mysql安装

Posted 2020-12-04

1、 下载mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz
2、解压缩到/usr/local/下面，mysql的主目录命名为mysql
[[email protected] local]# cd /usr/local/soft/
[[email protected] soft]# tar zvxf mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[[email protected] soft]# cd ..
[[email protected] local]# mv mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-i686/ mysql
3、在mysql下面创建data数据库文件目录
[[email protected] local]# mkdir mysql/data
4、创建mysql的用户组和用户，并对mysql目录设置用户组和用户
[[email protected] local]# groupadd mysql
[[email protected] local]# useradd mysql -g mysql
[[email protected] local]# cd mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql .
[[email protected] mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .
5、初始化mysql并启动mysql服务
[[email protected] mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
[[email protected] bin]# yum install libaio
./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data已加载插件：fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
设置安装进程
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  包 libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686 已安装并且是最新版本
  无须任何处理
  [[email protected] bin]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
  2016-01-09 12:00:28 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
  2016-01-09 12:00:33 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn‘t empty:
  2016-01-09 12:00:33 [WARNING] 2016-01-09T04:00:29.262989Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
  2016-01-09T04:00:29.264643Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
  2016-01-09T04:00:29.264653Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)
  [[email protected] support-files]cd /etc
  [[email protected] etc]rm –rf my.cnf
  [[email protected] bin]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
  [[email protected] support-files]#cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
  [[email protected] support-files]# ./mysql.server start
  Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

6、登录mysql，此版本最新版不许空密码登录，实际上有个初始化密码保存在/root/.mysql_secret这个文件里面，用这个密码第一次登录后，再修改密码。因此先cat查看下初始化密码（随机的，每次安装看到的密码都不一样）：
[[email protected] ~]# cat /root/.mysql_secret

Password set for user ‘[email protected]‘ at 2016-01-09 12:00:28

:5ul#H6dmcwX

利用初始化密码:5ul#H6dmcwX开始登录mysql：
设置环境变量：vi /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
source /etc/profile
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
[[email protected] bin]# ./mysql -uroot -p:5ul#H6dmcwX
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.10

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

显示登录成功，可以执行mysql命令操作了！

7、改mysql的root密码，新密码在此为‘leizm‘
mysql> set password=password(‘ 123456‘);
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Mysql> flush privileges；
8、设定远程登录mysql。在Linux下为了安全，默认是不允许mysql本机以外的机器访问mysql数据库服务，因此需要重新授权root。方便远程访问。

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select Host,User from user;
+-----------+-----------+
| Host | User |
+-----------+-----------+
| % | root |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO [email protected]‘%‘ identified by ‘ 123456 ‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

授权语句最后的‘[email protected]’是mysql数据库root用户的新密码。

9、非必要的步骤，如果远程连不上，估计是防火墙的问题，关闭试试：
[[email protected] mysql]# service iptables stop
setenforce 0iptables：将链设置为政策 ACCEPT：filter [确定]
iptables：清除防火墙规则： [确定]
iptables：正在卸载模块： [确定]
[[email protected] mysql]# setenforce 0
setenforce: SELinux is disabled
cp mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/
mv mysql.server mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
chkconfig --list mysqld
重置mysql密码
service mysqld stop
运行mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
如果此时不想被远程连接：mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &

使用mysql连接server
更改密码： update mysql.user set authentication_string=password(‘123qwe‘) where user=‘root‘ and Host = ‘localhost‘;
*特别提醒注意的一点是，新版的mysql数据库下的user表中已经没有Password字段了
而是将加密后的用户密码存储于authentication_string字段

mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit;