mysql数据库命令大全---完全备份和恢复

Posted 2021-01-04

数据完全备份
[[email protected] ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pabc123 --databases school > /opt/school.sql

删除库
mysql> drop database school;
查看数据库
mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+

还原数据库

mysql> source /opt/school.sql

mysql> show databases;   #查看数据库确认
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| school             |
| sys                |
+--------------------+

方法二：此方法需要重新创建库名
mysqldump -uroot -pabc123 school > /opt/school.sql  
mysql> create database school;
mysql> source /opt/school.sql;
mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_school |
+------------------+
| info             |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from info;
+----+------+-------+
| id | name | score |
+----+------+-------+
|  1 | ll   |    88 |
|  2 | tl   |    68 |
|  3 | ww   |    44 |
|  4 | pw   |    55 |
+----+------+-------+

方法三：不进入mysql数据库恢复数据
恢复数据
mysql -uroot -pabc123 < /opt/school.sql

数据表备份
[[email protected] ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pabc123 school info > /opt/info.sql

删除表格（模拟数据表损坏）

mysql> drop table info;

还原备份数据表
mysql> source /opt/info.sql

查看表格

mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_school |
+------------------+
| info             |
+------------------+

与数据库一样，也可以不登录mysql恢复数据表
mysql -uroot -pabc123 school < /opt/info.sql

总结：无论是恢复数据库还是恢复数据表，都应该先查看一下备份文件，看里面有无自动创建数据库或数据表的命令，再考虑是否在备份时创建数据库和数据表！

查看备份文件
vim school.sql