Mysql------多实例配置

Posted 2020-12-25 wang-jin

mysql的多实例配置

在一台物理机中需要多个测试环境，那么就需要用到了搭建数据库的多个实例，多个实例的意思就是运行多份程序，实例与实例之间没有影响。要注意监听的端口需要不同。也就是在一台主机上跑好多个mysql实例数据库，每个数据库自己管理自己独立的数据库文件。

准备环境：centos7.4，关闭防火墙，关闭SElinux，yum安装实现多实例   yum install mariadb-server

1：创建运行的目录环境

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /mysqldb/{3306,3307,3308}/{etc,socket,pid,log,data} -pv
[[email protected] ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mysqldb/  指定文件夹的所有者，所属组 ，这样mysql对所有的文件夹起到控制的作用
[[email protected] ~]# tree /mysqldb/

2：（创建数据库）生成三个不用的数据库文件放到各自的data文件夹中

[[email protected] ~]# mysql_install_db --datadir=/mysqldb/3306/data/ --user=mysql

[[email protected] ~]# mysql_install_db --datadir=/mysqldb/3307/data/ --user=mysql

[[email protected] ~]# mysql_install_db --datadir=/mysqldb/3308/data/ --user=mysql

3、复制模板配置文件，并进行修改配置文件

[[email protected] ~]# cp /etc/my.cnf /mysqldb/3306/etc/
[[email protected] ~]# cp /etc/my.cnf /mysqldb/3307/etc/
[[email protected] ~]# cp /etc/my.cnf /mysqldb/3308/etc/
[[email protected] ~]# vim  /mysqldb/3308/etc/my.cnf 
[mysqld]
port=3308
datadir=/mysqldb/3308/data
socket=/mysqldb/3308/socket/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/mysqldb/3308/log/mariadb.log
pid-file=/mysqldb/3308/pid/mariadb.pid
[[email protected] ~]# cp /mysqldb/3308/etc/my.cnf  /mysqldb/3306/etc/my.cnf
[[email protected] ~]# cp /mysqldb/3308/etc/my.cnf  /mysqldb/3307/etc/my.cnf
：%s /3308/3307/g 脚本搜索全局替换

4：准备启动服务脚本

[[email protected] ~]# vim mysql
#!bin/bash/
port=3306   #需要修改为当前实例的端口号
mysql_user="root"
mysql_pwd=""
cmd_path="/usr/bin"  #安装目录下的bin
mysql_basedir="/mysqldb"  #实例数据库文件所在目录,根目录
mysql_sock="${mysql_basedir}/${port}/socket/mysql.sock"

function_start_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "Starting MySQL...
"
${cmd_path}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=${mysql_basedir}/${port}/etc/my.cnf &> /dev/null &
else
printf "MySQL is running...
"
exit
fi
}


function_stop_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "MySQL is stopped...
"
exit
else
printf "Stoping MySQL...
"
${cmd_path}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S ${mysql_sock} shutdown

[[email protected] ~]# cp mysql /mysqldb/3306/
[[email protected] ~]# cp mysql /mysqldb/3307/
[[email protected] ~]# cp mysql /mysqldb/3308/

5：修改脚本权限，安全保障，防止密码被人看到

[[email protected] ~]# chmod 700 /mysqldb/3308/mysql
[[email protected] ~]# chmod 700 /mysqldb/3307/mysql
[[email protected] ~]# chmod 700 /mysqldb/3306/mysql 

6：启动服务

[[email protected] /mysqldb]# service mysql stop  #保证自己原来的服务停止，释放3306端口
[[email protected] /mysqldb]#sh /mysqldb/3306/mysqld start
[[email protected] /mysqldb]#sh /mysqldb/3307/mysqld start
[[email protected] /mysqldb]#sh /mysqldb/3308/mysqld start   

#如果看到三个实例监听的端口都打开后说明服务启动正常

7:连接测试

[[email protected] /mysqldb]# mysql -S /mysqldb/3308/socket/mysql.sock

8:?多实例搭建成功！以下命令可用来停止实例

[[email protected] /mysqldb]# sh /mysqldb/3308/mysqld stop

9:给root加密码

[[email protected] /mysqldb]# mysql -S /mysqldb/3307/socket/mysql.sock 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 8
Server version: 10.2.16-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statem
ent.
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to [email protected]  IDENTIFIED BY ‘111111‘;
MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;
Database changed
MariaDB [mysql]> select user,host from user; 

MariaDB [mysql]> select user,host,password from user; 
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host      | password                                  |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *FD571203974BA9AFE270FE62151AE967ECA5E0AA |
| root | centos7   |                                           |
| root | 127.0.0.1 |                                           |
| root | ::1       |                                           |
|      | localhost |                                           |
|      | centos7   |                                           |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+

[[email protected] /mysqldb]# mysql -uroot -S /mysqldb/3307/socket/mysql.sock -p111111
#指定密码，再次登录