MHA-Atlas-MySQL高可用 上

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1.简介

 

1.1 软件介绍

  • MHA（Master High Availability）目前在mysql高可用方面是一个相对成熟的解决方案，作为MySQL高可用性环境下故障切换和主从提升的高可用软件。在MySQL故障切换过程中，MHA能做到0~30秒之内字段完成数据库的故障切换，并且在进行故障切换过程中MHA能最大程度保证数据库的一致性，以达到真正意义上的高可用。
  • MHA由两部分组成：MHA Manager（管理节点）和MHA Node（数据节点）。 
    MHA Manager可以独立部署在一台独立的机器上管理多个Master-Slave集群，也可以部署在一台Slave上。当Master出现故障时，它可以自动将最新数据的Slave提升为新的Master，然后将所有其他的Slave重新指向新的Master。整个故障转移过程对应程序是完全透明的。
 

1.2 工作流程

  • 从宕机崩溃的master保存二进制日志事件（binlog events）；

  • 识别含有最新更新的slave；

  • 应用差异的中继日志（relay log）到其他的slave；

  • 应用从master保存的二进制日志事件（binlog events）；

  • 提升一个slave为新的master；

  • 使其他的slave连接新的master进行复制；

1.复制主库binlog日志出来

2.找出relaylog日志最全的从库

3.将最全的relaylog日志在所有从库中同步（第一次数据同步）

4.将之前最全的那个从库提升为主库

5.将复制出来的binlog日志，放到新提升的主库里

6.其他所有从库重新指向新提升的主库，继续主从复制

 

1.3 MHA工具介绍

MHA软件由两部分组成，Manager工具包和Node工具包，如下：

 
  1. #Manager工具包主要包括以下几个工具：
  3. masterha_check_ssh #检查MHA的SSH配置状况
  4. masterha_check_repl #检查MySQL复制状况
  5. masterha_check_status #检测当前MHA运行状态
  6. masterha_master_monitor #检测master是否宕机
  7. masterha_manger #启动MHA
  8. masterha_master_switch #控制故障转移（自动或者手动）
  9. masterha_conf_host #添加或删除配置的server信息
  10. masterha_secondary_check #试图建立TCP连接从远程服务器
  11. masterha_stop #停止MHA
  13. #Node工具包主要包括以下几个工具：
  15. save_binary_logs #保存和复制master的二进制日志
  16. apply_diff_relay_logs #识别差异的中继日志事件
  17. filter_mysqlbinlog #去除不必要的ROLLBACK事件
  18. purge_relay_logs #清除中继日志
 

1.4 MHA架构图

技术分享图片

 

2.MySQL-MHA准备工作

 

2.1 实验环境：

主机名IP地址（NAT）描述
mysql-master eth0:192.168.200.131 系统：CentOS6.5（6.x都可以） 安装：mysql5.6
mysql-slaveA eth0:192.168.200.145 系统：CentOS6.5（6.x都可以） 安装：mysql5.6
mysql-slaveB eth0:192.168.200.146 系统：CentOS6.5（6.x都可以） 安装：mysql5.6
 

2.2 准备软件包

 

（1）mha管理节点安装包：

mha4mysql-manager-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm

mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz

 

（2）mha node节点安装包：

mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm

mha4mysql-node-0.56.tar.gz

 

（3） mysql中间件：

Atlas-2.2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

 

（4） mysql源码安装包

mysql-5.6.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar

 

2.3 主机名映射

 
  1. [[email protected] etc]# cat /etc/hosts
  2. 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
  3. ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
  4. 192.168.200.131 MySQL-Master
  5. 192.168.200.145 MySQL-SlaveA
  6. 192.168.200.146 MySQL-SlaveB
 

2.4 关闭selinux和iptables

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
  2. [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/selinux | grep -v "#"
  4. SELINUX=disabled
  5. SELINUXTYPE=targeted
  7. [[email protected] ~]# setenforce 0
  8. [[email protected] ~]# service iptables stop
  9. iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
  10. iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
  11. iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]
  12. [[email protected] ~]# chkconfig iptables off
 

3.Mysql环境搭建

 

3.1 环境检查

mysql-master

 
  1. #系统版本
  2. [[email protected] bin]# cat /etc/redhat-release
  3. CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
  4. [[email protected] bin]# uname -r
  5. 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64
  6. [[email protected] bin]# hostname -I
  7. 192.168.0.51

mysql-slaveA

 
  1. #系统版本
  2. [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
  3. CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
  4. [[email protected] ~]# uname -r
  5. 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64
  6. [[email protected] ~]# hostname -I
  7. 192.168.0.52

mysql-slaveB

 
  1. #系统版本
  2. [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
  3. CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
  4. [[email protected] ~]# uname -r
  5. 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64
  6. [[email protected] ~]# hostname -I
  7. 192.168.0.53
 

3.2 安装mysql

 

3.2.1 安装3台

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel libaio
  2. [[email protected] ~]# tar xf mysql-5.6.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
  3. [[email protected] ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
  4. [[email protected] ~]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M
  5. [[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
  6. [[email protected] ~]# /bin/cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
  7. [[email protected] ~]# /bin/cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
  8. [[email protected] ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
  9. [[email protected] ~]# which mysqladmin
  10. /usr/local/bin/mysqladmin
 

3.2.2 加入开启自启动mysql

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
  2. [[email protected] ~]# chkconfig mysqld --list
  3. mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
  4. [[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
  5. Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
 

3.2.3 配置密码

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin -uroot password ‘111111‘
 

4.配置基于FTID的主从复制

 

4.1 先决条件

  • 主库和从库都要开启binlog
  • 主库和从库server-id不同
  • 要有主从复制用户
 

4.2 主库操作（mysql-master）

 

4.2.1 修改配置文件

 
  1. #修改主库配置文件/etc/my.cnf
  2. [[email protected] mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf
  3. [client]
  4. socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
  5. [mysqld]
  6. lower_case_table_names = 1
  7. default-storage-engine = InnoDB
  8. port = 3306
  9. datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
  10. character-set-server = utf8
  11. socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
  13. log_bin = mysql-bin #开启binlog日志
  14. server_id = 1 #设置server_id
  16. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M
  17. slave-parallel-workers = 8
  18. thread_cache_size = 600
  19. back_log = 600
  20. slave_net_timeout = 60
  21. max_binlog_size = 512M
  22. key_buffer_size = 8M
  23. query_cache_size = 64M
  24. join_buffer_size = 2M
  25. sort_buffer_size = 2M
  26. query_cache_type = 1
  27. thread_stack = 192K
  29. #重启动MySQL服务
  30. [[email protected] mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
  31. Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
  32. Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
 

4.2.2 登陆MySQL删除不必要的用户并创建主从复制用户

（1）删除不必要的用户

 
  1. mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
  2. +------+-----------------------+
  3. | user | host |
  4. +------+-----------------------+
  5. | root | 127.0.0.1 |
  6. | root | ::1 |
  7. | | localhost |
  8. | root | localhost |
  9. | | localhost.localdomain |
  10. | root | localhost.localdomain |
  11. +------+-----------------------+
  12. 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  14. mysql> drop user [email protected]‘127.0.0.1‘;
  15. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  17. mysql> drop user [email protected]‘::1‘;
  18. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  20. mysql> drop user ‘ ‘@‘localhost‘;
  21. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  23. mysql> drop user ‘ ‘@‘mysql-db01‘;
  24. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  26. mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
  27. +------+-----------------------+
  28. | user | host |
  29. +------+-----------------------+
  30. | root | localhost |
  31. | root | localhost.localdomain |
  32. +------+-----------------------+
  33. 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(2）创建主从复制用户

 
  1. mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to [email protected]‘192.168.200.%‘ identified by ‘111111‘;
  2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  4. mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
  5. +------+------------------------+
  6. | user | host |
  7. +------+------------------------+
  8. | rep | 192.168.0.% |
  9. | root | localhost |
  10. | root | localhost.localdomain |
  11. +------+------------------------+
  12. 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  14. mysql> show grants for [email protected]‘192.168.0.%‘;
  15. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  16. | Grants for [email protected].168.200.% |
  17. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  18. | GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO ‘rep‘@‘192.168.200.%‘ IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD ‘*FD571203974BA9AFE270FE62151AE967ECA5E0AA‘ |
  19. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  20. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 

4.3 从库操作(mysql-slaveA和mysql-B)

 

4.3.1 修改配置文件

 
  1. #slaveA和slaveB 两个配置文件只有一处不一样，都是这个配置文件修改
  2. [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
  3. [client]
  4. socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
  5. [mysqld]
  6. lower_case_table_names = 1
  7. default-storage-engine = InnoDB
  8. port = 3306
  9. datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
  10. character-set-server = utf8
  11. socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
  13. log_bin = mysql-bin #从binlog也要打开
  14. server_id = 5 #仅需修改此项 A是5 B是10
  16. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M
  17. slave-parallel-workers = 8
  18. thread_cache_size = 600
  19. back_log = 600
  20. slave_net_timeout = 60
  21. max_binlog_size = 512M
  22. key_buffer_size = 8M
  23. query_cache_size = 64M
  24. join_buffer_size = 2M
  25. sort_buffer_size = 2M
  26. query_cache_type = 1
  27. thread_stack = 192K
  28. [[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart #重启mysql
  29. Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
  30. Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

特别说明： 
在以往如果是基于binlog日志的主从复制，则必须要记住主库的master状态信息。 
但是在MySQL5.6版本里多了一个Gtid的功能，可以自动记录主从复制位置点的信息，并在日志中输出出来。 
技术分享图片

 

4.4 开启GTID

 
  1. #没开启之前先看一下GTID状态
  2. mysql> show global variables like ‘%gtid%‘;
  3. +--------------------------+-------+
  4. | Variable_name | Value |
  5. +--------------------------+-------+
  6. | enforce_gtid_consistency | OFF |
  7. | gtid_executed | |
  8. | gtid_mode | OFF |
  9. | gtid_owned | |
  10. | gtid_purged | |
  11. +--------------------------+-------+
  12. 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

编辑mysql配置文件（主库从库都需要修改)

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
  3. [client]
  4. socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
  5. [mysqld]
  7. gtid_mode =ON #这行修改
  8. log_slave_updates #这行修改
  9. enforce_gtid_consistency #这行修改
  11. lower_case_table_names = 1
  12. default-storage-engine = InnoDB
  13. port = 3306
  14. datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
  15. character-set-server = utf8
  16. socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
  18. log_bin = mysql-bin
  19. server_id = 1
  21. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M
  22. slave-parallel-workers = 8
  23. thread_cache_size = 600
  24. back_log = 600
  25. slave_net_timeout = 60
  26. max_binlog_size = 512M
  27. key_buffer_size = 8M
  28. query_cache_size = 64M
  29. join_buffer_size = 2M
  30. sort_buffer_size = 2M
  31. query_cache_type = 1
  32. thread_stack = 192K

修改完配置文件以后重启动数据库(主从库都重启数据库)

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
  2. Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
  3. Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

再次查看GTID状态

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
  2. [[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
  3. Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
  4. Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
  5. [[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p111111
  6. Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
  7. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
  8. Your MySQL connection id is 1
  9. Server version: 5.6.17-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
  11. Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  13. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
  14. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
  15. owners.
  17. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement.
  19. mysql> show global variables like ‘%gtid%‘;
  20. +--------------------------+-------+
  21. | Variable_name | Value |
  22. +--------------------------+-------+
  23. | enforce_gtid_consistency | ON | #执行GTID一致
  24. | gtid_executed | |
  25. | gtid_mode | ON | #开启GTID模块
  26. | gtid_owned | |
  27. | gtid_purged | |
  28. +--------------------------+-------+
  29. 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  31. mysql>
 

4.5 配置主从复制(mysql-slaveA,mysql-slaveB)

 
  1. #告诉从库主库是谁
  2. mysql> change master to master_host=‘192.168.200.131‘,master_user=‘rep‘,master_password=‘111111‘,master_auto_position=1;
  3. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)
  5. mysql>
 

4.6 开启从库的主从复制功能（mysql-slaveA,mysql-slaveB）

 
  1. mysql> start slave; #开启主从同步功能
  2. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
  4. mysql> show slave statusG
  5. *************************** 1. row ***************************
  6. Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
  7. Master_Host: 192.168.200.131
  8. Master_User: rep
  9. Master_Port: 3306
  10. Connect_Retry: 60
  11. Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
  12. Read_Master_Log_Pos: 151
  13. Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
  14. Relay_Log_Pos: 361
  15. Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
  16. Slave_IO_Running: Yes #此项yes代表成功
  17. Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #此项yes代表成功
  18. Replicate_Do_DB:
  19. Replicate_Ignore_DB:
  20. Replicate_Do_Table:
  21. Replicate_Ignore_Table:
  22. #省略
 

4.7 什么是GTID

  • GTID（Global Transaction）全局事务标识符：是一个唯一的标识符，它创建并与源服务器（主）上提交的每个事务相关联。此标识符不仅对其发起的服务器是唯一的，而且在给定复制设置中的所有服务器上都是唯一的。所有交易和所有GTID之间都有1对1的映射。

  • GTID实际上是由UUID+TID组成的。其中UUID是一个MySQL实例的唯一标识。TID代表了该实例上已经提交的事务数量，并且随着事务提交单调递增。

  • GTID的具体形式：3E11FA47-71CA-11E1-9E33-C80AA9429562:23

 

4.8 GTID的新特性

（1）支持多线程复制：事实上是针对每个database开启相应的独立线程，即每个库有一个单独的（sql thread）

（2）支持启用GTID，在配置主从复制，传统的方式里，你需要找到binlog和POS点，然后change master to 指向。在mysql5.6里，无须再知道binlog和POS点，只需要知道master的IP/端口/账号密码即可，因为同步复制是自动的，MySQL通过内部机制GTID自动找点同步。

（3）基于Row复制只保存改变的列，大大节省磁盘空间，网络，内存等

（4）支持把Master和Slave的相关信息记录在Table中；原来是记录在文件里，现在则记录在表里，增强可用性

（5）支持延迟复制

 

4.9 开启方法

 
  1. #mysql配置文件：
  2. [mysqld]
  3. gtid_mode=ON
  4. enforce_gtid_consistency
  6. #查看
  7. show global variables like ‘%gtid%‘;
 

4.10 从库设置（mysql-slaveA,mysql-slaveB）

 
  1. #登陆从库
  2. [[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p111111
  4. #临时禁用自动删除relay log功能
  5. mysql> set global relay_log_purge = 0;
  6. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  8. #设置只读
  9. mysql> set global read_only=1;
  10. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

编辑配置文件/etc/my.cnf

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
  3. [client]
  4. socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
  5. [mysqld]
  7. relay_log_purge = 0 #永久禁用自动删除relay log功能
  9. gtid_mode = ON
  10. log_slave_updates
  11. enforce_gtid_consistency
  13. lower_case_table_names = 1
  14. default-storage-engine = InnoDB
  15. port = 3306
  16. #省略
 

5.部署MHA

 

5.1 环境准备（所有节点mysql-master,mysql-slaveA,mysql-alaveB）

 
  1. #光盘安装依赖包
  2. [[email protected] ~]# yum -y install perl-DBD-MySQL
  4. #安装mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm
  5. [[email protected] rpm]# rpm -ivh mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm
  6. Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
  7. 1:mha4mysql-node ########################################### [100%]
  9. [[email protected] rpm]# mysql -uroot -p111111
  10. Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
  11. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
  12. Your MySQL connection id is 3
  13. Server version: 5.6.17-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
  15. Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  17. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
  18. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
  19. owners.
  21. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement.
  23. mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to [email protected]‘192.168.200.%‘ identified by ‘111111‘;
  24. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  26. mysql> select user,host from mysql.user where user=‘mha‘;
  27. +------+---------------+
  28. | user | host |
  29. +------+---------------+
  30. | mha | 192.168.200.% | #主库上创建从库会自动复制
  31. +------+---------------+
  32. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  34. mysql>
 

5.2 部署管理节点（mha-manager）

 

5.2.1 在mysql-slaveB上部署管理节点

 
  1. #使用阿里云源+epel源
  2. wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
  3. wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-6.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
  5. #安装manager依赖包（需要公网源）
  6. [[email protected] rpm]# yum -y install perl-Config-Tiny epel-release perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-Time-HiRes
  8. #安装manager包
  9. [[email protected] rpm]# rpm -ivh mha4mysql-manager-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm
  10. Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
  11. 1:mha4mysql-manager ########################################### [100%]
 

5.2.2 编辑配置文件

 
  1. #创建配置文件目录
  2. [[email protected]-db03 ~]# mkdir -p /etc/mha
  4. #创建日志目录
  5. [[email protected]-db03 ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/mha/mha1
  7. #创建配置文件（默认没有）
  8. [[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/mha/
  9. [[email protected] mha]# ls
  10. [[email protected] mha]# vim /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
  11. [[email protected] mha]# cat /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
  12. [server default]
  13. manager_log=/var/log/mha/mha1/manager #manager管理日志存放路径
  14. manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/mha1 #manager管理日志的目录路径
  15. master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data #binlog日志的存放路径
  16. user=mha #管理账户
  17. password=111111 #管理账户密码
  18. ping_interval=2 #存活检查的间隔时间
  19. repl_user=rep #主从复制的授权账户
  20. repl_password=111111 #主从复制的授权账户密码
  21. ssh_user=root #用于ssh连接的账户
  23. [server1]
  24. hostname=192.168.200.131
  25. port=3306
  27. [server2]
  28. #candidate_master=1 #此条暂时注释掉（后面解释）
  29. #check_repl_delay=0 #此条暂时注释掉（后面解释）
  30. hostname=192.168.200.147
  31. port=3306
  33. [server3]
  34. hostname=192.168.200.148
  35. port=3306
  36. #参数：candidate_master=1
  37. #解释：设置为候选master，如果设置该参数以后，发生主从切换以后会将此从库提升为主库，即使这个主库不是集群中事件最新的slave
  38. #参数：check_repl_delay=0
  39. #解释：默认情况下如果一个slave落后master 100M的relay logs 的话，MHA将不会选择该slave作为一个新的master，因为对于这个slave的恢复需要花费很长时间，通过设置check_repl_delay=0,MHA触发切换在选择一个新的master的时候将会忽略复制延时，这个参数对于设置了candidate_master=1的主机非常有用，因为这个候选主在切换的过程中一定是新的master
 

5.3 配置ssh信任（所有节点mysql-master,mysql-slaveA,mysql-slaveB）

 
  1. #发送mysql-master公钥，包括自己
  2. [[email protected] rpm]# ssh-keygen -t dsa -P "" -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
  3. [[email protected] rpm]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub [email protected].168.200.131
  4. [[email protected] rpm]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub [email protected].168.200.147
  5. [[email protected] rpm]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub [email protected].168.200.148
  7. #发送mysql-slaveA公钥，包括自己
  8. [[email protected] rpm]# ssh-keygen -t dsa -P "" -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
  9. [[email protected] rpm]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub [email protected].168.200.131
  10. [[email protected] rpm]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub [email protected].168.200.147
  11. [[email protected] rpm]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub [email protected].168.200.148
  13. #发送mysql-slaveB公钥，包括自己
  14. [[email protected] rpm]# ssh-keygen -t dsa -P "" -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
  15. [[email protected] rpm]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub [email protected].168.200.131
  16. [[email protected] rpm]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub [email protected].168.200.147
  17. [[email protected] rpm]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub [email protected].168.200.148
 

5.4 启动测试

 

5.4.1 ssh检查检测

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf #ssh检查命令
  2. Tue Sep 5 03:01:38 2018 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping.
  3. Tue Sep 5 03:01:38 2018 - [info] Reading application default configuration from /etc/mha/mha1.cnf..
  4. Tue Sep 5 03:01:38 2018 - [info] Reading server configuration from /etc/mha/mha1.cnf..
  5. Tue Sep 5 03:01:38 2018 - [info] Starting SSH connection tests..
  6. ..中间省略若干行..
  7. Tue Sep 5 03:01:40 2018 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from [email protected].168.0.53(192.168.0.53:22) to [email protected].168.200.148(192.168.200.148:22)..
  8. Tue Sep 5 03:01:40 2018 - [debug] ok.
  9. Tue Sep 5 03:01:40 2018 - [info] All SSH connection tests passed successfully. #出现这个就表示成功
 

5.4.2 主从复制检测

（1）错误的主从复制检测

[[email protected] ~]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf 
如果出现下面截图错误 
技术分享图片

在mysql-db02和mysql-db03上添加主从复制的用户即可。 
grant replication slave on *.* to [email protected]‘192.168.200.%‘ identified by ‘111111‘; 
技术分享图片

 

5.5 启动MHA

 
  1. #启动
  2. [[email protected] ~]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/mha1/manager.log 2>&1 &
  3. [[email protected] .ssh]# ps -ef | grep perl | grep -v grep
  4. root 2879 959 0 00:35 pts/0 00:00:00 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover
  7. #说明：
  8. nohup:启动命令
  9. --conf：指定配置文件位置
  10. --remove_dead_master_conf：如果有master down了，就去掉配置文件里该master的部分。
 

5.6 进行mha自动切换master的测试

初始状态： 
技术分享图片

（1）登陆mysql-slaveA(192.168.200.147)查看信息状态

 
  1. [[email protected] .ssh]# mysql -uroot -p111111
  2. mysql> show slave statusG
  3. *************************** 1. row ***************************
  4. Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
  5. Master_Host: 192.168.200.131
  6. Master_User: rep
  7. Master_Port: 3306
  8. Connect_Retry: 60
  9. Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
  10. Read_Master_Log_Pos: 191
  11. Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000005
  12. Relay_Log_Pos: 401
  13. Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
  14. Slave_IO_Running: Yes
  15. Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
  16. Replicate_Do_DB:
  17. Replicate_Ignore_DB:
  18. Replicate_Do_Table:
  19. #省略

（2）停掉mysql-master(192.168.200.131)上的MySQL服务

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
  2. Shutting down MySQL..... SUCCESS!

（3）查看mysql-slaveB上的MySQL从库同步状态

 
  1. mysql> show slave statusG
  2. *************************** 1. row ***************************
  3. Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
  4. Master_Host: 192.168.200.147 #现在主库ip
  5. Master_User: rep
  6. Master_Port: 3306
  7. Connect_Retry: 60
  8. Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 #binlog日志
  9. Read_Master_Log_Pos: 231 #binlog日志位置
  10. Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000003
  11. Relay_Log_Pos: 401
  12. Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
  13. Slave_IO_Running: Yes
  14. Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

（4）查看mysql-slaveA上的MySQL，主库同步状态。 
技术分享图片

（5）查看mysql-slaveB上的mha进程状态

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# ps -ef | grep perl | grep -v grep #查询发现mha进程已经没了
  2. [[email protected] ~]#

（6）查看mha配置文件信息 
技术分享图片

 

5.7 进行mha的故障还原测试

初始状态： 
技术分享图片

（1）将故障宕机的mysql-master的MySQL服务启动并授权进行从同步

 
  1. [[email protected] .ssh]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
  2. Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
  3. [[email protected] .ssh]# mysql -uroot -p111111
  4. mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘192.168.200.147‘, MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER__USER=‘rep‘, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘111111‘;
  5. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)
  7. mysql> start slave;
  8. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
  10. mysql> show slave statusG
  11. *************************** 1. row ***************************
  12. Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
  13. Master_Host: 192.168.200.147
  14. Master_User: rep
  15. Master_Port: 3306
  16. Connect_Retry: 60
  17. Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
  18. Read_Master_Log_Pos: 231
  19. Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000003
  20. Relay_Log_Pos: 401
  21. Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
  22. Slave_IO_Running: Yes #加入了同步
  23. Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #加入了同步
  24. Replicate_Do_DB:
  25. Replicate_Ignore_DB:

（2）将mha配置文件里缺失的部分补全(管理端)

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
  3. [server default]
  4. manager_log=/var/log/mha/mha1/manager
  5. manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/mha1
  6. master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data
  7. password=111111
  8. ping_interval=2
  9. repl_password=111111
  10. repl_user=rep
  11. ssh_user=root
  12. user=mha
  14. [server1] #补全
  15. hostname=192.168.200.131
  16. port=3306
  18. [server2]
  19. hostname=192.168.200.147
  20. port=3306
  22. [server3]
  23. hostname=192.168.200.148
  24. port=3306

（3）启动mha进程（管理端）

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/mha1/manager.log 2>&1 &
  3. [[email protected] ~]# ps -ef | grep perl | grep -v grep
  4. root 3339 959 1 01:08 pts/0 00:00:00 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover

（4）停掉mysql-slaveA上的MySQL服务

 
  1. [[email protected] .ssh]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
  2. Shutting down MySQL..... SUCCESS!

（5）查看mysql-slaveB上的主从同步状态：

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p111111 -e ‘show slave statusG‘
  2. Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
  3. *************************** 1. row ***************************
  4. Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
  5. Master_Host: 192.168.200.131 #恢复了
  6. Master_User: rep
  7. Master_Port: 3306
  8. Connect_Retry: 60
  9. Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
  10. Read_Master_Log_Pos: 448
  11. Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
  12. Relay_Log_Pos: 408
  13. Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
  14. Slave_IO_Running: Yes
  15. Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
  16. Replicate_Do_DB:

（6）启动mysql-db02上的MySQL服务

 
  1. [[email protected] .ssh]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
  2. Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
  3. [[email protected] .ssh]# mysql -uroot -p111111
  4. mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘192.168.200.131‘, MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER=‘rep‘, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘111111‘;
  5. mysql> start slave;
  6. mysql> show slave statusG #查看从同步状态

（7）再次补全mha配置文件后，启动mha进程(管理端)

 
  1. [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
  3. [server default]
  4. manager_log=/var/log/mha/mha1/manager
  5. manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/mha1
  6. master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data
  7. password=111111
  8. ping_interval=2
  9. repl_password=111111
  10. repl_user=rep
  11. ssh_user=root
  12. user=mha
  14. [server1]
  15. hostname=192.168.200.131
  16. port=3306
  18. [server2]
  19. hoastname=192.168.200.147
  20. port=3306
  22. [server3]
  23. hostname=192.168.200.148
  24. port=3306
  26. [[email protected] ~]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/mha1/manager.log 2>&1 &
  27. [1] 3435
  28. [[email protected] ~]# ps -ef | grep perl | grep -v grep
  29. root 3435 959 2 01:16 pts/0 00:00:00 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover

此时的初始状态还原为下图： 
技术分享图片

 

6.源码安装mha的方法

node节点的源码安装方法：

 
  1. [[email protected]-db01 ~]# yum -y install perl-DBD-MySQL perl-Config-Tiny perl-Params-Validate perl-CPAN perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
  3. [[email protected]-db01 ~]# tar xf mha4mysql-node-0.56.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
  5. [[email protected]-db01 ~]# cd /usr/src/mha4mysql-node-0.56/
  7. [[email protected]-db01 mha4mysql-node-0.56]# perl Makefile.PL
  9. [[email protected]-db01 mha4mysql-node-0.56]# make && make install

manager节点的源码安装方法：

 
    1. [[email protected]-db01 ~]# yum -y install perl-DBD-MySQL perl-Config-Tiny perl-Params-Validate perl-CPAN perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
    3. [[email protected]-db01 ~]# tar xf mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
    5. [[email protected]-db01 ~]# cd /usr/src/mha4mysql-manager-0.56/
    7. [[email protected]-db01 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]# perl Makefile.PL
    9. [[email protected]-db01 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]# make && make install













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