搭建Redis服务器

Posted 2021-02-16 IT资料群1085043784

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1 案例1：搭建Redis服务器

1.1 问题

具体要求如下：
在主机 192.168.4.51 上安装并启用 redis 服务
设置变量test，值为123
查看变量test的值

1.2 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：搭建redis服务器

1）安装redis服务器

[[email protected] ~]# cd redis
[[email protected] redis]# ls
lnmp redis-4.0.8.tar.gz
[[email protected] redis]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make
[[email protected] redis]# tar -zxf redis-4.0.8.tar.gz
[[email protected] redis]# cd redis-4.0.8/
[[email protected] redis-4.0.8]# ls
00-RELEASENOTES CONTRIBUTING deps Makefile README.md runtest runtest-sentinel src utils
BUGS COPYING INSTALL MANIFESTO redis.conf runtest-cluster sentinel.conf tests
[[email protected] redis-4.0.8]# make
[[email protected] redis-4.0.8]# make install
[[email protected] redis-4.0.8]# cd utils/
[[email protected] utils]# ./install_server.sh
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server
Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379]
Selecting default: 6379
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf]
Selected default - /etc/redis/6379.conf
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log]
Selected default - /var/log/redis_6379.log
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379]
Selected default - /var/lib/redis/6379
Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/bin/redis-server]
Selected config:
Port : 6379 //端口号
Config file : /etc/redis/6379.conf //配置文件目录
Log file : /var/log/redis_6379.log //日志目录
Data dir : /var/lib/redis/6379 //数据库目录
Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-server //启动程序的目录
Cli Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-cli //命令行的连接工具
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort. //回车完成配置
Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379 //服务启动脚本
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
Starting Redis server...
Installation successful! //安装成功

2）查看状态

[[email protected] utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 status
Redis is running (15203)

3）查看监听的端口

[[email protected] utils]# netstat -antupl |grep :6379
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 15203/redis-server
[[email protected] utils]# ps -C redis-server
PID TTY TIME CMD
15203 ? 00:00:00 redis-server

4）停止服务

[[email protected] utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop
Stopping ...
Waiting for Redis to shutdown ...
Redis stopped
[[email protected] utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 status
//再次查看，显示没有那个文件或目录
cat: /var/run/redis_6379.pid: No such file or directory
Redis is running ()

5）连接redis

[[email protected] utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 start
Starting Redis server...
[[email protected] utils]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> ping
PONG //PONG说明服务正常

6）?设置变量test，值为123，查看变量test的值

常用指令操作：

set keyname keyvalue 存储

get keyname 获取

127.0.0.1:6379> set test 123
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"123"

del keyname 删除变量

127.0.0.1:6379> set k1 v1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get k1
"v1"
127.0.0.1:6379> del k1
(integer) 1

keys * 打印所有变量

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "test"

EXISTS keyname 测试是否存在

127.0.0.1:6379> exists k1
(integer) 0

type keyname 查看类型

127.0.0.1:6379> set k2 v1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> type k2
string

move keyname dbname 移动变量

127.0.0.1:6379> move k2 1 //移动k2到1库
(integer) 1

select 数据库编号0-15 切换库

127.0.0.1:6379> select 1 //切换到1库
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys * //查看有k2
1) "k2"

expire keyname 10 设置有效时间

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> EXPIRE k2 10
(integer) 1

ttl keyname 查看生存时间

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl k2

flushall 删除所有变量

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> FLUSHALL
OK

save 保存所有变量

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> save
OK

shutdown 关闭redis服务

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> SHUTDOWN

2 案例3：修改Redis服务运行参数

2.1 问题

具体要求如下：
端口号 6351
IP地址 192.168.4.51
连接密码 123456
客户端连接Redis服务

2.2 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：修改redis运行参数

1）

[[email protected] utils]# cp /etc/redis/6379.conf /root/6379.conf
//可以先备份一份，防止修改错误没法还原
[[email protected] utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop
[[email protected] utils]# vim /etc/redis/6379.conf
...
bind 192.168.4.51 //设置服务使用的ip
port 6351 //更改端口号
requirepass 123456 //设置密码
[[email protected] utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 start
Starting Redis server...
[[email protected] utils]# ss -antul | grep 6351 //查看有端口6351
tcp LISTEN 0 128 192.168.4.51:6351 *:*

由于修改了配置文件所以在连接的时候需要加上ip和端口

[[email protected] utils]# redis-cli -h 192.168.4.51 -p 6351
192.168.4.51:6351> ping
(error) NOAUTH Authentication required.
192.168.4.51:6351> auth 123456 //输入密码才能操作（因为之前设置过密码）
OK
192.168.4.51:6351> ping
PONG

还可以直接在命令行输入密码连接

[[email protected] utils]# redis-cli -h 192.168.4.51 -p 6351 -a 123456
192.168.4.51:6351> ping
PONG

2）停止服务

由于修改Redis服务运行参数，所以在停止服务的时候也不能用默认的方法停止

[[email protected] utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop //停止失败
Stopping ...
Could not connect to Redis at 127.0.0.1:6379: Connection refused
Waiting for Redis to shutdown ...
Waiting for Redis to shutdown ...
Waiting for Redis to shutdown ...
Waiting for Redis to shutdown ...
...
[[email protected] utils]# redis-cli -h 192.168.4.51 -p 6351 -a 123456 shutdown
//停止成功
[[email protected] utils]# ss -antul | grep 6351 //查看没有端口

3 案例2：部署LNMP+Redis

3.1 问题

具体要求如下：
在主机 192.168.4.52 上部署LNMP 环境
把数据存储到本机的redis服务中

3.2 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：部署LNMP+Redis

1）安装redis，（不会搭建的请参考案例1）

2）安装php支持的功能模块（52上面操作）

[[email protected] utils]# which php
/usr/bin/which: no php in (/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin)
[[email protected] utils]# php -m
bash: php: command not found...
[[email protected] utils]# yum -y install php-cli
[[email protected] utils]# which php
/usr/bin/php
[[email protected] utils]# php -m
[PHP Modules]
bz2
calendar
Core
ctype
curl
date
ereg
exif
fileinfo
filter
ftp
gettext
gmp
hash
iconv
json
libxml
mhash
openssl
pcntl
pcre
Phar
readline
Reflection
session
shmop
SimpleXML
sockets
SPL
standard
tokenizer
xml
zip
zlib
[Zend Modules]

3）安装连接redis的功能模块

[[email protected] utils]# php -m | grep -i redis //没有redis模块
[[email protected] redis]# cd lnmp/
[[email protected] lnmp]# ls
nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
php-devel-5.4.16-42.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-fpm-5.4.16-42.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-redis-2.2.4.tar.gz
[[email protected] lnmp]# tar -zxf php-redis-2.2.4.tar.gz
[[email protected] lnmp]# cd phpredis-2.2.4/
[[email protected] phpredis-2.2.4]# which phpize
/usr/bin/phpize
[[email protected] phpredis-2.2.4]# phpize
Can‘t find PHP headers in /usr/include/php
The php-devel package is required for use of this command.
[[email protected] phpredis-2.2.4]# yum -y install autoconf automake pcre-devel
[[email protected] phpredis-2.2.4]# cd ..
[[email protected] lnmp]# rpm -ivh php-devel-5.4.16-42.el7.x86_64.rpm
[[email protected] lnmp]# cd phpredis-2.2.4/
[[email protected] phpredis-2.2.4]# phpize //生成一个php的文件
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version: 20100412
Zend Module Api No: 20100525
Zend Extension Api No: 220100525
[[email protected] phpredis-2.2.4]# find / -name "php-config"
/usr/bin/php-config
[[email protected] phpredis-2.2.4]# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config
//指定模块编译的路径
[[email protected] phpredis-2.2.4]# make && make install
...
Installing shared extensions: /usr/lib64/php/modules/ //模块文件存放的路径
[[email protected] phpredis-2.2.4]# ls /usr/lib64/php/modules/
curl.so fileinfo.so json.so phar.so redis.so zip.so
[[email protected] phpredis-2.2.4]# vim /etc/php.ini
728 extension_dir = "/usr/lib64/php/modules/"
729 ; On windows:
730 extension = "redis.so"
[[email protected] phpredis-2.2.4]# php -m | grep -i redis
redis //出现redis

4）安装nginx（52上面操作）

[[email protected] ~]# cd redis/lnmp/
[[email protected] lnmp]# ls
nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[[email protected] lnmp]# tar -xf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[[email protected] lnmp]# cd nginx-1.12.2/
[[email protected] nginx-1.12.2]# yum -y install gcc pcre-devel openssl-devel
[[email protected] nginx-1.12.2]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nginx
[[email protected] nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module
[[email protected] nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install
[[email protected] nginx-1.12.2]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /sbin/
[[email protected] nginx-1.12.2]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
[[email protected] html]# echo "aa" > text.html
[[email protected] html]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-devel php php-mysql
[[email protected] html]# cd /root/redis/lnmp/
[roo[email protected] lnmp]# rpm -ivh php-fpm-5.4.16-42.el7.x86_64.rpm //安装php
[[email protected] lnmp]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
[[email protected] html]# vim test.php
<?php
$i=33;
$j=44;
if($i<$j){
echo "oK";
}
else{
echo "error";
}
#echo $i;
?>
[[email protected] html]# php test.php //在命令行测试
oK
[[email protected] html]# systemctl restart mariadb
[[email protected] html]# systemctl restart php-fpm
[[email protected] html]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
...
location ~ .php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
#fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
...
[[email protected] html]# nginx //启动nginx
客户端用火狐浏览器访问：
[[email protected] ~]# firefox 192.168.4.56/text.html //成功
[[email protected] ~]# firefox 192.168.4.56/test.php //成功

5）连接redis测试

[[email protected] html]# vim lkredis.php
<?php
$redis = new redis();
$redis->connect(‘192.168.4.51‘,6351);
$redis ->auth("123456");
$redis->set("redistest","666666");
echo $redis->get("redistest");
?>
[[email protected] html]# php lkredis.php //命令行测试
666666

火狐浏览器测试，如图-1所示：

图-1

在51上面查看，有数据存入

[[email protected] lnmp]# redis-cli -h 192.168.4.51 -p 6351 -a 123456
192.168.4.51:6351> ping
PONG
192.168.4.51:6351> keys *
1) "redistest"
192.168.4.51:6351> get redistest
"666666"
192.168.4.51:6351>

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