MySQL 40题练习题和答案

Posted TY520

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2、查询“生物”课程比“物理”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号;
 思路:
    获取所有有生物课程的人(学号,成绩) - 临时表
    获取所有有物理课程的人(学号,成绩) - 临时表
    根据【学号】连接两个临时表:
        学号  物理成绩   生物成绩
 
    然后再进行筛选
 
   select A.student_id, a, b
   from
    (select score.student_id, number as a from score left join course on course.cid = score.corse_id where cname=‘生物‘) as A
   left join
    (select score.student_id, number as b from score left join course on course.cid = score.corse_id where cname=‘物理‘) as B
   on
    A.student_id = B.student_id where a > if(isnull(b),0,b);

3、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩;
思路:
        根据学生分组,使用avg获取平均值,通过having对avg进行筛选
  
   select student_id, avg(number) from score group by student_id having avg(number)>60;

4、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩;
   select score.student_id, student.sname, count(score.corse_id), sum(score.number)
   from
    score
   left join
    student on student.sid = student_id
   group by
    student_id;
5、查询所姓李的老师个数
   select count(tid) from teacher where tname like ‘波%‘;
6、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名;
思路:
        先查到“李平老师”老师教的所有课ID
        获取选过课的所有学生ID
        学生表中筛选
   select * from student where sid not in (
   select DISTINCT student_id from score where score.corse_id in (
   select cid from course left join teacher on course.teacher_id = teacher.tid where tname=‘波多‘)
   );
7、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名
思路:
        先查到既选择001又选择002课程的所有同学
        根据学生进行分组,如果学生数量等于2表示,两门均已选择
 法一:
   select student.sid, student.sname from
   (select student_id, corse_id from score where corse_id=1 or corse_id=2) as B
   left join student on B.student_id = student.sid group by student_id having count(student_id)>1;
 法二:
   select student.sid, student.sname from score left join student on student.sid= student_id
   where corse_id= 1 or corse_id=2 group by student_id having count(corse_id)>1;
 
8、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名
思路:
  同上,只不过将1和2变成in(老师课程)
   select student_id, student.sname from score left join student on student.sid=student_id where corse_id in
   (select course.cid from course left join  teacher on course.teacher_id=teacher.tid where tname=‘波多‘)
   group by student_id having count(corse_id) = (select count(course.cid) from course left join teacher on
   course.teacher_id=teacher.tid where tname=‘波多‘);
9、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名;
思路:
  先找出分别找出课程1 和2 的成绩
  在连表 (id ,A.成绩,B.成绩)     比较成绩大小  
  找出学生id  然后用 in
   select student.sid, student.sname from student where sid in (
   select A.student_id as c from (select student_id,number  from score where corse_id=1) as A
   left join (select student_id, number from score where corse_id=2) as B on A.student_id=B.student_id
   where A.number> if(isnull(B.number),0,B.number)
);
10、查询有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名;
思路: 
  先在score表找到成绩小于60的学生学号
  再用 sid in
   select student.sid, student.sname from student where sid in (
   select  student_id from score where number<60
);
11、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名;
思路:
  在分数表中根据学生进行分组,获取每一个学生选课数量
  如果数量==总课程数量,表示已经选择了所有课程
   select student.sid from student where sid not in (
   select student.sid from score
   left join student on student_id=student.sid group by student_id having
   count(corse_id)=(select count(1) from course));
 
12、查询至少有一门课与学号为“001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名;
思路:
 法一:
        获取 001 同学选择的所有课程
        获取课程在其中的所有人以及所有课程
        根据学生筛选,获取所有学生信息
        再与学生表连接,获取姓名
   student.sid, student.sname from score left join student on score.student_id=student.sid
   where student_id !=1 and corse_id in (select corse_id from score where student_id=1);
    
 法二:
 
   select student.sid, student.sname from
   (select * from score where corse_id in (select corse_id from score where student_id=1)) as A
 left join student on student.sid = A.student_id where student_id !=1;
13、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所有课的其他同学学号和姓名;
思路:
 法一:
  同12
  先找到学过001的所有人
  然后个数=001所有的学科个数
   select student.sid, student.sname from 
   (select * from score where corse_id in (select corse_id from score where student_id=1)) as A
   left join student on  student.sid= A.student_id where A.student_id !=1 group by student_id having
   count(corse_id)=(select count(corse_id) from score where student_id=1) ;
 法二:
   select student_id,sname, count(course_id)
   from score left join student on score.student_id=student.sid
   where stduent_id !=1 and score_id in (select corse_id from score where student_id=1) group by student_id having
 count(corse_id)=(select count(corse_id) from score where student_id=1);
 
14、查询和“002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名;
思路:
  先找到002学过的课程号
  在用 in 找到学过所有相同的课程号的人
  在通过连表,分组,计数 把相同的人找出来
 
   select student.sid,student.sname from  (select * from score where corse_id in (select corse_id from score where         student_id=1)) as A
   left join student on student.sid = A.student_id where A.student_id!=2 group by A.student_id having
   count(A.student_id)= (select count(corse_id) from score where student_id=2);
15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录;
思路:  
  先连表查姓名为叶平的老师 然后在删除
   delete from score where corse_id in (
   select cid from course left join teacher on course.teacher_id=teacher.tid where teacher.tname=‘饭岛‘);
 
16、向SC表中插入一些记录,这些记录要求符合以下条件:①没有上过编号“002”课程的同学学号;②插入“002”号课程的平均成绩;
思路:
        由于insert 支持
                inset into tb1(xx,xx) select x1,x2 from tb2;
        所有,获取所有没上过002课的所有人,获取002的平均成绩
   insert into score(student_id, course_id, number) select sid,2,(select avg(number) from score where score_id=2)
   from student where sid not in (select stduent_id from score where score_id=2);
 
17、按平均成绩从低到高 显示所有学生的“语文”、“数学”、“英语”三门的课程成绩,按如下形式显示: 学生ID,语文,数学,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分;
思路: 
  
  连表查学生id,有效课程数,平均分
  通过已查询到的学生id为约束条件,再分别连表查询课程号们
   select student.sid,
   (select avg(number) from score left join course on course.cid = score.corse_id where course.cname="语文" and student_id = student.sid) as 语文,
   (select avg(number) from score left join course on course.cid = score.corse_id where course.cname="数学" and student_id = student.sid) as 数学,
   (select avg(number) from score left join course on course.cid = score.corse_id where course.cname="英语" and student_id = student.sid) as 英语,
   count(student_id)as 有效课程数,
   avg(number)as 平均成绩
   from score
   left join student on student.sid = student_id
   group by student_id order by avg(number) desc;
18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分:以如下形式显示:课程ID,最高分,最低分;
思路:
 法一:
  通过联表把课程表和成绩表关联
  再通过corse_id分组   找出最大最小成绩
   select course.cid,max(number),min(number) from score left join course on course.cid = corse_id
   group by corse_id; 
 法二:
 
   select corse_id,max(number),min(number) from score group by corse_id;
  
19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序;  
思路:
  case when .. then
  
   select
   corse_id,
   avg(number) as avgnum,
   sum(case when score.number > 60 then 1 else 0 END)/count(1)*100 as percent,
   from score group by corse_id order by avgnum asc, percent desc;
 
20、课程平均分从高到低显示(现实任课老师);
思路:
  联表 分组
   select
   avg(if (isnull(score.number),0,score.number)),
   teacher.tname
   from course
   left join score on course.cid = score.corse_id
   left join teacher on course.teacher_id = teacher.tid
   group by score.corse_id;














































































































































































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