SQL Server中使用PIVOT行转列
Posted 天琊蓝
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使用PIVOT行转列
1.建表及插入数据
1 USE [AdventureDB] 2 GO 3 /****** Object: Table [dbo].[Score] Script Date: 11/25/2016 4:30:50 PM ******/ 4 SET ANSI_NULLS ON 5 GO 6 7 SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON 8 GO 9 10 CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Score]([Name] [varchar](50) NULL,[Subject] [varchar](50) NULL,[Score] FLOAT NULL) ON [PRIMARY] 11 GO 12 13 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Jack\', N\'linguistic\', 65) 14 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Tom\', N\'linguistic\', 56) 15 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Lina\', N\'linguistic\', 84) 16 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Jack\', N\'Mathematics\', 100) 17 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Tom\', N\'Mathematics\', 82) 18 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Lina\', N\'Mathematics\', 67) 19 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Jack\', N\'English\', 82) 20 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Tom\', N\'English\', 54) 21 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Lina\', N\'English\', 76) 22 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'James\', N\'Other\', 52) 23 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Tom\', N\'Other\', 99) 24 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Lina\', N\'Other\', 79) 25 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Kobe\', N\'linguistic\', 65) 26 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'James\', N\'linguistic\', 76) 27 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Kidd\', N\'linguistic\', 86) 28 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'James\', N\'Mathematics\', 70) 29 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Kobe\', N\'Mathematics\', 92) 30 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Kidd\', N\'Mathematics\', 70) 31 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Kobe\', N\'English\', 86) 32 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Kidd\', N\'English\', 85) 33 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'James\', N\'English\', 66) 34 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Jack\', N\'Other\', 77) 35 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Kobe\', N\'Other\', 97) 36 INSERT INTO [dbo].[Score] ([Name], [Subject], [Score]) VALUES (N\'Kidd\', N\'Other\', 93)
2.使用CASE语句查询
1 USE [AdventureDB] 2 GO 3 4 /****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[CaseSelect] Script Date: 12/02/2016 00:47:02 ******/ 5 SET ANSI_NULLS ON 6 GO 7 8 SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON 9 GO 10 11 CREATE procedure [dbo].[CaseSelect] AS 12 13 BEGIN 14 15 SELECT [Name], 16 SUM (case when [Subject] = \'English\' then [Score] else 0 end) English, 17 SUM (case when [Subject] = \'linguistic\' then [Score] else 0 end) Linguistic, 18 SUM (case when [Subject] = \'Mathematics\' then [Score] else 0 end) Mathematics, 19 SUM (case when [Subject] = \'Other\' then [Score] else 0 end) Other, 20 AVG ([Score]) Average 21 FROM [dbo].[score] GROUP BY [Name] ORDER BY [Name] DESC 22 23 END 24 25 GO
3.使用PIVOT行转列
1 USE [AdventureDB] 2 GO 3 4 /****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[Pivot] Script Date: 12/02/2016 01:07:27 ******/ 5 SET ANSI_NULLS ON 6 GO 7 8 SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON 9 GO 10 11 CREATE procedure [dbo].[Pivot] 12 @NumberOfStudents int = 5 13 AS 14 15 IF @NumberOfStudents < 1 or @NumberOfStudents > 10 16 RAISERROR(\'@NumberOfStudents must be between 1 and 10\', 11, 1); 17 ELSE 18 SELECT top(@NumberOfStudents) 19 p.[name], 20 p.English, 21 p.linguistic, 22 p.Mathematics, 23 p.Other, 24 (p.English + p.linguistic+p.Mathematics + p.Other)/4 AS Average 25 FROM [dbo].[score] PIVOT (SUM (score) FOR [subject] IN (English,linguistic,Mathematics,Other) ) AS P 26 ORDER BY p.[name] DESC 27 28 RETURN; 29 30 GO
4.PIVOT动态获取列
1 USE [AdventureDB] 2 GO 3 4 /****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[Pivot_DynamicColumn] Script Date: 12/02/2016 01:31:30 ******/ 5 SET ANSI_NULLS ON 6 GO 7 8 SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON 9 GO 10 11 CREATE procedure [dbo].[Pivot_DynamicColumn] AS 12 13 BEGIN 14 DECLARE @ColumnNames NVARCHAR(Max) 15 DECLARE @AverageScore NVARCHAR(Max) 16 DECLARE @ColumnCount int 17 18 SET @ColumnNames=\'\' 19 SET @AverageScore = \'\' 20 SET @ColumnCount = \'\' 21 22 SELECT @ColumnCount = COUNT(DISTINCT [Subject]) FROM [Score] 23 24 SELECT 25 @ColumnNames = @ColumnNames + \'[\' + [Subject] + \'],\', 26 @AverageScore = @AverageScore + \'[\' + [Subject] + \']+\' 27 FROM 28 ( 29 SELECT DISTINCT [Subject] FROM [Score] 30 ) t 31 32 SET @ColumnNames= LEFT(@ColumnNames, LEN(@ColumnNames)-1) 33 SET @AverageScore= LEFT(@AverageScore, LEN(@AverageScore)-1) 34 35 DECLARE @selectSQL NVARCHAR(Max) 36 37 SET @selectSQL= 38 \'SELECT [name],{0},({1})/{2} as Average FROM 39 [dbo].[score] 40 Pivot(SUM(score) For [subject] in ({0})) AS p 41 ORDER BY p.[name] DESC\' 42 43 SET @selectSQL= REPLACE(@selectSQL,\'{0}\',@ColumnNames) 44 SET @selectSQL= REPLACE(@selectSQL,\'{1}\',@AverageScore) 45 SET @selectSQL= REPLACE(@selectSQL,\'{2}\',@ColumnCount) SQL Server 动态行转列（参数化表名分组列行转列字段字段值）