英语单选The literature and arts of a period _____ its values and tastes.

Posted 2023-03-31

The literature and arts of a period _____ its values and tasetes.
A.reflects B.reflect C.is reflected D.are reflected
为什么选B不选A？

一个时代的文学和艺术反映了其价值和品味。
reflect的主语是the literature and arts，两项，所以谓语动词不能用第三人称单数，不能选A追问

那我这还有一题
The teacher and friend _____ (be) friendly to us.

arts 并没带有the

追答

is，前一个是和”，文学和艺术，固定说法the literature and arts，而不能说文学兼艺术，第二个是“兼” “老师兼朋友

参考技术A 此句中的 The literature and arts 是小写，指两项不同的事物，复数概念，所以谓语动词也要用复数形式。如果大写（The Literature and Art —— 刊物名）则谓语动词应该用单数第三人称。

其实，实际生活中不乏听到有人会把这个句子说成 The literature and arts of a period reflects its values and tastes. 语法上对这个现象用“就近原则”来解释（主语离谓语动词最近的是一个单数概念的名词 a period）。因此，很多老师不认为这是错句。本回答被提问者采纳 参考技术B 可以按照翻译理解：
一个时代的文学和艺术反应了这个时代的价值观和品位。
按照句式可以判定为主动语态，排除CD选项。
动词reflect的主语是文学和艺术，为复数，用第一人称而非第三人称。
故为B选项。 参考技术C 因为这句话的主语不是第三人称单数啊 所以动词不用加S 参考技术D 英语中主语决定谓语的单复数形式，重点就是抽丝剥茧，找出句中的真正主语，以本句为例，这句话真正的主语是the literature and arts, 而of a period是后置定语，修饰主语，可以理解为一段时期/一个时代的文学和艺术，这个主语包含两个部分，文学和艺术两方面，所以谓语要用复数形式；你说的arts没有the是因为前面有the，所以arts前面的the被省略了。
第二题的主语是the teacher and friend，也包含两个部分，老师和学生两部分，所以谓语应该是复数are，意思是老师和朋友都对我很友好。
如果主语后加with，作主语补足语，那with附带的成分，就不对谓语产生影响。比如The teacher with some students is coming into the classroom. 这句话真正的主语是the teacher,所以谓语就是单数。追问

第二题不对。the teacher and friend讲的应该是一亦师亦友的一个人，并不是the的省略。 而且答案也确实是is/was

追答

这样啊，是因为and后面接的是一个单数名词，不是复数，也没有冠词修饰，所以跟前面的名词构成一个整体的关系？嗯，没考虑到这点，想错了。谢谢解答。

D02 TED Elon Mulsk The future we're building — and boring

摘要：精选TED. 每个音频不超过2分钟，学英语和吸收伟大思想两不误

音频： https://n1audio.hjfile.cn/st/de745862-d5f4-4ef4-9218-d79361ca8512.mp3

 原文：

01:17
EM: Yeah, absolutely. So this is the first time -- Just to show what we‘re talking about. So a couple of key things that are important in having a 3D tunnel network. First of all, you have to be able to integrate the entrance and exit of the tunnel seamlessly into the fabric of the city. So by having an elevator, sort of a car skate, that‘s on an elevator, you can integrate the entrance and exits to the tunnel network just by using two parking spaces. And then the car gets on a skate. There‘s no speed limit here, so we‘re designing this to be able to operate at 200 kilometers an hour.

01:59
CA: How much?

02:00
EM: 200 kilometers an hour, or about 130 miles per hour. So you should be able to get from, say, Westwood to LAX in six minutes -- five, six minutes.

02:13
(Applause)

02:17
CA: So possibly, initially done, it‘s like on a sort of toll road-type basis.

02:21
EM: Yeah.

02:22
CA: Which, I guess, alleviates some traffic from the surface streets as well.

02:26
EM: So, I don‘t know if people noticed it in the video, but there‘s no real limit to how many levels of tunnel you can have. You can go much further deep than you can go up. The deepest mines are much deeper than the tallest buildings are tall, so you can alleviate any arbitrary level of urban congestion with a 3D tunnel network. This is a very important point. So a key rebuttal to the tunnels is that if you add one layer of tunnels, that will simply alleviate congestion, it will get used up, and then you‘ll be back where you started, back with congestion. But you can go to any arbitrary number of tunnels, any number of levels.

03:05
CA: But people -- seen traditionally, it‘s incredibly expensive to dig, and that would block this idea.