mysql启动停止 以及基本使用，乱码处理

Posted 2020-12-31

1）可以使用解压版本直接解压：比如mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
2)将准备好的my.cnf（该文件可以通过mysql目录下的support-files目录下的my_default.cnf复制过来，然后在里面添加一些参数）放到 mysql解压目录下
my.cnf具体为：
#For advice on how to change settings please see
#http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It‘s a template which will be copied to the
# default location during install, and will be replaced if you
#*** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
#cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
lower_case_table_names=1

#Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
changes to the binary log between backups.
#log_bin

#These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir =/home/bes/webgate/mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
datadir =/home/bes/webgate/mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/data
socket=/home/bes/webgate/mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/mysql.sock
port =3306
#server_id =

Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
joinbuffersize = 128M
sortbuffersize = 2M
readrndbuffersize = 2M**
max_connections=1000
max_allowed_packet=1073741824
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=1br/>innodb_print_all_deadlocks=1
log-error=/home/bes/webgate/mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/error.err
具体修改安装目录即可
3）初始化数据，会生成一个[email protected]的账号，密码为空
bin/mysqld --defaults-file=${MYSQl_NAME}/my.cnf --initialize-insecure
目录下面会出现data目录；服务并没有启动
4)bin/mysqld --defaults-file=${MYSQl_NAME}/my.cnf 启动服务
5)然后使用命令修改用户名密码
bin/mysqladmin -uroot password‘123456‘ --socket=mysql.sock
6)会用命令登录
bin/mysql --socket=./mysql.sock -uroot -p‘123456‘
正常访问即可
7）数据库备份
bin/mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -h192.168.0.70 Webgate >./backup.sql
还原：
bin/mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -h192.168.0.70 Webgate <./backup.sql
8)mysql编码
如果 表中有中文字符，需要注意编码问题
首先执行环境下的编码格式为：export LANG=zh_CN.UTF8
然后修改：my.cnf中配置文件：
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
9)执行sql文件有两种方式
bin/mysql -uroot -p123456 --socket=./mysql.sock <create-table.sql
或者进入mysqlshell
mysql> source /home/bes/mysql.sql