2.MariaDB和Apache安装
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MariaDB安装
11.6 MariaDB安装
1.下载安装包到统一目录/usr/local/src/
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[[email protected] src]#wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb-10.2.6/bintar-linux-glibc_214-x86_64/mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz因为MariaDB的二进制包镜像源在国外地址，所以预先下载了该包到本地物理机，使用lrzsz工具将该包上传至虚拟机/usr/local/src目录进行安装。
[[email protected] src]# yum install -y lrzsz
[[email protected] src]# rz2.解压二进制安装包并移动至/usr/local下
[[email protected] src]# tar zxvf mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# mv mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64 /usr/local/mariadb3.初始化，指定basedir和datadir
3.1 这里说下进入/usr/local/mariadb/的三种方法
①.cd /usr/local/mariadb/
②.cd $! //上一条指令移动到的位置就是该路径，所有可实现
③.cd ../mariab //当前src的路径和mariab相同所以能实现
[[email protected] src]# cd /usr/local/mariadb/
[[email protected] mariadb]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb --datadir=/data/mariadb3.2 初始化之后查看是否成功，只出现1个OK，再用echo $?确认是否错误
[[email protected] mariadb]# echo $?
03.3 对比mariadb和mysql的数据存储目录
[[email protected] mariadb]# ls /data/mariadb/
aria_log.00000001 ibdata1 mysql
aria_log_control ib_logfile0 performance_schema
ib_buffer_pool ib_logfile1 test
[[email protected] mariadb]# ls /data/mysql/
auto.cnf localhost.localdomain.err xavi.err
ibdata1 mysql xavi.pid
ib_logfile0 performance_schema
ib_logfile1 test4.拷贝配置文件并编辑（my-small.cnf）
4.1 查看下该路径下有哪些文件/support-files/找到my-small.cnf
[[email protected] mariadb]# ls
bin data include mysql-test share
COPYING DESTINATION INSTALL-BINARY README.md sql-bench
COPYING.thirdparty docs lib README-wsrep support-files
CREDITS EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT man scripts进入support-files目录，发现其和mysql下的support-files是有区别的
[[email protected] mariadb]# ls support-files/
binary-configure my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf my-small.cnf mysql.server wsrep_notify
magic my-large.cnf mysqld_multi.server policy
my-huge.cnf my-medium.cnf mysql-log-rotate wsrep.cnf
4.2 my-small.cnf的作用根据你的内存大小，合理分配，根据系统运行情况
[[email protected] mariadb]# vim support-files/my-small.cnf打开后有很多参数
[[email protected] mariadb]# free
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 1867292 625788 973228 9120 268276 1045700
Swap: 3905532 0 39055324.3把my-small.cnf拷贝到/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf，编辑指定basedir和datadir
[[email protected] mariadb]# cp support-files/my-small.cnf /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf
basedir=/usr/local/mariadb
datadir=/data/mariadb
5.拷贝启动脚本至/etc/init.d/目录下，并修改内容
[[email protected] mariadb]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariadb
[[email protected] mariadb]# vim /etc/init.d/mariadb
[[email protected] mariadb]# ps aux |grep mysql
root 1073 0.0 0.0 115392 1668 ? S 20:39 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/xavi.pid
mysql 1354 0.2 24.5 1368672 458540 ? Sl 20:39 0:11 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/xavi.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/xavi.pid
root 3762 0.0 0.0 112676 976 pts/0 S+ 21:55 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[[email protected] mariadb]# ps aux |grep mariadb
root 3764 0.0 0.0 112676 972 pts/0 S+ 21:55 0:00 grep --color=auto mariadb6.启动mariadb：/etc/init.d/mariadb start或者service mariadb start
[[email protected] mariadb]# /etc/init.d/mariadb start
Reloading systemd: [ 确定 ]
Starting mariadb (via systemctl): [ 确定 ]
[[email protected] mariadb]# ps aux |grep mariadb
root 3693 0.0 0.0 112676 972 pts/0 S+ 21:50 0:00 grep --color=auto mariadb6.1 这里出现了错误，有可能是mysql服务没有关，查看一下：ps aux |grep mysql
[[email protected] mariadb]# ps aux |grep mysql
root 1073 0.0 0.0 115392 1668 ? S 20:39 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/xavi.pid
mysql 1354 0.2 24.5 1302876 458540 ? Sl 20:39 0:10 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/xavi.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/xavi.pid
root 3478 0.0 0.0 112676 976 pts/0 S+ 21:48 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql6.2 先把mysql服务关闭，然后打开mariadb
[[email protected] mariadb]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[[email protected] mariadb]# service mariadb start
Starting mariadb (via systemctl): [ 确定 ]6.3 再次查看ps aux |grep mariadb
[[email protected] mariadb]# ps aux |grep mariadb
root 3990 0.1 0.0 115392 1720 ? S 22:06 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mariadb --pid-file=/data/mariadb/xavi.pid
mysql 4112 1.4 3.1 1585872 58176 ? Sl 22:06 0:00 /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb --datadir=/data/mariadb --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mariadb/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mariadb/xavi.err --pid-file=/data/mariadb/xavi.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=33066.4 netstat -lntp查看3306端口
[[email protected] mariadb]# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2183/dnsmasq
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1045/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1044/cupsd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1597/master
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 4112/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1045/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 1044/cupsd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1597/master 有疑问的是？
这个无法解释，单从3306端口来看mariadb应该是启动了
killall mysqld先杀死全部mysqld进程，mysql和mariadb用的都是一个端口且mysqld进程program.
[[email protected] mariadb]# killall mysqld
[[email protected] mariadb]# ps aux |grep mysql
root 4566 0.0 0.0 112676 976 pts/0 R+ 22:39 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[[email protected] mariadb]# service mariadb start
Starting mariadb (via systemctl): [ 确定 ]修改主机名字
[[email protected] ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname xavi
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# init 6重启后，即[[email protected] ~]#
11.7~11.9 Apache安装
1. 下载所需源码包到指定目录/usr/local/src
[[email protected] mariadb]# cd /usr/local/src
[[email protected] src]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz //2.4源码包
[[email protected] src]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.6.3.tar.gz //apr-1.6.3r包
[[email protected] src]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz //apr-util-1.6.1包1.1 查看是否都已下载完全：ls
[[email protected] src]# ls
apr-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz
apr-1.6.3.tar.gz mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.1 mysql-5.5.55
apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz mysql-5.5.55.tar.gz
httpd-2.4.29 mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.g2.解压源码包
[[email protected] src]# tar zxvf httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# tar zxvf apr-1.6.3.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# tar zxvf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz3.安装源码包
3.1 安装apr包:#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[[email protected] apr-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr //执行配置命令
[[email protected] apr-1.6.3]# echo $?
0 //确认有无错误进行编译安装：make && make install
[[email protected] apr-1.6.3]# make && make install3.3 安装apr-unit包
查看apr下有4个目录
[[email protected] apr-1.6.3]# ls /usr/local/apr
bin build-1 include lib打开一个apr目录：为什么是1.6.1？？
[[email protected] apr-1.6.3]# cd ../apr-util-1.6.5/
-bash: cd: ../apr-util-1.6.5/: //没有那个文件或目录
[[email protected] apr-1.6.3]# cd ../apr-util-1.6.1/
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install出现了错误：expat.h：没有那个文件或目录
xml/apr_xml.c:35:19: 致命错误：expat.h：没有那个文件或目录
#include <expat.h>
^
编译中断。
make[1]: *** [xml/apr_xml.lo] 错误 1
make[1]: 离开目录“/usr/local/src/apr-util-1.6.1”
make: *** [all-recursive] 错误 1从描述确实文件，重新安装下和expat*相关的软件包
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# yum install -y expat*
再次安装make && make install，在apr-util/下生产了3个子目录
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# echo $?
0
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# ls /usr/local/apr-util/
bin include lib3.7 安装httpd包,回到src目录下
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# cd ..
[[email protected] src]# cd httpd-2.4.29 配置apache2.4： ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/loccal/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.29]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/loccal/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most报错：
configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/解决报错：yum list |grep pcre
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.29]# yum list |grep pcre安装：yum install -y pcre--devel
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.29]# yum install -y pcre--devel安装成功
[[email protected] local]# cd /usr/local/src
[[email protected] src]# ls
apr-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz
apr-1.6.3.tar.gz mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.1 mysql-5.5.55
apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz mysql-5.5.55.tar.gz
httpd-2.4.29 mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# cd /usr/local/src/apr-util-1.6.1
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# make clean
报错：
在configure后加上 “--with-included-apr”。再重新编译， make, make install. 即可。
问题又来了，加上--with-included-apr之后，编译，报错如下：
configure: error: Bundled APR requested but not found at ./srclib/. Download and unpack the corresponding apr and apr-util packages to ./srclib/.
错误为：apr，apr-util缺失，需要下载并解压到./srclib/目录下
解决办法：
#cd /usr/local/src/# cp -r apr-1.5.2 /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.7/srclib/apr
#cp -r apr-util-1.5.4 /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.7/srclib/apr-util
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