jetpack之viewmodel

Posted 2023-02-19 BigSweetee

viewmodel

viewmodel一般和livedata结合使用，viewmodel是一个可以感知fragment生命周期的，用来做数据存储的一个库

解决网络请求，异步操作带来的内存泄漏问题，fragment传递数据不方便的问题，解决屏幕旋转导致的数据销毁问题。

原理解析
ViewModelProviders.of方法创建androidViewModelFactory，ViewModelStore根据这俩个参数创建ViewModelProvider，在调用get方
法获取viewmodel实例

@NonNull
@MainThread
public <T extends ViewModel> T get(@NonNull String key, @NonNull Class<T> modelClass) 
    ViewModel viewModel = mViewModelStore.get(key);

    if (modelClass.isInstance(viewModel)) 
        //noinspection unchecked
        return (T) viewModel;
     else 
        //noinspection StatementWithEmptyBody
        if (viewModel != null) 
            // TODO: log a warning.
        
    
    if (mFactory instanceof KeyedFactory) 
        viewModel = ((KeyedFactory) (mFactory)).create(key, modelClass);
     else 
        viewModel = (mFactory).create(modelClass);
    
    mViewModelStore.put(key, viewModel);
    //noinspection unchecked
    return (T) viewModel;

通过ViewModelStore来做缓存

public class ViewModelStore 

    private final HashMap<String, ViewModel> mMap = new HashMap<>();

    final void put(String key, ViewModel viewModel) 
        ViewModel oldViewModel = mMap.put(key, viewModel);
        if (oldViewModel != null) 
            oldViewModel.onCleared();
        
    

    final ViewModel get(String key) 
        return mMap.get(key);
    

    Set<String> keys() 
        return new HashSet<>(mMap.keySet());
    

    /**
     *  Clears internal storage and notifies ViewModels that they are no longer used.
     */
    public final void clear() 
        for (ViewModel vm : mMap.values()) 
            vm.clear();
        
        mMap.clear();
    

如果model是继承androidviewmodel就会通过类的.getConstructor获取这个类的实例对象，然后存入mViewModelStore中

mViewModelStore中使用map来存储，key是model的类名

如果不是继承androidviewmodel就会通过类的modelClass.newInstance(),创建实例化对象。

创建好这个model之后，就可以在里面进行，网络请求，创建livedata回调数据。
在界面摧毁的时候，viewmodel的clear方法会执行，系统类ComponentActivity添加了LifecycleEventObserver在ondestory的监听会触发getViewModelStore().clear()方法

 getLifecycle().addObserver(new LifecycleEventObserver() 
            @Override
            public void onStateChanged(@NonNull LifecycleOwner source,
                    @NonNull Lifecycle.Event event) 
                if (event == Lifecycle.Event.ON_DESTROY) 
                    if (!isChangingConfigurations()) 
                        getViewModelStore().clear();
                    
                
            
        );

获取viewmodel的方法

1,

val viewModel by lazy  ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(FriendViewModel::class.java) 

2,

private val viewModel: PlantListViewModel by viewModels 
        Injector.providePlantListViewModelFactory(requireContext())

这个是一个扩展方法
@MainThread
inline fun <reified VM : ViewModel> Fragment.viewModels(
    noinline ownerProducer: () -> ViewModelStoreOwner =  this ,
    noinline factoryProducer: (() -> Factory)? = null
) = createViewModelLazy(VM::class,  ownerProducer().viewModelStore , factoryProducer)