oracle 11g安装

Posted 2020-08-24

硬件准备：物理内存至少为1G，linux虚拟机的容量为60G。

cat /etc/redhat-release 和uname -r  两个命令查看内核和版本，支持linux5/6   2.6.32-xxxxxx及以上版本。    安装过程中所需文件都放在附件里咯  

安装步骤：

1. 基本配置

   配置ip为10.0.0.1，用setup命令，之后重启网络服务

   关闭安全机制：

   [[email protected] ~]# setenforce 0

   [[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop

2. 修改主机名

    [[email protected] Desktop]#hostname jz

    [[email protected] Desktop]#vim /etc/sysconfig/network    //进入后修改为jz

    [[email protected] Desktop]#vim /etc/hosts?     //添加 10.0.0.1  jz

    [[email protected] Desktop]#init 6    //重启
   

3. 软件安装

   1.配置yum源

   2.安装以下软件：

       yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel

4. 建立用户和组

    [[email protected] ~]# groupadd oinstall

    [[email protected] ~]# useradd dba

    [[email protected] ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

    [[email protected] ~]# passwd oracle   //密码

5.创建oracle 11g的安装目录

     [[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /u01/11g

     [[email protected] ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/

     [[email protected] ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01

6.设置内核参数

   [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf

   [[email protected] ~]# tail -11 /etc/sysctl.conf    //末尾添加以下11行

    fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

    fs.file-max = 6815744

    kernel.shmall = 2097152

    kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

    kernel.shmmni = 4096

    kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

    net.core.rmem_default = 262144

    net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

    net.core.wmem_default = 262144

    net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

并注释掉或删除以下三行

    # net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables

    # net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables

    # net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables

    [[email protected] ~]# sysctl -p   //重新载入

7.设置环境变量

    [[email protected] ~]# vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile

    [[email protected] ~]# tail /home/oracle/.bash_profile    //在文件中添加以下6行

    # User specific environment and startup programs

     

    PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

     

    export PATH

    export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/11g

    export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0

    export ORACLE_SID=ora11g

    export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

    export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

    [[email protected] ~]# source /home/oracle/.bash_profile  //加载配置或oracle用户

8.设置PAM资源限制

    [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf

    [[email protected] ~]# tail -5 /etc/security/limits.conf    //末尾添加以下5行

    oracle soft nproc 2047

    oracle hard nproc 16384

    oracle soft nofile 1024

    oracle hard nofile 65536

    oracle soft stack 10240

9.安装0racle

  1.将软件copy到/home/oracle/目录下，如果空间不够大，解压后删除即可

    [[email protected] ~]# pwd

    /root

    [[email protected] ~]# cd /home/oracle/

    [[email protected] oracle]# ll

    total 2295600

    -rwxrw-rw-. 1 root root 1239269270 Sep  9 01:20 linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

    -rwxrw-rw-. 1 root root 1111416131 Sep  9 01:31 linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

    [[email protected] oracle]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip   //解压

    [[email protected] oracle]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip   //解压

   2.安装  

    [[email protected] database]# su - oracle

    [[email protected] ~]$ cd /home/oracle/database/

    [[email protected] database]$ ./runInstaller   //运行

    Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

如果出现问题：must be configured to display at least 256 colors //失败，需要设置256色

则切换到root下：su - root  执行以下两个命令

xhost +

Xdpyinfo

若不成功再在oracle目录下执行如下

export DISPLAY=:0.0

Xdpyinfo    成功即可

[[email protected] database]$ ./runInstaller   //再重新执行

进入图形化界面，按提示装，见pdf。当出现执行脚本的界面时，另开一个终端

    [[email protected] database]# cd /u01/oraInventory/

    [[email protected] oraInventory]# ll

    [[email protected] oraInventory]# ./orainstRoot.sh

    [[email protected] oraInventory]# cd /u01/11g/product/11.2.0/

    [[email protected] 11.2.0]# ll

    [[email protected] 11.2.0]# ./root.sh

上面命令执行后100%，点close即完成安装

测试

    [[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus

    Enter user-name: SYSTEM

    Enter password: 

     sql>

安装过程中如果出现代码为[INS-20802]的问题，只要点击ok，然后Retry重新加载下就好了。

第一次写博客，多多包涵，感谢提供文件的老师们。

                    愿你的付出终得回报