CentOS7 Mini安装Oracle

Posted 2020-08-09

以下操作在root用户下进行

1、mini版centos7没有ifconfig指令，可以如下操作

[[email protected] ~]# yum upgrade
[[email protected] ~]# yum install net-tools

2、安装Oracle必须要用可视化界面，打造centos7桌面如下

[[email protected] ~]# yum grouplist
[[email protected] ~]# yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop"

3、在本机系统（即linux物理系统）启动桌面，不可以在secureCRT界面启动；注意下面新加的oracle用户要成功启动桌面，需要重启系统

[[email protected] ~]# startx

4、检查Oracle所需包环境是否满足，也可以不检查直接安装必须包，如果已经有的了，系统就不会安装了

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers glibc-static kernel-headers pdksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libgomp libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libstdc++-static make numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel

5、安装必须包

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install kernel-headers*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install gcc-c++*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install numactl-devel*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install glibc-headers*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install glibc-common*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install binutils*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install unixODBC-devel*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libaio*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install make*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install elfutils-libelf*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install sysstat*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install glibc-static*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install glibc-devel*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install glibc*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel-static*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libaio*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install gcc*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libgcc*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libstdc++-static*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libaio-devel*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libstdc++*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libaio-devel*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install unixODBC*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libstdc++-devel*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install compat-libstdc++*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libgcc*
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libgomp*

又查找补充的包

yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*i686 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc*.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.devel libgcc libgcc*.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.devel libXi libXi*.i686 libXtst libXtst*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686

6、创建两个用户组

[[email protected] ~]# groupadd dba
[[email protected] ~]# groupadd oinstall

7、添加一个oracle用户，并添加到dba和oinstall两个组内；然后再设置oracle用户密码（-m作用是创建用户登录目录）

[[email protected] ~]# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[[email protected] ~]# passwd oracle

8、创建安装目录，并修改目录附属于oralce用户及oinstall用户组（-p作用是创建目录及其子目录，-R处理目录及其子目录）

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/11gR2
[[email protected] ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /opt/oraInventory

　[[email protected] ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oraInventory

9、添加环境变量，这时要切换到oralce用户下，并在主目录下编辑.bash_profile文件

[[email protected] ~]# su oracle -
[[email protected] root]$ cd ~
[[email protected] ~]$ vim .bash_profile

环境变量文件如下

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11gR2

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11gR2

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH
 
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
 
export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8"
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".bash_profile" 24L, 451C written                     

10、使文件立即生效

[[email protected] ~]$ . .bash_profile

 11、官网下载linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip和linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip两个文件上传至centos系统/tmp文件夹下

windows与linux互传文件软件，我用的是FlashFXP ，在快速连接中，选择的连接方式为SFTP over SSH

12、上传完成后，切换到/tmp目录下，unzip解压，如果没有unzip命令，切换回root用户，yum安装，此处已有

[[email protected] tmp]$ unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
[[email protected] tmp]$ unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

13、进入物理系统，重启后，oralce用户登入，使用命令startx，启动桌面

[[email protected] ~]$ startx

14、进入桌面后，打开oracle解压后的database文件夹，找到runInstaller文件，在该文件夹空白处右键打开终端命令窗口，如下图

15、在终端内执行runInstaller命令,开始安装oralce数据库

[[email protected] database]$ ./runInstaller

16、安装时候选择server class项、advance、只安装软件(sofy only)

17、安装过程中会出现如下情况，将鼠标移至小竖线出，可以拉伸出弹出窗，或者右键close掉

18、先创建监听才能创建数据库

[[email protected] Desktop]$  netca

19、安装成功后创建数据库，依然在桌面操作，右键打开终端

[[email protected] Desktop]$ dbca

20、global database name那填orcl（与前面配置对应）

21、下面就是自定义配置，详情就百度吧

创建示例表（去除冗余数据，可以不创建，此处创建是因为做案例）

内存调优

修改字符集

一路next到finish

 

下面测试数据库

1、依然在终端，启动监听

 lsnrctl start

2、进入SQLPlus，连接数据库

[[email protected] Desktop]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL> conn sys/密码@orcl as sysdba