分布式爬虫 redis + mongodb +scrapy

Posted 2021-02-02 青春叛逆者

zhihuspider.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json

import scrapy
from scrapy import Request

from zhihuuser.items import ZhihuuserItem


class ZhihuspiderSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = \'zh\'

    # url=\'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/members/letitiachow?include=allow_message%2Cis_followed%2Cis_following%2Cis_org%2Cis_blocking%2Cemployments%2Canswer_count%2Cfollower_count%2Carticles_count%2Cgender%2Cbadge%5B%3F(type%3Dbest_answerer)%5D.topics\'
    allowed_domains = ["www.zhihu.com"]
    start_user = \'excited-vczh\'
    user_url = \'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/members/{user}?include={include}\'
    user_query=\'allow_message,is_followed,is_following,is_org,is_blocking,employments,answer_count,follower_count,articles_count,gender,badge[?(type=best_answerer)].topics\'
    # follows_url=\'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/members/excited-vczh/followees?include=\'
    follows_url = \'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/members/{user}/followees?include={include}&offset={offset}&limit={limit}\'
    follows_query = \'data[*].answer_count,articles_count,gender,follower_count,is_followed,is_following,badge[?(type=best_answerer)].topics\'
   #粉丝列表
    followers_url = \'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/members/{user}/followers?include={include}&offset={offset}&limit={limit}\'
    followers_query = \'data[*].answer_count,articles_count,gender,follower_count,is_followed,is_following,badge[?(type=best_answerer)].topics\'

    def start_requests(self):
        yield Request(self.user_url.format(user=self.start_user, include=self.user_query), self.parse_user)
        #自己本身信息
        yield Request(self.follows_url.format(user=self.start_user, include=self.follows_query, limit=20, offset=0),
                      self.parse_follows)
        #粉丝列表
        yield Request(self.followers_url.format(user=self.start_user, include=self.followers_query, limit=20, offset=0),
                      self.parse_followers)
    def parse_user(self, response):
        \'\'\'
        解析
        :param response:
        :return:
        \'\'\'
        # print(response.text)
        result = json.loads(response.text)
        item = ZhihuuserItem()

        for field in item.fields:
            if field in result.keys():#键名其中之一
                item[field] = result.get(field)#就返回item
        yield item

        yield Request(
            self.follows_url.format(user=result.get(\'url_token\'), include=self.follows_query, limit=20, offset=0),
            self.parse_follows)

        yield Request(
            self.followers_url.format(user=result.get(\'url_token\'), include=self.followers_query, limit=20, offset=0),
            self.parse_followers)
    def parse_follows(self, response):
        # print(response.text)
        results = json.loads(response.text)
    #判断分页是否结束
        if \'data\' in results.keys():
            for result in results.get(\'data\'):
                yield Request(self.user_url.format(user=result.get(\'url_token\'), include=self.user_query),
                              self.parse_user)

        if \'paging\' in results.keys() and results.get(\'paging\').get(\'is_end\') == False:
            next_page = results.get(\'paging\').get(\'next\')
            yield Request(next_page,
                          self.parse_follows)

    def parse_followers(self, response):
        results = json.loads(response.text)

        if \'data\' in results.keys():
            for result in results.get(\'data\'):
                yield Request(self.user_url.format(user=result.get(\'url_token\'), include=self.user_query),
                              self.parse_user)

        if \'paging\' in results.keys() and results.get(\'paging\').get(\'is_end\') == False:
            next_page = results.get(\'paging\').get(\'next\')
            yield Request(next_page,
                          self.parse_followers)

items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy
from scrapy import Field


class ZhihuuserItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = scrapy.Field()
    id = Field()
    name = Field()
    avatar_url = Field()
    headline = Field()
    description = Field()
    url = Field()
    url_token = Field()
    gender = Field()
    cover_url = Field()
    type = Field()
    badge = Field()

    answer_count = Field()
    articles_count = Field()
    commercial_question_count = Field()
    favorite_count = Field()
    favorited_count = Field()
    follower_count = Field()
    following_columns_count = Field()
    following_count = Field()
    pins_count = Field()
    question_count = Field()
    thank_from_count = Field()
    thank_to_count = Field()
    thanked_count = Field()
    vote_from_count = Field()
    vote_to_count = Field()
    voteup_count = Field()
    following_favlists_count = Field()
    following_question_count = Field()
    following_topic_count = Field()
    marked_answers_count = Field()
    mutual_followees_count = Field()
    hosted_live_count = Field()
    participated_live_count = Field()

    locations = Field()
    educations = Field()
    employments = Field()

pipeline.py

class MongoPipeline(object):

    def __init__(self, mongo_uri, mongo_db):
        self.mongo_uri = mongo_uri
        self.mongo_db = mongo_db

    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        return cls(
            mongo_uri=crawler.settings.get(\'MONGO_URI\'),
            mongo_db=crawler.settings.get(\'MONGO_DATABASE\')
        )

    def open_spider(self, spider):
        self.client = pymongo.MongoClient(self.mongo_uri)
        self.db = self.client[self.mongo_db]

    def close_spider(self, spider):
        self.client.close()

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        self.db[\'user\'].update({\'url_token\':item[\'url_token\']},{\'$set\':item},True)
        return item

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for zhihuuser project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = \'zhihuuser\'

SPIDER_MODULES = [\'zhihuuser.spiders\']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = \'zhihuuser.spiders\'


# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = \'zhihuuser (+http://www.yourdomain.com)\'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
  \'Accept\': \'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8\',
  \'Accept-Language\': \'en\',
\'User-Agent\': \'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36\'
}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    \'zhihuuser.middlewares.ZhihuuserSpiderMiddleware\': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    \'zhihuuser.middlewares.ZhihuuserDownloaderMiddleware\': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    \'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole\': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   \'zhihuuser.pipelines.MongoPipeline\': 300,
    \'scrapy_redis.pipelines.RedisPipeline\': 400
}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = \'httpcache\'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = \'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage\'

MONGO_URI=\'localhost\'
MONGO_DATABASE=\'Zhihu\'

SCHEDULER = "scrapy_redis.scheduler.Scheduler"
DUPEFILTER_CLASS = "scrapy_redis.dupefilter.RFPDupeFilter"

REDIS_URL = \'redis//root:password@ip:port
# 指定redis数据库的连接参数
# REDIS_PASS是我自己加上的redis连接密码
# REDIS_HOST = \'127.0.0.1\'
# REDIS_PORT = 6379
#REDIS_PASS = \'redisP@ssw0rd\'
# LOG等级
LOG_LEVEL = \'DEBUG\'

#默认情况下,RFPDupeFilter只记录第一个重复请求。将DUPEFILTER_DEBUG设置为True会记录所有重复的请求。
DUPEFILTER_DEBUG =True