MySQL安装步骤

Posted 2021-02-04 留有痕迹～

mysql安装步骤

• 安装依赖包

yum -y install autoconf automake libtool cmake ncurses-devel openssl-devel lzo-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++

• 下载相应源码包

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.12.tar.gz

• 添加用户

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql

• 解压安装包

  比如这里的路径是 /usr/local/install_package

tar zxvf mysql-5.7.12.tar.gz

• 编译安装

  在下载目录解压完，可以执行编译命令了，我这里准备安装mysql到/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12。-DWITH_BOOST命令指的是 boost 的目录

cd /usr/local/install_package/mysql-5.7.12
cmake .  -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12  -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/data  -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1  -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/data/boost_1_59_0  -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc  -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1  -DENABLE_DTRACE=0  -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4  -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci  -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1

以上命令执行完毕后开始安装：

 make
 make install

• 配置开机自启动

cp /usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on

• 配置/etc/my.cnf 仅供参考，可以不配，用默认的。

[client]
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8mb4
 
[mysqld]
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
 
basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12
datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/data
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/data/mysql.pid
user=mysql
bind-address=0.0.0.0
server-id=1
 
init-connect=‘SET NAMES utf8mb4‘
character-set-server=utf8mb4
 
#skip-name-resolve
#skip-networking
back_log=300
 
max_connections=1000
max_connect_errors=6000
open_files_limit=65535
table_open_cache=128
max_allowed_packet=4M
binlog_cache_size=1M
max_heap_table_size=8M
tmp_table_size=16M
 
read_buffer_size=2M
read_rnd_buffer_size=8M
sort_buffer_size=8M
join_buffer_size=8M
key_buffer_size=4M
 
thread_cache_size=8
 
query_cache_type=1
query_cache_size=8M
query_cache_limit=2M
 
ft_min_word_len=4
 
log_bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
expire_logs_days=30
 
log_error=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/log/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log=1
long_query_time=1
slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/log/mysql-slow.log
 
performance_schema=0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
 
#lower_case_table_names=1
 
skip-external-locking
 
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
#default-storage-engine=MyISAM
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_open_files=500
innodb_buffer_pool_size=64M
innodb_write_io_threads=4
innodb_read_io_threads=4
innodb_thread_concurrency=0
innodb_purge_threads=1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2
innodb_log_buffer_size=2M
innodb_log_file_size=32M
innodb_log_files_in_group=3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=120
 
bulk_insert_buffer_size=8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size=8M
myisam_max_sort_file_size=10G
myisam_repair_threads=1
 
interactive_timeout=28800
wait_timeout=28800
 
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet=16M
 
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size=8M
sort_buffer_size=8M
read_buffer=4M
write_buffer=4M
EOF

• 数据初始化

  –-initialize-insecure 不生成随机密码

/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/data

• 启动数据库

service mysqld start

• 修改root密码

update mysql.user set password=password(‘123456‘) where User="root" and Host="localhost";
flush privileges; 
# 或者
update user set authentication_string=password(‘123456‘) where user=‘root‘;
flush privileges; 

• 设置外网可以访问

/etc/mysql/my.cnf 或 /etc/my.cnf
# 找到 bind-address  =127.0.0.1  将其注释掉；//作用是使得不再只允许本地访问；
重启mysql：/etc/init.d/mysql restart; 或  sudo service mysql restart;
登录mysql数据库：mysql -u root -p  输入密码
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select user,host from user;

如果没有"%"这个host值,就执行下面这两句:
mysql> update user set host=‘%‘ where user=‘root‘;
mysql> flush privileges;
或者也可以执行：
mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to [email protected]‘%‘  identified  by ‘root‘;
# 其中 第一个*表示数据库名；第二个*表示该数据库的表名；如果像上面那样 *.*的话表示所有到数据库下到所有表都允许访问；
‘%‘：表示允许访问到mysql的ip地址；当然你也可以配置为具体到ip名称；%表示所有ip均可以访问；