centos7下使用mysql离线安装包安装mysql5.7
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服务器环境：
centos7 x64
需要安装mysql5.7+
一、卸载CentOS7系统自带mariadb
# 查看系统自带的Mariadb [[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 # 卸载系统自带的Mariadb [[email protected] ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 # 删除etc目录下的my.cnf [[email protected] ~]# rm /etc/my.cnf
二、检查mysql是否存在
# 检查mysql是否存在 [[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql [[email protected] ~]#
三、查看用户和组是否存在
1）检查mysql组合用户是否存在
# 检查mysql组和用户是否存在，如无则创建 [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
# 查询全部用户（只是做记录，没必要执行）
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/passwd|grep -v nologin|grep -v halt|grep -v shutdown|awk -F ":" ‘{print $1 "|" $3 "1" $4}‘ | more root|010 sync|510 flume|9921989 hdfs|9911988 zookeeper|9891986 llama|9881985 httpfs|9871984 mapred|9861983 sqoop|9851982 yarn|9841981 kms|9831980 hive|9821979 oozie|9801977 hbase|9781975 impala|9761973 hue|9741971 wlaqzc2018|100111001 [root@CDH-141 mysql]#
2）若不存在，则创建mysql组和用户
# 创建mysql用户组 [[email protected] ~]# groupadd mysql # 创建一个用户名为mysql的用户，并加入mysql用户组 [[email protected] ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql # 制定password 为111111 [[email protected] ~]# passwd mysql Changing password for user mysql. New password: BAD PASSWORD: The password is a palindrome Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
四、下载mysql离线安装包tar文件
官网下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
版本选择，可以选择一下两种方式：
1）使用Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Select Version:5.7.25
Select Operating System:Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux
Select OS Version:Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86, 64-bit)
列表中下载：
Compressed TAR Archive：(mysql-5.7.25-el7-x86_64.tar.gz)
2）使用Linux - Generic
Select Version:5.7.25
Select Operating System:Linux - Generic
Select OS Version:Linux - Generic (glibc 2.12) (x86, 64-bit)
列表中下载：
Compressed TAR Archive：(mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz)【本文中使用的是这个版本】
注意：上边两种方式找mysql离线安装包的方式都可以。
五、上传第四步下载的mysql TAR包
# 进入/usr/local/文件夹 [[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/ # 上传mysql TAR包 [[email protected] local]# rz # 解压mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [[email protected] local]# ls bin full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS include lib64 mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz share etc games lib libexec sbin src [root@CDH-141 local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz mysql-5.7.25-lin ... mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/share/install_rewriter.sql mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/share/uninstall_rewriter.sql mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/support-files/magic mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/support-files/mysql.server mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/docs/INFO_BIN mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/docs/INFO_SRC [root@CDH-141 local]# ls bin full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS include lib64 mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz share etc games lib libexec mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 sbin src # 进入/usr/local下，修改为mysql [[email protected] local]# mv mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql [[email protected] local]# ls bin etc full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS games include lib lib64 libexec mysql mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz sbin share src
六、更改所属的组和用户
# 更改所属的组和用户 [[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/ [[email protected] local]# chown -R mysql mysql/ [[email protected] local]# chgrp -R mysql mysql/ [[email protected] local]# cd mysql/ [[email protected] mysql]# mkdir data [[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
七、在/etc下创建my.cnf文件
# 进入/usr/local/mysql文件夹下 [[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql # 创建my.cnf文件 [[email protected] mysql]# touch my.cnf #或者cd ‘‘>my.conf # 编辑my.cnf [[email protected] mysql]# vi my.conf [mysql] socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # set mysql client default chararter default-character-set=utf8 [mysqld] socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # set mysql server port port = 3323 #默认是3306，这里发现3306已经被占用，因此防止这种情况发生，可以避免使用3306mysql默认端口 # set mysql install base dir basedir=/usr/local/mysql # set the data store dir datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data # set the number of allow max connnection max_connections=200 # set server charactre default encoding character-set-server=utf8 # the storage engine default-storage-engine=INNODB lower_case_table_names=1 max_allowed_packet=16M explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true [mysql.server] user=mysql basedir=/usr/local/mysql [root@CDH-141 mysql]#
八、进入mysql文件夹，并安装mysql
# 进入mysql [[email protected] local]# cd /usr/local/mysql # 安装mysql [[email protected] mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ 2019-03-08 18:11:07 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize 2019-03-08 18:11:24 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn‘t empty: 2019-03-08 18:11:24 [WARNING] 2019-03-08T10:11:07.208602Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
设置文件及目录权限：
[[email protected] mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [[email protected] mysql]# chown 777 my.cnf [[email protected] mysql]# ls bin COPYING data docs include lib man my.cnf README share support-files [root@CDH-141 mysql]# ls -l total 60 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 8 15:56 bin -rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 17987 Dec 21 18:39 COPYING drwxr-x--- 5 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 8 16:21 data drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 8 15:56 docs drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 8 15:56 include drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Mar 8 15:56 lib drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Mar 8 15:56 man -rw-r--r-- 1 777 root 516 Mar 8 16:19 my.cnf -rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 2478 Dec 21 18:39 README drwxr-xr-x 28 root root 4096 Mar 8 15:56 share drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 8 15:56 support-files [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld [[email protected] mysql]# [[email protected] mysql]# mkdir data [[email protected] mysql]# [[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data [[email protected] mysql]#
九、启动mysql
# 启动mysql [[email protected] mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart MySQL server PID file could not be found![FAILED] Starting MySQL.Logging to ‘/usr/local/mysql/data/CDH-141.err‘. ..The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/CDH-141.pid).[FAILED] [root@CDH-141 mysql]#
出现错误，解决方案如下：
#找到是否已经有进程占用 [[email protected] mysql]# ps aux|grep mysql root 32483 0.0 0.0 113252 1620 pts/0 S 18:04 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/CDH-141.pid mysql 32684 0.1 0.1 1119892 178224 pts/0 Sl 18:04 0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=CDH-141.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/CDH-141.pid --port=3323 root 35137 0.0 0.0 112648 944 pts/0 S+ 18:12 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql #关闭进程 [[email protected] mysql]# kill -9 32684 [[email protected] mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 198: 32684 Killed nohup /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=CDH-141.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/CDH-141.pid --port=3323 < /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1 #确认是否还占用 [[email protected] mysql]# ps aux|grep mysql root 35501 0.0 0.0 112644 948 pts/0 S+ 18:13 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql [root@CDH-141 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart MySQL server PID file could not be found![FAILED] Starting MySQL..[ OK ] [root@CDH-141 mysql]# # 重启mysql [[email protected] mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart Shutting down MySQL..[ OK ] Starting MySQL..[ OK ] [root@CDH-141 mysql]#
十、设置开机启动
#设置开机启动 [[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on [[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native systemd configuration. If you want to list systemd services use ‘systemctl list-unit-files‘. To see services enabled on particular target use ‘systemctl list-dependencies [target]‘. mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld [[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld [[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native systemd configuration. If you want to list systemd services use ‘systemctl list-unit-files‘. To see services enabled on particular target use ‘systemctl list-dependencies [target]‘. mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off [root@CDH-141 mysql]# service mysqld status MySQL running (26122)[ OK ] [root@CDH-141 mysql]#
十一、修改配置文件
# 进入/etc/profile文件夹 [[email protected] mysql]# vim /etc/profile 修改/etc/profile，在最后添加如下内容 # 修改/etc/profile文件 #set mysql environment export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin # 使文件生效 [[email protected] mysql]# source /etc/profile
十二、获得mysql初始密码
1）获得mysql初始密码
[[email protected] mysql]# cat /root/.mysql_secret # Password set for user ‘[email protected]‘ at 2019-03-08 17:40:42 poc3u0mO_luv [root@CDH-141 mysql]#
2）修改密码
[[email protected] mysql]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: #此处填写上边获取到的初始密码‘poc3u0mO_luv’ Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.25 Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> set PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘123456‘); Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> exit Bye
3）验证新密码是否登录成功：
[[email protected] mysql]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: #此处输入新密码‘123456’ Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 4 Server version: 5.7.25 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> show tables; ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
十三、添加远程访问权限
# 添加远程访问权限 mysql> use mysql Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> update user set host=‘%‘ where user=‘root‘; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> select host,user from user; +-----------+---------------+ | host | user | +-----------+---------------+ | % | root | | localhost | mysql.session | | localhost | mysql.sys | +-----------+---------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
十四、重启mysql生效
# 重启mysql [[email protected] mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart Shutting down MySQL..[ OK ] Starting MySQL..[ OK ] [root@CDH-141 mysql]#
参考《CentOS7.4安装配置mysql5.7 TAR免安装版》
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