Centos7.3-mysql5.7复制安装过程

Posted 2020-10-13 ld1977

一、环境

192.168.56.102 为主服务器

192.168.56.101 为从服务器

mysql5.7.20 二进制安装包环境

 

1、 下载免编译安装包并进行安装

从官网下载 mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

官网：  http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@mysql-slave ~]# mv mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql-slave ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql-slave mysql]# mkdir –p data/mysql #存放数据目录
[root@mysql-slave mysql]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin
[root@mysql-slave mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql –initialize   
# 初始化并安装,会提示产生一个默认密码：root@localhost: Tb8lw2pmN&dH

支持加密
# ./bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql

#/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
启动看看，我这里没有成功，发现配置文件存在问题。
把配置文件复制到/etc/my.cnf

# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost bin]# cat /etc/my.cnf  #照如下修改配置文件

[mysqld]

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.

# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,

# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the

# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

character_set_server=utf8

init_connect=\'SET NAMES utf8\'

 

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=

pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

 

#

# include all files from the config directory

#

!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

 

[client]

default-character-set=utf8　　

 然后设置链接，启动服务

[root@localhost bin]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost bin]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysqld

连接mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot –p
-bash: mysql: command not found
[root@localhost mysql]# cd bin
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysql
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \\g.

Your MySQL connection id is 4

Server version: 5.7.20

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type \'help;\' or \'\\h\' for help. Type \'\\c\' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;

ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

mysql> alter user \'root\'@\'localhost\' identified by \'1\';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

     mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

查看日志文件

[root@mysql-m mysql]# cat mysql-m.err

2、    复制配置

2.1 在主服务器上的/etc/my.cnf上开启log-bin：

在[mysqld]下添加
server-id=1
log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/mysql-bin
[root@mysql-m mysql]# systemctl restart mysqld

2.2 建立复制帐户

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to \'rep\'@\'192.168.56.%\' identified by \'1\'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
锁表：
mysql> flush table with read lock;
查看主库状态：
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      599 |              |                  |                   |

新开一个窗口，备份主库

[root@mysql-m ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p\'1\' --events -A -B | gzip > /server/backup/mysql_bak.$(data+%F).sql.gz
-bash: data+%F: command not found
mysqldump: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
解锁：
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

3、从库配置

[root@mysql-s mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf  #如果有开启bin-log建议关闭。
server-id=2
重启mysql服务
[root@mysql-s mysql]# systemctl restart mysqld
检查从库log-bin
mysql> show variables like \'log_bin\';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| log_bin       | OFF   |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

把备份文件复制到从库并解压
[root@mysql-s ~]# cd /server/backup/
[root@mysql-s backup]# gzip -d mysql_bak.sql.gz
[root@mysql-s backup]# ll
total 764
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 780324 Nov  5 14:59 mysql_bak.sql
还原备份文件到从库
[root@mysql-s backup]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql-s mysql]# bin/mysql -uroot -p\'1\' < /server/backup/mysql_bak.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

从库上执行：

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
    -> MASTER_HOST=\'192.168.56.104\',
    -> MASTER_PORT=3306,
    -> MASTER_USER=\'rep\',
    -> MASTER_PASSWORD=\'1\',
    -> MASTER_LOG_FILE=\'mysql-bin.000001\',
    -> MASTER_LOG_POS=599;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)
开启从库
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show slave status\\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: 
                  Master_Host: 192.168.56.104
                  Master_User: rep
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 599
               Relay_Log_File: mysql-s-relay-bin.000001
                Relay_Log_Pos: 4
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: No
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

但出现了错误，如上图红色，查了一下mysql下的日志，报server UUID相同的错误

2017-11-05T07:12:16.236482Z 6 [ERROR] Slave I/O for channel \'\': Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL serve

网上查了一下，是由于虚机复制过来的，两套库uuid相同了，

原因分析：

mysql 5.6的复制引入了uuid的概念，各个复制结构中的server_uuid得保证不一样，但是查看到直接copy  data文件夹后server_uuid是相同的，show variables like \'%server_uuid%\';

解决方法：

找到data文件夹下的auto.cnf文件，修改里面的uuid值，保证各个db的uuid不一样，重启db即可

[root@mysql-s mysql]# vim auto.cnf 
[auto]
server-uuid=ff3d3303-c16d-11e7-b885-080027c5cf4b
把上面uuid最后原来3b-修改为4b重启数据库后，启动从库，成功！！！
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show slave status\\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

                  Master_Host: 192.168.56.104

                  Master_User: rep

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 599

               Relay_Log_File: mysql-s-relay-bin.000004

                Relay_Log_Pos: 320

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 599

              Relay_Log_Space: 695

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id: 1

                  Master_UUID: ff3d3303-c16d-11e7-b885-080027c5cf3b

             Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/master.info

                    SQL_Delay: 0

          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates

           Master_Retry_Count: 86400

                  Master_Bind:

      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:

               Master_SSL_Crl:

           Master_SSL_Crlpath:

           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:

            Executed_Gtid_Set:

                Auto_Position: 0

         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:

                 Channel_Name:

           Master_TLS_Version:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

测试主从复制：

在主库上创建aaa数据库：

mysql> create database aaa;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
查看从库：
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| aaa                |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)