5安装与配置MySQL

Posted 2020-10-23 宛如一个ZD

最后当然还有我们的mysql啦（遇选择请选“Y”）

root@ubuntu:/# sudo apt-get install mysql-server

漫长的等待之后，我的界面出现了非常sao的紫色，提示说输入MySQL的root用户的密码，那就输入吧，我的是**********，OK，再次输入，OK

最后我们测试一下，MySQL到底安没安上……完美

root@ubuntu:/# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:(此处输入密码)

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.21-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type \'help;\' or \'\\h\' for help. Type \'\\c\' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

 

那就再看看有那些自带的数据库？完美，MySQL安装也到此结束了！

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

退出MySQL

mysql>exit

接下来就是我们的配置MySQL

1、因为MySQL的默认端口是3306，所以我们需要确认3306端口是否打开

root@ubuntu:/# ufw status

 

然后果然没打开，那就来打开吧

root@ubuntu:/# ufw allow 3306
Rule added
Rule added(v6)

最好检查一遍

root@ubuntu:/# ufw status

 

好的，那就下一步吧！

2、接着我们来看下MySQL的运行状态

root@ubuntu:/# netstat -antup

 

发现是127.0.0.1:3306，这可不行，因为127.0.0.1是本机IP，我们是需要开放出去的，那咱就来开放吧，进入mysql的配置文件（罪魁祸首就是红色标出来的，把这行注释掉就好了，即在这行前面加个#就可以注释了）,你TM告诉我不知道怎么改？？按键盘上的“insert”，还要不要我拿着你的手按方向键和删除键啊

root@ubuntu:/# cd /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf.d
root@ubuntu:/#ls
root@ubuntu:/#vi mysqld.conf
……
[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
user            = mysql
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port            = 3306
basedir         = /usr
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir          = /tmp
lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
skip-external-locking
#
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
  bind-address            = 127.0.0.1
#
# * Fine Tuning
#
……

 

最后应该是这样的，然后按“ESC”，输入“:wq”保存退出就好了

root@ubuntu:/# cd /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d
root@ubuntu:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d#ls
mysqld.cnf   mysqld_safe_syslog.cnf
root@ubuntu:/#vi mysqld.cnf

……
[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
user            = mysql
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port            = 3306
basedir         = /usr
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir          = /tmp
lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
skip-external-locking
#
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
# bind-address            = 127.0.0.1
#
# * Fine Tuning
#
……

 

 真的是最后一步，想要让配置生效，也要让它重启一次吧，不知道命令？这就来

root@ubuntu:/# service mysql restart

 

然后再来查看MySQL的运行状态,能看到：：：3306我就放心了，唉，现在心有点累了

root@ubuntu:/# netstat -antup

 

 

然后再来创建所需要的数据库和简单操作一下数据库。

1、进入数据库

root@ubuntu:/#mysql -u root -p
Enter password:(输入密码)

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.7.21-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type \'help;\' or \'\\h\' for help. Type \'\\c\' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

 

1、我们需要创建一个数据库，来供后面的教程使用

mysql> create database example;(注意分号)
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

 

2、进入数据库“example”

mysql> use example
Database changed

 

3、创建数据表

mysql> create table People(
    -> Id int,
    -> Name varchar(10),
    -> Age int,
    -> Gender varchar(5)
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

 

4、来看看我们的数据表的结构

mysql> desc People;                                                             
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field  | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Id     | int(11)     | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Name   | varchar(10) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Age    | int(11)     | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Gender | varchar(5)  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

 

5、来看看我们数据表的数据，嗯…没插入数据怎么会有数据呢

mysql> select * from People;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

 

6、那咱就来试试如何插入数据吧

mysql> insert into People value(1,\'Tom\',20,\'male\');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

 

7、看看我们刚刚插入的数据

mysql> select * from People;
+------+------+------+--------+
| Id   | Name | Age  | Gender |
+------+------+------+--------+
|    1 | Tom  |   20 | male   |
+------+------+------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 

完美，数据库的操作就先到这了。接下来才是重头戏。—授权

只要执行下面一句，就能创建一个用户，并给该用户授予有关权限

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to myUser@\'%\'identified by \'123456\';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

解释：

grant:授权关键字

all privileges：所有权限

*.*：所有数据库的所有表

myUser：被授权的用户名，即登录的用户名

%：表示所有主机都可以访问

\'123456\'：被授权的用户名的密码，即登录的密码

 最后退出MySQL

mysql>exit
Bye

 

至此，（一）的任务已经完成了，下面就是（二）的时间了，首页传送门