt_null.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 409032 Sep 20 2019 validate_password.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 9054776 Sep 20 2019 libpluginmecab.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 344696 Sep 20 2019 authentication_ldap_sasl_client.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1145832 Sep 20 2019 rewriter.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 625944 Sep 20 2019 ha_example.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 388992 Sep 20 2019 semisync_slave.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 32368 Sep 20 2019 component_log_sink_json.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 235200 Sep 20 2019 component_audit_api_message_emit.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 494720 Sep 20 2019 keyring_udf.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 149280 Sep 20 2019 component_log_sink_syseventlog.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1446024 Sep 20 2019 semisync_master.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2277480 Sep 20 2019 mysql_clone.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1231376 Sep 20 2019 libmemcached.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 454096 Sep 20 2019 component_mysqlbackup.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 193336 Sep 20 2019 component_log_filter_dragnet.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1177352 Sep 20 2019 ha_mock.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 83936 Sep 20 2019 locking_service.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1269784 Sep 20 2019 connection_control.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1280936 Sep 20 2019 innodb_engine.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 442304 Sep 20 2019 component_validate_password.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1206024 Sep 20 2019 version_token.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2338880 Sep 20 2019 keyring_file.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2031912 Sep 20 2019 ddl_rewriter.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 49246400 Sep 20 2019 group_replication.so
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Nov 6 2019 debug
安装插件
mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN CONNECTION_CONTROL SONAME \'connection_control.so\';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS SONAME \'connection_control.so\';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
检查是否安装成功
mysql> show plugins;
mysql> SELECT PLUGIN_NAME, PLUGIN_LIBRARY, PLUGIN_STATUS, LOAD_OPTION -> FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PLUGINS -> WHERE PLUGIN_LIBRARY = \'CONNECTION_CONTROL.SO\';
+------------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------------+-------------+
| PLUGIN_NAME | PLUGIN_LIBRARY | PLUGIN_STATUS | LOAD_OPTION |
+------------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------------+-------------+
| CONNECTION_CONTROL | connection_control.so | ACTIVE | FORCE |
| CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS | connection_control.so | ACTIVE | FORCE |
+------------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------------+-------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
设置系统变量
mysql> show variables like \'connection_control%\';
+-------------------------------------------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value |+-------------------------------------------------+------------+
| connection_control_failed_connections_threshold | 3 |
| connection_control_max_connection_delay | 2147483647 |
| connection_control_min_connection_delay | 1000 |
+-------------------------------------------------+------------+
connection_control_failed_connections_threshold #登陆失败次数限制,默认值为3
connection_control_max_connection_delay #限制重试时间最大值，单位为毫秒( milliseconds)，默认值2147483647
connection_control_min_connection_delay #限制重试时间最小值，单位为毫秒( milliseconds)，默认值为1000毫秒，也就是1秒
注意事项：
1：connection_control_min_connection_delay的值必须小于connection_control_max_connection_delay，connection_control_max_connection_delay不能小于connection_control_min_connection_delay的值。
mysql> set global connection_control_min_connection_delay=60000;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
注意，命令方式设置全局系统变量在服务器重启后丢失，所以最好的方式在参数文件my.cnf设置全局系统变量
-- 配置文件增加以下配置
[mysqld]
plugin-load-add = connection_control.so #不是必须connection-control = FORCE #不是必须connection-control-failed-login-attempts = FORCE #不是必须connection_control_min_connection_delay = 60000
connection_control_max_connection_delay = 1800000
connection_control_failed_connections_threshold = 3
三次连续输错密码后，就会在第四次输入密码后挂起
[root@lnx02 ~]# mysql -h 10.20.57.24 -u test -pEnter password:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user \'test\'@\'192.168.27.180\' (using password: YES)
[root@lnx02 ~]# mysql -h 10.20.57.24 -u test -pEnter password:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user \'test\'@\'192.168.27.180\' (using password: YES)
[root@lnx02 ~]# mysql -h 10.20.57.24 -u test -pEnter password:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user \'test\'@\'192.168.27.180\' (using password: YES)
[root@lnx02 ~]# mysql -h 10.20.57.24 -u test -pEnter password:
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