配置MySQL高可用集群MHA

Posted 2021-01-20

配置mysql高可用集群+++++++++++++++++++
主机角色 ：
客户端 client50
数据库服务器 mysql51 到 mysql55
管理主机 mgm56
VIP地址 192.168.4.100
拓扑结构：

  client50 

     | 
  mysql51主  
     |  

---

| | | | |
mysql52 mysql53 mysql54 mysql55 mgm56
从 从 从 从 管理集群
备用主 备用主
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
配置MySQL主从同步结构：一主多从
配置主库51
配置备用从库52
配置备用从库53
配置纯从库54
配置纯从库55

51-55都要进行
安装mysql【yum -y install mysql-community-*】
mysql-5.7.17.tartar -xf
mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
在所有服务器51-56上安装mha_node软件[mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm]
]#yum -y install perl-DBD-mysql
]#rpm -ivh mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm
一、配置所有数据库主机之间可以互相以ssh密钥对方式认证登陆[免密码]

二、配置manager56主机 无密码ssh登录 所有数据库主机【免密码】

三、配置主从同步,要求如下：
51 主库 开半同步复制
52 从库（备用主库） 开半同步复制
53 从库（备用主库） 开半同步复制
54 从库 不做备用主库所以不用开半同步复制
55 从库 不做备用主库所以不用开半同步复制
配置半同步复制模式

查看当前的数据库服务是否支持动态加载模块
mysql>show variables like ‘have_dynamic_loading‘;

+----------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------+
| have_dynamic_loading | YES |
+----------------------+-------+

使用命令安装模块
mysql>
mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master
-> SONAME ‘semisync_master.so‘;

mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_slave
-> SONAME ‘semisync_slave.so‘;

查看模块状态
mysql>
SELECT PLUGIN_NAME, PLUGIN_STATUS FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PLUGINS
WHERE PLUGIN_NAME LIKE ‘%semi%‘;
+----------------------+---------------+
| PLUGIN_NAME | PLUGIN_STATUS |
+----------------------+---------------+
| rpl_semi_sync_master | ACTIVE |
| rpl_semi_sync_slave | ACTIVE |
+----------------------+---------------+
启用半同步复制
mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1;
mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1;

查看是否启用成功
mysql> show variables like ‘rpl_semisync%_enabled‘;
+------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------------+-------+
| rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled | ON |
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled | ON |
+------------------------------+-------+
把配置写进配置文件，使其永久生效

3.1、master51配置：
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
#开启插件加载半同步复制
plugin-load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
rpl-semi-sync-master-enabled = 1
rpl-semi-sync-slave-enabled = 1

relay_log_purge=off; //不允许自动删除中继日志文件【mysql> set global relay_log_purge=off;】

server_id=51
log-bin=master51
binlog-format="mixed"
:wq
#systemctl restart mysqld
#mysql -uroot -p123abcxyz
mysql> grant replication slave on . to [email protected]"%" identified by "123abcxyz";
mysql> show master status;
注意：备用52-53上也要有repluser用户
3.2、备用master52的配置
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
plugin-load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
rpl-semi-sync-master-enabled = 1
rpl-semi-sync-slave-enabled = 1

relay_log_purge=off; //不允许自动删除中继日志文件【mysql> set global relay_log_purge=off;】

server_id=52
log-bin=master52
binlog-format="mixed"
:wq
#systemctl restart mysqld
]# ls /var/lib/mysql/master52.*
/var/lib/mysql/master52.000001 /var/lib/mysql/master52.index

#mysql -uroot -p123abcxyz
mysql> change master to
-> master_host="192.168.4.51",
-> master_user="repluser",
-> master_password="123abcxyz",
-> master_log_file="master51.000001",
-> master_log_pos=441;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show slave statusG;
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

3.3、备用master53的配置
]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
plugin-load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
rpl-semi-sync-master-enabled = 1
rpl-semi-sync-slave-enabled = 1

relay_log_purge=off; //不允许自动删除中继日志文件【mysql> set global relay_log_purge=off;】

server_id=53
log-bin=master53
binlog-format="mixed"
:wq

]# systemctl restart mysqld
]# ls /var/lib/mysql/master53.*

]# mysql -uroot -p123abcxyz
mysql> change master to master_host="192.168.4.51",master_user="repluser",master_password="123abcxyz",master_log_file="master51.000001",master_log_pos=441;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.05 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave statusG;
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

3.4、配置从服务器54

]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=54
:wq

]# systemctl restart mysqld
]# mysql -uroot -p123abcxyz
mysql> change master to master_host="192.168.4.51",master_user="repluser",master_password="123abcxyz",master_log_file="master51.000001",master_log_pos=441;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.09 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave statusG;
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

3.5、配置从服务器55
]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=55
:wq
]# systemctl restart mysqld

]# mysql -uroot -p123abcxyz
mysql> change master to master_host="192.168.4.51",master_user="repluser",master_password="123abcxyz",master_log_file="master51.000001",master_log_pos=441;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.09 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave statusG;
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
[配置51-55主从同步完成]
阿保存在所有数据库服务器51-55上授权监控用户
mysql>
grant all on . to [email protected]‘%‘ identified by ‘123abcxyz‘;
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
准备集群环境：
1 在所有主机上安装共享目录里的perl软件包 （51-56）
公共配置：在所有主机上安装软件软件包
perl-Config-Tiny-2.14-7.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-Mail-Sender-0.8.23-1.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-MIME-Types-1.38-2.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-Email-Date-Format-1.002-15.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-Mail-Sendmail-0.79-21.el7.art.noarch.rpm
perl-Parallel-ForkManager-1.18-2.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-Log-Dispatch-2.41-1.el7.1.noarch.rpm
perl-MIME-Lite-3.030-1.el7.noarch.rpm

]# yum -y install perl-.rpm
2 在所有服务器51-56上安装mha_node软件包
]#cd mha-soft-student/
]#yum -y install perl-DBD-mysql
]#rpm -ivh mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm
4 在管理主机56上安装mha_manager软件包
]# yum -y install perl-ExtUtils- perl-CPAN-*

]# tar -zxf mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz

]# cd mha4mysql-manager-0.56

]# perl Makefile.pl //[需要的依赖包可通过yum list | grep -i 关键字 获取yum -y install perl-ExtUtils- perl-CPAN-]

]# make

]# make install

配置MHA:
在管理主机56上创建管理命令
]# mkdir /root/bin
]#cd mha4mysql-manager-0.56/bin
]#cp * /root/bin/
创建主配置 并编辑
]# mkdir /etc/mha
]#cp mha4mysql-manager-0.56/samples/conf/app1.cnf /etc/mha/
]#vim /etc/mha/app1.cnf
[server default] #服务默认配置
manager_workdir=/etc/mha #工作目录
manager_log=/etc/mha/manager.log #日志文件

master_ip_failover_script=/etc/mha/master_ip_failover #故障切换脚本

#ssh服务用户名及端口
ssh_user=root
ssh_port=22

#主从复制时，从库连接主库的用户名及密码
repl_user=repluser
repl_password=123abcxyz

#监控数据库时，连接服务器的用户及密码
user=root
password=123abcxyz

#指定数据库服务器ip及角色
[server1]
hostname=192.168.4.51
candidate_master=1
port=3306
[server2]
hostname=192.168.4.52
candidate_master=1
port=3306
[server3]
hostname=192.168.4.53
candidate_master=1
port=3306
[server4]
hostname=192.168.4.54
no_master=1
port=3306
[server5]
hostname=192.168.4.55
no_master=1
port=3306
:wq

创建故障切换脚本并编辑[正常在mha4mysql-manager-0.56目录下]
]# cd mha-soft-student
]# cp master_ip_failover /etc/mha/
]# chmod +x /etc/mha/master_ip_failover

]# vim /etc/mha/master_ip_failover
35 my $vip = ‘192.168.4.100/24‘; # Virtual IP
36 my $key = "1";
37 my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key $vip";
38 my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key down";
:wq

把脚本中指定的ip地址手动部署在当前主库51 上。
mysql51]# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.4.100/24
mysql51]# ifconfig eth0:1

启动服务
1 检查ssh连接
mgm56]# masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf

2检查主从同步配置
mgm56]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf
3 启动管理服务
mgm56]#
masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf
--remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover
4查看状态
]# masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf
app1 (pid:9541) is running(0:PING_OK), master:192.168.4.51

测试配置
在客户端50主机上连接vip 192.168.4.100 访问数据库服务
1主库做用户授权
mysql51>create database db3;create table db3.a(id int);
mysql51>grant select,insert on db3. to [email protected]"%" identified
by "123abcxyz";
2客户端使用授权用户连接
client50]# mysql -h192.168.4.100 -utest -p123abcxyz db3
mysql>
mysql> insert into db3.a values(100);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)
mysql> select from db3.a;

测试高可用配置
把主库51的数据库服务停止
客户端仍然可以连接VIP地址192.168.4.100 访问数据库服务
mysql51]# systemctl stop mysqld

client50]# ping -c 2 192.168.4.100

client50]# mysql -h192.168.4.100 -uplj -p123abcxyz db3
mysql> select @@hostname;
mysql> select * from db3.a;
mysql> insert into db3.a values(101);

在/etc/mha/app1.cnf文件没有了主库51的配置
数据库53 - 55 把 主库地址指向 新选举出的主库ip地址

把坏掉的数据库服务器51 再添加到集群里。
MySQL51]# systemctl start mysqld
MySQL51]# mysql -uroot -p123abcxyz

mysql> change master to master_host="192.168.4.52",
-> master_user="repluser",
-> master_password="123abcxyz",
-> master_log_file="master52.000002", 当前主库日志
-> master_log_pos=1237; 对应的pos点
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave statusG; IO 和SQL 进程都是Yes 主机ip 52

mgm56]# vim /etc/mha/app1.cnf
[server1]
candidate_master=1
hostname=192.168.4.51
:wq

mgm56]#
masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf
--remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover

查看状态
mgm56]# masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf
app1 (pid:9541) is running(0:PING_OK), master:192.168.4.52
把主库52的数据库服务停止后，客户端仍然可以连接
vip地址192.168.4.100 访问MySQL数据库服务.
在/etc/mha/app1.cnf文件没有了主库52的配置
数据库53 - 55 把 主库地址指向 新选举出的主库ip地址[日志最新的51/53]