linux环境安装oracle11G准备环境（自学笔记1）

Posted 2020-10-12

系统选择红帽企业版5.4 64位，数据库：oracle11G-R2

oracle安装准备环境：

1：yum服务器配置：

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo 
[Server]
name=Server
baseurl=file:///iso/Server
gpgcheck=0

[VT]
name=VT
baseurl=file:///iso/VT
gpgcheck=0

2：安装下列软件包：

binutils-2.17.50.0.6
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (32
bit)
elfutils-libelf-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125
gcc-4.1.2
gcc-c++-4.1.2
glibc-2.5-24
glibc-2.5-24 (32 bit)
glibc-common-2.5
glibc-devel-2.5
glibc-devel-2.5 (32
bit)
glibc-headers-2.5
ksh-20060214
libaio-0.3.106
libaio-0.3.106 (32 bit)
libaio-devel-0.3.106
libaio-devel-0.3.106 (32 bit)
libgcc-4.1.2
libgcc-4.1.2 (32 bit)
libstdc++-4.1.2
libstdc++-4.1.2 (32
bit)
libstdc++-devel-4.1.2
make-3.81
sysstat-7.0.2
unixODBC.x86_64
unixODBC.i386
unixODBC-devel.x86_64
unixODBC-devel.i386

3：修改/etc/redhat-release为如下：

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
 redhat-5

4：执行下列命令添加参数到/etc/sysctl.conf 并执行sysctl -p

echo "fs.file-max = 65536" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "kernel.shmall = 2097152" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "kernel.shmmni = 4096" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "kernel.shmmax = 1073741824" >> /etc/sysctl.conf          
echo "net.core.rmem_default=262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.rmem_max=262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.wmem_default=262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.wmem_max=262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

5：执行下列命令添加参数到/etc/security/limits.conf 

echo "oracle soft nproc 2047" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "oracle hard nproc 16384" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "oracle soft nofile 1024" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "oracle hard nofile 65536" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

6：执行下列命令添加参数到在 /etc/pam.d/login

echo "session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so" >>/etc/pam.d/login

7：修改/etc/hosts为如下：

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain           localhost 
192.168.21.101  station90.example.com           station90

8：oracle环境变量：

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba -d  /home/oracle   oracle 
echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracle
echo "export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo ‘export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1‘ >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_SID=orcl"  >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo ‘export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib‘  >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo ‘export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/lib:/usr/X11R6/lib‘  >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo ‘export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/jre/lib/i386‘  >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo ‘export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/jre/lib/i386/server‘  >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo ‘export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib‘  >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo ‘export CLASS_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib‘  >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo ‘export CLASS_PATH=$CLASS_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib‘  >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo ‘export CLASS_PATH=$CLASS_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib‘  >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo ‘export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin‘  >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export NLS_LANG=american_america.AL32UTF8" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_TERM=xterm" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export EDITOR=vi" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo ‘export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH‘ >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export LANG=en_US" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

9：创建目录，跟设置权限

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
mkdir -p /stage
mkdir -p /home/oracle
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chown oracle:oinstall /stage
chown oracle:oinstall /home/oracle

10：解压缩oracle11G软件，并且将解压出来文件加入到oracle用户和oinstall组

[[email protected] u01]# ll
总计 2297868
drwxr-xr-x 4 root   root           4096 10-24 20:09 app
drwxr-xr-x 8 oracle oinstall       4096 2009-08-21 database
-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root     1239269270 10-24 19:43 linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root     1111416131 10-24 19:44 linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
drwx------ 2 root   root          16384 10-24 18:43 lost+found
[[email protected] u01]# chown oracle:oinstall database

11：root用户下执行xhost+

12：切换oracle用户找到/u01/database  执行./runInstaller

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