centos7安装mysql5.7

Posted 2020-10-14

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我打算在我的centos7.2上面装一个mysql5.7,我选择编译安装

1 要安装,首先要有安装包,下载去

因为mysql5.7要求boost,所以建议大家尽量选择自带boost的mysql源码包下载来安装,这样就不用麻烦单独安装boost了.我下载的是mysql-boost-5.7.18.tar.gz

[[email protected] ~]# ll mysql-boost-5.7.18.tar.gz

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 61612105 11月 9 2017 mysql-boost-5.7.18.tar.gz

2 检查系统有没有安装mysql和boost

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa | grep boost

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql

3 安装mysql所需的一些依赖包

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel bison perl perl-devel perl perl-devel

...........................作为依赖被升级:

libdb.x86_64 0:5.3.21-20.el7

libdb-utils.x86_64 0:5.3.21-20.el7

libstdc++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-16.el7

完毕！

4 安装了依赖包,就可以开始安装我们的mysql了.

1) 创建mysql用户和组

为了安全起见,mysql用户不登录,而且mysql作为系统服务,指定mysql用户的群组为mysql群组

[[email protected] ~]# groupadd mysql;useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

useradd 的-r参数是创建系统账号,-g指定用户所属组为mysql,-s /bin/false 指定用户的shell为禁止login,其实这里还可以设置为/sbin/nologin.

/bin/false是最严格的禁止login选项，一切服务都不能用。

/sbin/nologin只是不允许login系统.

当用户配置成/sbin/nologin时，如果再使用该用户ssh到linux操作系统，会提示#This account is currently not available.

当用户配置成/bin/false时，用户不能登录,使用ssh之后不会有任何提示，用户切换不过去.

2) 创建数据目录

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/data

3) 解压包

[[email protected] ~]# tar -zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.18.tar.gz

.........................

4) 编译

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.18]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_BOOST=boost;make;make install

.......................

哎,因为我是用渣配置的虚拟机,编译搞去我一个多小时.

编译安装完成以后,下面我们开始为使用做准备

5) 初始化

把mysql安装目录的所属用户和组改成mysql

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.18]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[[email protected] mysql]# pwd

/usr/local/mysql

[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql .

[[email protected] mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .

[[email protected] mysql]#

做好了上面的,就开始初始化了,因为生产环境中,经常会要求开启ssl功能,我这里初始化就开启了

[[email protected] mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data

2017-11-10T11:41:27.358625Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2017-11-10T11:41:29.728684Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790

2017-11-10T11:41:30.113932Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

2017-11-10T11:41:30.796879Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 18512606-c60c-11e7-b780-000c294e66bd.

2017-11-10T11:41:30.924616Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table ‘mysql.gtid_executed‘ cannot be opened.

2017-11-10T11:41:30.929250Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: gDqqGu8uer+a

6) 把mysql添加到系统服务

[[email protected] mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]#

7) 替换配置文件:

[[email protected] support-files]# cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak

[[email protected] support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

my.cnf my.cnf.bak my.cnf.d/

[[email protected] support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

cp：是否覆盖"/etc/my.cnf"？ y

[[email protected] support-files]#

8) 赋予权限:

[[email protected] sys]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/

[[email protected] sys]# chown -R mysql.mysql /var/run/mysql/

[[email protected] sys]# chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql/

[[email protected] sys]# chown -R mysql.mysql /var/log/mysql/

[[email protected] sys]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/

9) 启动mysql:

[[email protected] sys]# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL.Logging to ‘/var/log/mysql/mysql.log‘.

. SUCCESS!

10) 连接到mysql:

[[email protected] bin]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can‘t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/tmp/mysql.sock‘ (2)

这是由于我们连接数据库使用的主机名参数为“localhost”，或者未使用主机名参数、服务器默认使用“localhost”做为主机名。使用主机名参数为“localhost”连接mysql服务端时，mysql客户端会认为是连接本机，所以会尝试以socket文件方式进行连接(socket文件连接方式，比“ip：端口”方式效率更高)，这时根据配置文件“/etc/mysql.cnf”的路径，未找到相应的socket文件，就会引发此错误。

所以需要让mysql的客户端能找到scoket文件,这个参数在my.cnf文件里面配置

[[email protected] bin]# vi /etc/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see

..............................................

[client]

socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]

socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

添加配置后,重启mysql

[[email protected] bin]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

.................................