mysql多种安装方法

Posted 2020-10-29

1、yum方式安装mysql
yum安装mysql极其简单，只要执行yum install mysql-server即可。

1. 1. yum/rpm方式安装mysql应用场景
      yum/rpm安装适合对数据库要求不太高的场合，例如并发不大，公司内部，企业内部的一些应用场景。

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2、二进制安装mysql
解压就能用（绿色软件，无需安装）简单，快，不好定制。
二进制包：mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz

2. 1. 安装mysql步骤：
      a、添加mysql用户
      useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M
      b、下载解压软件
      [[email protected] ~]# cd /home/oldboy/tools/
      [[email protected] tools]# tar xf mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
      [[email protected] tools]# mv mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.5.32 #移到/application下
      [[email protected] tools]# ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql
      c、初始化数据库
      [[email protected] tools]# /application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
      d、授权mysql管理数据库文件
      chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/
      e、生成mysql配置文件
      [[email protected] mysql]# cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
3. 2. 配置启动mysql
      [[email protected] mysql]# sed -i ‘s#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g‘ /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe # 改变mysql目录
      [[email protected] mysql]# /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe & #启动mysql服务
4. 3. 配置传统方式启动mysql
      a、[[email protected] mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld #将mysql的配置文件复制到/etc/init.d目录下。
      b、[[email protected] mysql]# sed -i ‘s#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g‘ /etc/init.d/mysqld #改变mysql的目录。
      c、[[email protected] mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld #增加执行权限
      d、[[email protected] mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
      e、[[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on #加入开机自启动
      f、 cp /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/ #将mysql启动命令拷贝到bash里。

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3、采用cmake编译安装mysql
即./cmake;make;make install，生产场景的具体命令及参数为：
1.3 安装相关包
1.3.1 cmake软件
cd /home/oldboy/tools/
tar xf cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz
cd cmake-2.8.8
./configure
#CMake has bootstrapped. Now run gmake.
gmake
gmake install
cd ../

1.3.2 依赖包
yum install ncurses-devel -y

1.4 开始安装mysql
1.4.1 创建用户和组
groupadd mysql
useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql

1.4.2 解压编译MySQL
tar zxf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.32
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.5.32 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/data \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \
-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0

#-- Build files have been written to: /home/oldboy/tools/mysql-5.5.32
提示，编译时可配置的选项很多，具体可参考结尾附录或官方文档：
make
#[100%] Built target my_safe_process
make install
ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql
如果上述操作未出现错误，则MySQL5.5.32软件cmake方式的安装就算成功了。