LAMP简介与MySQL安装

Posted 2020-10-25

LAMP简介

LAMP=Linux+Apache（httpd）+MySQL+PHP
Apache与httpd是相辅相成的，必须在一起
Apache+MySQL+PHP可以同时安装在一台机器上；

mysql安装

源文件：http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
模块支持安装包：perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64

下载MySQL安装包

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[[email protected] src]# ls
httpd-2.2.34  httpd-2.2.34.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

解压并移动改名到安装路径

[[email protected] src]# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# mv mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] src]# ls /usr/local/
apache2  bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql  sbin  share  src
[[email protected] src]# ls /usr/local/mysql/
bin  COPYING  data  docs  include  lib  man  mysql-test  README  scripts  share  sql-bench  support-files
[[email protected] src]#

注意：/usr/local/mysql中的mysql不要提前创建，一定要是没有此文件夹才能移动；否则/mysql文件夹下面是/mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64文件夹；

创建mysql用户

新建一个mysql用户，用来方便后面调用mysql数据库

useradd mysql

创建/data目录

[[email protected] src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[[email protected] mysql]# ls
bin  COPYING  data  docs  include  lib  man  mysql-test  README  scripts  share  sql-bench  support-files
[[email protected] mysql]#
[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir /data/
[[email protected] mysql]# ls
bin  COPYING  data  docs  include  lib  man  mysql-test  README  scripts  share  sql-bench  support-files
[[email protected] mysql]#

安装数据库

指定mysql数据库的目录与用户名，错误提示处理；

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
将mysql的使用者用户名指定为mysql，数据库目录指定为刚刚创建的/data/mysql目录；

[[email protected] mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db:
Data::Dumper
[[email protected] mysql]#

此时提示缺少Dumper模块

查找dumper模块包

yum list |grep perl |grep -i dumper
列出含有perl模块，不区分大小写的dumper包；

[[email protected] mysql]# yum list |grep perl |grep -i dumper
perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64                     2.145-3.el7                base     
perl-XML-Dumper.noarch                      0.81-17.el7                base     
[[email protected] mysql]#

安装模块支持包

yum install -y perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64

继续执行指定目录与用户名，用echo $?检查命令是否成功

[[email protected] mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# echo $?
0
[[email protected] mysql]#

复制配置模板到etc下（默认有）

[[email protected] mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp：是否覆盖"/etc/my.cnf"？ n
[[email protected] mysql]# ls /etc/my.cnf
/etc/my.cnf
[[email protected] mysql]#

修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件

[[email protected] mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[[email protected] mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf

 [mysqld]
 datadir=/data/mysql
 socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
> symbolic-links=0
 # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
 # If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
 # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld_safe]
#log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
#pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
#!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
[[email protected] mysql]#

将datadir与socket修改，其他注释掉；

设置开机启动

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
vim /etc/init.d/mysqld

1指定目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
2添加开机启动项mysql
chkconfig --add mysqld
3查看开机启动项
chkconfig --list
如果看到mysql服务，345都是on则是成功；
指定345开启命令
chkconfig --level 345 mysql on

启动于关闭mysql服务

开启mysqld服务
service mysqld start
查询mysql是否启动
ps aux |grep mysqld
查询启动服务的端口
netstat -lntp
关闭mysql服务
killall mysqld