用动态SQL语句给变量赋值

Posted 2020-08-20

1:普通SQL语句可以用Exec执行
eg: Select * from tableName
Exec(‘select * from tableName‘)
sp_executesql N‘select * from tableName‘ -- 请注意字符串前一定要加N

2:字段名，表名，数据库名之类作为变量时，必须用动态SQL
eg:
declare @fname varchar(20)
set @fname = ‘[name]‘
Select @fname from sysobjects -- 错误
Exec(‘select ‘ + @fname + ‘ from sysobjects‘) -- 请注意 加号前后的 单引号的边上要加空格
exec sp_executesql N‘ select ‘ + @fname + ‘ from sysobjects‘
当然将字符串改成变量的形式也可
declare @s varchar(1000)
set @s = ‘select ‘ + @fname + ‘ from sysobjects‘
Exec(@s) -- 成功
exec sp_executesql @s -- 此句会报错

declare @s Nvarchar(1000) -- 注意此处改为nvarchar(1000)
set @s = ‘select ‘ + @fname + ‘ from sysobjects‘
Exec(@s) -- 成功
exec sp_executesql @s -- 此句正确，

3: 输出参数
eg:
declare @num,
@sqls
set @sqls=‘select count(*) from ‘ + @servername + ‘.a.dbo.b‘
exec(@sqls)
将exec执行的结果存入变量@num中

declare @num nvarchar（50）,
@sqls nvarchar(1000)
set @sqls=‘select @a=count(*) from ‘[email protected]+‘.a.dbo.b‘
exec sp_executesql @sqls,N‘@a int output‘,@num output
select @num

--此处数据类型如果不为nvarchar则会出现报错