西部开源学习笔记BOOK3《unit 3.MYSQL》

Posted 2020-08-21

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#####################################

############ unit3.mysql ############

#####################################

##########安装软件###########

yum install mariadb -y

###########创建|删除用户#############

1.创建本地用户

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER [email protected] identified by ‘redhat‘;

2.创建非本地用户（可通过数据库的网络接口登陆，但该接口必须开启才可以生效）

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER [email protected]‘%‘ identified by ‘redhat‘;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT Host,User,Password FROM mysql.user;

+-----------+--------+-------------------------------------------+

| Host | User | Password |

+-----------+--------+-------------------------------------------+

| localhost | root | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

| 127.0.0.1 | root | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

| ::1 | root | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

| % | redhat | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

| localhost | westos | *28C1E2BE21B45562A34B6CC34A19CFAFC2F88F96 |

+-----------+--------+-------------------------------------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3.删除用户

MariaDB [(none)]> DROP USER [email protected]‘%‘;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT Host,User,Password FROM mysql.user;

+-----------+--------+-------------------------------------------+

| Host | User | Password |

+-----------+--------+-------------------------------------------+

| localhost | root | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

| 127.0.0.1 | root | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

| ::1 | root | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

| localhost | westos | *28C1E2BE21B45562A34B6CC34A19CFAFC2F88F96 |

+-----------+--------+-------------------------------------------+

4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

###########用户授权#############

注意：用户授权只能在root上做

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT HOST,USER.PASSWD FROM mysql.user

-> ;

ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column ‘USER.PASSWD‘ in ‘field list‘

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT Host,User,Password FROM mysql.user

-> ;

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| Host | User | Password |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| localhost | root | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

| 127.0.0.1 | root | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

| ::1 | root | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER [email protected] identified by ‘westos‘;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT Host,User,Password FROM mysql.user;

+-----------+--------+-------------------------------------------+

| Host | User | Password |

+-----------+--------+-------------------------------------------+

| localhost | root | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

| 127.0.0.1 | root | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

| ::1 | root | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

| localhost | westos | *28C1E2BE21B45562A34B6CC34A19CFAFC2F88F96 |

+-----------+--------+-------------------------------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

##先查看各个用户的部分权限列表

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT User,Select_priv,Insert_priv,Create_priv FROM mysql.user;

+--------+-------------+-------------+-------------+

+--------+-------------+-------------+-------------+

| root | Y | Y | Y |

| westos | N | N | N |

+--------+-------------+-------------+-------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

##添加权限

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT SELECT,INSERT,CREATE on *.* to [email protected];

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT User,Select_priv,Insert_priv,Create_priv FROM mysql.user;

+--------+-------------+-------------+-------------+

+--------+-------------+-------------+-------------+

| root | Y | Y | Y |

| westos | Y | Y | Y |

+--------+-------------+-------------+-------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

补充：如果权限没有生效，可以通过以下方法：

MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;##重载授权表

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

##撤销权限

MariaDB [(none)]> REVOKE SELECT,INSERT,CREATE on *.* from [email protected];

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT User,Select_priv,Insert_priv,Create_priv FROM mysql.user;

+--------+-------------+-------------+-------------+

+--------+-------------+-------------+-------------+

| root | Y | Y | Y |

| westos | N | N | N |

+--------+-------------+-------------+-------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

#############忘记root密码|修改密码#############

1.忘记root密码

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl stop mariadb##关闭mariadb

[[email protected] ~]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &##开启mysql的单用户模式

[1] 2469

161126 20:52:29 mysqld_safe Logging to ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log‘.

161126 20:52:29 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -u root

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MariaDB connection id is 1

Server version: 5.5.35-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT User,Password FROM mysql.user；

+--------+-------------------------------------------+

| User | Password |

+--------+-------------------------------------------+

| root | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |

| westos | *28C1E2BE21B45562A34B6CC34A19CFAFC2F88F96 |

+--------+-------------------------------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> UPDATE mysql.user set Password=‘westos‘ WHERE User=‘root‘;

Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT User,Password FROM mysql.user;

+--------+-------------------------------------------+

| User | Password |

+--------+-------------------------------------------+

| root | westos |

| westos | *28C1E2BE21B45562A34B6CC34A19CFAFC2F88F96 |

+--------+-------------------------------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> UPDATE mysql.user set Password=password(‘westos‘) WHERE User=‘root‘;

Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT User,Password FROM mysql.user;

+--------+-------------------------------------------+

| User | Password |

+--------+-------------------------------------------+

| root | *28C1E2BE21B45562A34B6CC34A19CFAFC2F88F96 |

| westos | *28C1E2BE21B45562A34B6CC34A19CFAFC2F88F96 |

+--------+-------------------------------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> Ctrl-C -- exit!

Aborted

[[email protected] ~]# fg

mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables

^Z##ctrl+z

[1]+ Stopped mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables

[[email protected] ~]# killall -9 mysqld_safe##关闭单用户模式

[1]+ Killed mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables

[[email protected] ~]# ps aux | grep mysql

mysql 2624 0.0 5.2 859052 98764 pts/0 Sl 20:52 0:00 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysq --skip-grant-tables --log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log --pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

root 2709 0.0 0.0 112640 980 pts/0 R+ 20:59 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql

[[email protected] ~]# kill -9 2624##关闭mysql相关进程

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start mariadb##开启mariadb

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -pwestos

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MariaDB connection id is 3

Server version: 5.5.35-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> quit

Bye

2.修改密码（知道密码）

[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -pwestos password redhat

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -pwestos

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ (using password: YES)

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -predhat

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MariaDB connection id is 8

Server version: 5.5.35-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> quit

Bye

#############web方式管理MYSQL##################

1.安装lftp

[[email protected] ~]# yum install lftp -y

2.去ftp服务器上下载phpMyAdmin

[[email protected] ~]# lftp 172.25.254.250

lftp 172.25.254.250:~> cd /pub/docs/software/

lftp 172.25.254.250:/pub/docs/software> get phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2

4548030 bytes transferred

lftp 172.25.254.250:/pub/docs/software> exit

[[email protected] ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg Downloads Pictures Videos

Desktop Music Public

Documents phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2 Templates

3.安装httpd

[[email protected] ~]# yum install httpd -y

[[email protected] ~]# mv phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2 /var/www/html/

[[email protected] ~]# cd /var/www/html/

[[email protected] html]# ls

phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2

[[email protected] html]# tar -jxf phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2

[[email protected] html]# ls

phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2

[[email protected] html]# rm -fr phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2

[[email protected]ns-server html]# ls

phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages

[[email protected] html]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http

success

[[email protected] html]# firewall-cmd --reload

success

[[email protected] html]# mv phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages phpadmin

[[email protected] html]# ls

phpadmin

4.安装php相关软件

[[email protected] html]# yum search php

Loaded plugins: langpacks

================================== N/S matched: php ===================================

php.x86_64 : PHP scripting language for creating dynamic web sites

php-cli.x86_64 : Command-line interface for PHP

php-common.x86_64 : Common files for PHP

php-gd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using the gd graphics library

php-ldap.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use LDAP

php-mysql.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases

php-odbc.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use ODBC databases

php-pdo.x86_64 : A database access abstraction module for PHP applications

php-pear.noarch : PHP Extension and Application Repository framework

php-pgsql.x86_64 : A PostgreSQL database module for PHP

php-process.x86_64 : Modules for PHP script using system process interfaces

php-recode.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using the recode library

php-soap.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use the SOAP protocol

php-xml.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications which use XML

php-xmlrpc.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications which use the XML-RPC protocol

php-pecl-memcache.x86_64 : Extension to work with the Memcached caching daemon

Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.

=========注意：以下两个都要安装==========

[[email protected] html]# yum install php -y

[[email protected] html]# yum install php-mysql.x86_64 -y

5.修改php相关配置

[[email protected] html]# cd phpadmin/

[[email protected] phpadmin]# ls

browse_foreigners.php main.php server_status.php

bs_disp_as_mime_type.php navigation.php server_synchronize.php

bs_play_media.php phpdoctor.ini server_variables.php

ChangeLog phpinfo.php setup

changelog.php phpmyadmin.css.php show_config_errors.php

chk_rel.php pmd sql.php

config.sample.inc.php pmd_common.php tbl_addfield.php

contrib pmd_display_field.php tbl_alter.php

CREDITS pmd_general.php tbl_change.php

db_create.php pmd_help.php tbl_chart.php

db_datadict.php pmd_pdf.php tbl_create.php

db_export.php pmd_relation_new.php tbl_export.php

db_import.php pmd_relation_upd.php tbl_get_field.php

db_operations.php pmd_save_pos.php tbl_import.php

db_printview.php prefs_forms.php tbl_indexes.php

db_qbe.php prefs_manage.php tbl_move_copy.php

db_search.php print.css tbl_operations.php

db_sql.php querywindow.php tbl_printview.php

db_structure.php README tbl_relation.php

db_tracking.php README.VENDOR tbl_replace.php

docs.css RELEASE-DATE-3.4.0 tbl_row_action.php

Documentation.html robots.txt tbl_select.php

Documentation.txt schema_edit.php tbl_sql.php

enum_editor.php schema_export.php tbl_structure.php

export.php scripts tbl_tracking.php

favicon.ico server_binlog.php themes

import.php server_collations.php themes.php

import_status.php server_databases.php TODO

index.php server_engines.php transformation_overview.php

INSTALL server_export.php transformation_wrapper.php

js server_import.php url.php

libraries server_privileges.php user_password.php

LICENSE server_processlist.php view_create.php

license.php server_replication.php view_operations.php

locale server_sql.php webapp.php

[[email protected] phpadmin]# less README ##可以查看该文件

[[email protected] phpadmin]# less Documentation.txt##去查看该文件，会指导需要修改的文件

[[email protected] phpadmin]# cp -p config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php##注意：要加-p

[[email protected] phpadmin]# vim config.inc.php

17 $cfg[‘blowfish_secret‘] = ‘linux‘; /* YOU MUST FILL IN THIS FOR COOKIE AUTH! ##必须加一个cookie值，内容不限

[[email protected] phpadmin]# systemctl restart httpd.service ##重启后生效

测试：

真机172.25.254.19：

打开firefox

http://172.25.254.219/phpadmin

就可以登陆了

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