MySQL主从复制
Posted lvym
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记得关闭防火墙或者开放端口
1.修改主 vim /etc/my.cnf文件
# For advice on how to change settings please see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html [mysqld] # # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%. # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M # # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging # changes to the binary log between backups. # log_bin # # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers. # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs. # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values. # join_buffer_size = 128M # sort_buffer_size = 2M # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid character_set_server=utf8 init_connect=\'SET NAMES utf8\' #主服务器唯一ID，跟数字大小没有关系，只是唯一 server-id=1 #启用二进制日志 log-bin=mysql-bin ## 设置不要复制的数据库(可设置多个) binlog-ignore-db=mysql binlog-ignore-db=information_schema ##设置需要复制的数据库 binlog-do-db=mydb ##设置logbin格式 binlog_format=STATEMENT
binlog日志三种格式：
1. STATEMENT 不能保证数据一致性 如insert into ...now();
2.ROW 把每条语句都写上，造成数据庞大。
3.MIXED 不能识别@@host name 语句
2.修改从 ：
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect=\'SET NAMES utf8\'
#主服务器唯一ID，跟数字大小没有关系，只是唯一
server-id=2
#启用中继日志
relay-log=mysql-relay
3. 主机、从机重启MySQL服务，主机从机都关闭防火墙，不关防火墙需开放端口，在主机上建立帐户并授权slave
#在主机MySQL里执行授权命令 %表示任意IP
进入主机MySQL客户端： mysql -uroot -p密码; 从机也是如此
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO \'lvym(可随意命名，但要与后面一致)\'@\'%\' IDENTIFIED BY \'密码\';
#查询master的状态
show master status;
#记录下File和Position的值 #执行完此步骤后不要再操作主服务器MySQL，防止主服务器状态值变化
在从机上配置需要复制的主机:
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=\'主机IP\',
MASTER_USER=\'lvym(授权用户)\',
MASTER_PASSWORD=\'Lvym777@(密码)\',
MASTER_LOG_FILE=\'mysql-bin.000001\',MASTER_LOG_POS=154;
#启动从服务器复制功能：
start slave;
#查看从服务器状态：
show slave status\\G;
#上面两个参数都是Yes，则说明主从配置成功！#Slave_IO_Running: Yes #Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
如何重新配置主从：主机从机任意都可输入
stop slave;
reset master;
在主数据库写操作，从数据库会有，在从数据库写操作，主数据库不会有。
------------------------------------------------------Docker 搭建MySQL8一主多从------------------------------------------
1.主机新建my.cnf文件用于挂载 必须
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid character_set_server=utf8 #主服务器唯一ID，跟数字大小没有关系，只是唯一 server-id=1 #启用二进制日志 log-bin=mysql-bin ## 设置不要复制的数据库(可设置多个) binlog-ignore-db=mysql binlog-ignore-db=information_schema ##设置需要复制的数据库 binlog-do-db=mydb ##设置logbin格式 binlog_format=STATEMENT
主机新建data，logs文件夹 用于挂载 可选
2.从机1新建my.cnf文件用于挂载 必须
......
#不可为主机 #主服务器唯一ID，跟数字大小没有关系，只是唯一 server-id=2 #启用中继日志 relay-log=mysql-relay
或
#可为主机
#主服务器唯一ID，跟数字大小没有关系，只是唯一
server-id=2
#启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
## 设置不要复制的数据库(可设置多个)
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
##设置需要复制的数据库
binlog-do-db=mydb
##设置logbin格式 默认 show variables like \'%binlog_format%\';
binlog_format=STATEMENT
从机新建data，logs文件夹 用于挂载 可选
3.从机2新建my.cnf文件用于挂载 必须
......
......
#不可为主机
#主服务器唯一ID，跟数字大小没有关系，只是唯一
server-id=3
#启用中继日志
relay-log=mysql-relay
或
#可为主机
#主服务器唯一ID，跟数字大小没有关系，只是唯一
server-id=2
#启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
## 设置不要复制的数据库(可设置多个)
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
##设置需要复制的数据库
binlog-do-db=mydb
##设置logbin格式
从机新建data，logs文件夹 用于挂载 可选
3.拉取并运行MySQL
主机
docker run -d -p 3306:3306 -v /mydata/mysql/master/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /mydata/mysql/master/logs:/logs -v /mydata/mysql/master/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql
从机1
docker run -d -p 3307:3306 -v /mydata/mysql/slave/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /mydata/mysql/slave/logs:/logs -v /mydata/mysql/slave/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql
从机2
docker run -d -p 3308:3306 -v /mydata/mysql/slave02/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /mydata/mysql/slave02/logs:/logs -v /mydata/mysql/slave02/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql
4.进入MySQL容器，登录MySQL
主机操作
[root@lvym springboot]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
7238de2486fa mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp angry_euler
进入容器
[root@lvym springboot]# docker exec -it 7238de2486fa bash
登录
root@7238de2486fa:/# mysql -uroot -p123456 或 mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 192.168.146.140 -P 3306
主机授权
CREATE USER \'slave\'@\'%\' IDENTIFIED BY \'slave\';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO \'slave\'@\'%\';
alter user \'slave\'@\'%\' identified with mysql_native_password by \'slave\';
flush privileges;
mysql> CREATE USER \'slave\'@\'%\' IDENTIFIED BY \'slave\';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO \'slave\'@\'%\';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter user \'slave\'@\'%\' identified with mysql_native_password by \'slave\';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges; 刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 1132 | mydb | mysql,information_schema | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
从机1/2操作
root@lvym springboot]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c13eb9c67a43 mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" 18 minutes ago Up 18 minutes 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp strange_tesla
进入容器
[root@lvym springboot]# docker exec -it c13eb9c67a43 bash
登录
root@c13eb9c67a43:/# mysql -uroot -p123456 或 mysql -uroot -p123456 -P 3307 -h 192.168.146.141
连接主机
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=\'192.168.146.140\',
MASTER_USER=\'slave\',
master_port=3306,
MASTER_PASSWORD=\'slave\',
MASTER_LOG_FILE=\'mysql-bin.000003\',
MASTER_LOG_POS=1132;
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=\'192.168.146.140\',
-> MASTER_USER=\'slave\',
-> master_port=3306,
-> MASTER_PASSWORD=\'slave\',
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE=\'mysql-bin.000003\',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=1132;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show slave status\\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.146.140
Master_User: slave
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1132
Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 324
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
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