sql server 语句获取表的描述，主键等等

Posted 2021-02-05 Sealee

sql语句添加表,字段的描述

描述类型全部设置为：MS_Description

--添加表的描述
--格式如右：execute sp_addextendedproperty \'MS_Description\',\'字段备注信息\',\'user\',\'dbo\',\'table\',\'字段所属的表名\',\'column\',\'添加注释的字段名\';

--添加表描述
EXECUTE sp_addextendedproperty \'C\', \'课程表\', \'user\', \'dbo\', \'table\', \'Course\',NULL, NULL;
    
--添加字段描述
EXECUTE sp_addextendedproperty \'MS_Description\', \'课程ID\', \'user\', \'dbo\',\'table\', \'Course\', \'column\', \'CourseId\';

 

或者：右键表（列）的属性，找到扩展属性

 

①获取表名

 

--查询所有的表名称
SELECT name FROM  sys.objects obj WHERE obj.type=\'U\'; -- xtype:类型可以区分表,视图,存储过程,函数等等

 

 

②获取表的描述  sys.extended_properties  这张表存的扩展描述

 

SELECT  obj.name 表名 ,
        ds.value 描述
FROM    sys.extended_properties ds
        LEFT JOIN sys.objects obj ON ds.major_id = obj.object_id
WHERE   ds.minor_id = 0
        AND obj.name = \'Course\';

 

 

 

最后整理：

--最后整理
SELECT obj.name,
       se.value
FROM sys.objects obj
    LEFT JOIN [sys].[extended_properties] se
        ON obj.object_id = se.major_id
           AND se.minor_id = 0
WHERE obj.type = \'U\';

 

③获取表的主键信息

--表 sys.indexes
SELECT * FROM sys.indexes  WHERE is_primary_key = 1   AND object_id =Object_Id(\'Course\')

 

--最后整理
SELECT obj.name,
       CAST(CASE
                WHEN
                (
                   SELECT COUNT(1) FROM sys.indexes  WHERE is_primary_key = 1   AND object_id =obj.object_id
                ) >= 1 THEN
                    1
                ELSE
                    0
            END AS BIT) AS HasPrimaryKey
FROM sys.objects obj
WHERE obj.type = \'U\';

 

 ④获取主键的类型和名称

--得到表的主键列id
SELECT sc.column_id
FROM sys.indexes si
    INNER JOIN sys.index_columns sc
        ON si.index_id = sc.index_id
           AND si.object_id = sc.object_id
WHERE si.is_primary_key = 1
      AND si.object_id = OBJECT_ID(\'Course\');

 

 --获取主键类型和名称
SELECT TOP 1
       colm.name AS TablePrimarkeyType,
       systype.name AS TablePrimarkeyName
FROM sys.columns colm
    INNER JOIN sys.types systype
        ON colm.system_type_id = systype.system_type_id
WHERE colm.object_id = OBJECT_ID(\'Course\')
      AND colm.column_id IN (
                                SELECT ic.column_id
                                FROM sys.indexes idx
                                    INNER JOIN sys.index_columns ic
                                        ON idx.index_id = ic.index_id
                                           AND idx.object_id = ic.object_id
                                WHERE idx.object_id = OBJECT_ID(\'Course\')
                                      AND idx.is_primary_key = 1
                            );

 

 --整理
SELECT obj.name,
       t.TablePrimarkeyType,
       t.TablePrimarkeyName
FROM sys.objects obj
    OUTER APPLY
(
    SELECT TOP 1
           colm.name AS TablePrimarkeyType,
           systype.name AS TablePrimarkeyName
    FROM sys.columns colm
        INNER JOIN sys.types systype
            ON colm.system_type_id = systype.system_type_id
    WHERE colm.object_id = obj.object_id
          AND colm.column_id IN (
                                    SELECT ic.column_id
                                    FROM sys.indexes idx
                                        INNER JOIN sys.index_columns ic
                                            ON idx.index_id = ic.index_id
                                               AND idx.object_id = ic.object_id
                                    WHERE idx.object_id = obj.object_id
                                          AND idx.is_primary_key = 1
                                )
) t
WHERE obj.type = \'U\';

 

 

 ⑤最终结果：

 

--获取表的结构  表名，拥有着，行数，是否拥有主键，表描述，表的主键，表的主键名称
SELECT obj.name Tablename,
       schem.name Schemname,
       idx.rows,
       CAST(CASE
                WHEN
                (
                    SELECT COUNT(1)
                    FROM sys.indexes
                    WHERE object_id = obj.object_id
                          AND is_primary_key = 1
                ) >= 1 THEN
                    1
                ELSE
                    0
            END AS BIT) HasPrimaryKey,
        b.value  TableDesc,
        t.*
FROM sys.objects obj
    INNER JOIN sysindexes idx   --行数
        ON obj.object_id = idx.id
           AND idx.indid <= 1
    INNER JOIN sys.schemas schem   --架构
        ON obj.schema_id = schem.schema_id
    LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties b  --描述
        ON obj.object_id = b.major_id 
           AND b.minor_id = 0  AND b.name=\'MS_Description\'
    OUTER APPLY  --主键名称和类型
(
    SELECT TOP 1
           colm.name AS TablePrimarkeyType,
           systype.name AS TablePrimarkeyName
    FROM sys.columns colm
        INNER JOIN sys.types systype
            ON colm.system_type_id = systype.system_type_id
    WHERE colm.object_id = obj.object_id
          AND colm.column_id IN (
                                    SELECT ic.column_id
                                    FROM sys.indexes idx
                                        INNER JOIN sys.index_columns ic
                                            ON idx.index_id = ic.index_id
                                               AND idx.object_id = ic.object_id
                                    WHERE idx.object_id = obj.object_id
                                          AND idx.is_primary_key = 1
                                )
) t
WHERE obj.type = \'U\'
-- AND obj.name LIKE \'My_%\'
ORDER BY obj.name;