nginx+tomcat+redis sesson id主从复制

Posted 2020-10-11

   Redis与Memcached的区别:
    内存利用率：使用简单的key-value存储的话，Memcached的内存利用率更高，而如果Redis采用hash结构来做key-value存储，由于其组合式的压缩，其内存利用率会高于Memcached。

    性能对比：由于Redis只使用单核，而Memcached可以使用多核，所以平均每一个核上Redis在存储小数据时比Memcached性能更高。而在100k以上的数据中，Memcached性能要高于Redis，虽然Redis最近也在存储大数据的性能上进行优化，但是比起Memcached，还是稍有逊色。

 

Redis支持数据的持久化，可以将内存中的数据保持在磁盘中，重启的时候可以再次加载进行使用

Redis支持数据的备份，即master-slave模式的数据备份。

Redis不仅仅支持简单的key-Value类型的数据，同时还提供list，set，zset，hash等数据结构的存储。

 

 

nginx：   192.168.4.4

tomcat-1:    192.168.4.5

tomcat-2:    192.168.4.6

redis-1:   192.168.4.7

redis-2:   192.168.4.8

vip：192.168.4.100

 

一、nginx安装与配置

1.1 安装nginx

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install zlib-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel

[[email protected] ~]# tar xf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

[[email protected] ~]# cd nginx-1.6.2

[[email protected] nginx-1.6.2]# ./configure && make && make install

[[email protected] nginx-1.6.2]# cd

[[email protected] ~]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/

2.2 配置nginx实现负载均衡

[[email protected] ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

…

    33  gzip  on;

   upstream backend {

    server 192.168.4.5:8080 weight=1 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=10s;

    server 192.168.4.6:8080 weight=1 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=10s;

}

39     server {

 40         listen       80;

 41         server_name  localhost;

 42

 43         #charset koi8-r;

 44

 45         #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

 46

 47         location / {

 48             root   html;

 49             index  index.html index.htm;

                proxy_pass http://backend;

 51         }

…

[[email protected] ~]# nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[[email protected] ~]# nginx && netstat -anpt |grep :80

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      4123/nginx

 

二、安装tomcat-1\\2

2.1 jdk安装

[[email protected] ~]# tar xf jdk-7u65-linux-x64.gz

[[email protected] ~]# mv jdk1.7.0_65 /usr/local/java

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/java.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java

export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

[[email protected] ~]# source /etc/profile.d/java.sh

2.2 安装tomcat

[[email protected] ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-7.0.54.tar.gz

[[email protected] ~]# mv apache-tomcat-7.0.54 /usr/local/tomcat

2.3 将tomcat调用redis的包放入tomcat/lib下

[[email protected] ~]# cp tomcat-redis-session-manage-tomcat7.jar tomcat-juli.jar commons-logging-1.1.3.jar commons-pool2-2.2.jar jedis-2.5.2.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib

2.4 修改context.xml配置文件支持调用redis

[[email protected] ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/context.xml

<Context>

…

<Valve className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionHandlerValve" />

        <Manager className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionManager"  

        host="192.168.4.7"                             #redis1的ip

        port="6379"

        database="0" 

        maxInactiveInterval="60" />

</Context>

 

2.5 修改server.xml文件以支持调取创建的测试页

[[email protected] ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

124       <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"

125             unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

         <Context docBase="/web/webapp" path="" reloadable="false" >

        </Context>

2.6 创建测试页

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /web/webapp

[[email protected] ~]# cd /web/webapp

[[email protected] webapp]# vim index.jsp

Session ID:<%= session.getId() %><BR>

SessionPort:<%= request.getServerPort() %>

<% out.println("This tomcat server 192.168.4.5");%>     #tomcat2改成192.168.4.6

 

2.7 启动tomcat

[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

[[email protected] ~]# netstat -anpt |grep :8080

tcp        0      0 :::8080                     :::*                        LISTEN      26474/java  

 

三、安装redis-1/2

3.1  安装redis

http://download.redis.io/releases/

1和2 安装方式一样，修改的配置文件不一样（下面看）

[[email protected] ~]# tar xf redis-3.2.5.tar.gz

[[email protected] ~]# cd redis-3.2.5

[[email protected] redis-3.2.5]# make

 

这里如果报错，tclsh8.5: not found 发现少了tcl 报错 
  解决方法：下载，安装tcl

#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/tcl/tcl8.5.9-src.tar.gz

#cd /tcl8.5.9-src/unix

#./configure

#make

#make install

 

接着make && make install 就没报错了

 

3.2 创建安装路径

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/bin

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/etc

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/var

 

src目录下这些文件作用如下
    redis-server：Redis服务器的daemon启动程序
    redis-cli：Redis命令行操作工具.你也可以用telnet根据其纯文本协议来操作
    redis-benchmark：Redis性能测试工具，测试Redis在你的系统及你的配置下的读写性能.
    redis-stat：Redis状态检测工具，可以检测Redis当前状态参数及延迟状况

 

[[email protected] redis-3.2.5]# cd src/

[[email protected] src]# cp redis-benchmark  redis-check-aof redis-cli redis-server  /usr/local/redis/bin/

[[email protected] src]# cp ../redis.conf  /usr/local/redis/etc

 

3.3 修改配置文件

[[email protected] ~]# vim /usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf

128 daemonize yes     #是否把redis-server启动在后台，默认是“否”。若改成yes，会生成一个pid

 61 bind 0.0.0.0      #任意主机都可以访问

 

3.4 redis的关闭启动

 

[[email protected] ~]# killall -9 redis-server

[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf

[[email protected] ~]# netstat -anpt |grep :6379

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6379                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      29516/redis-server

 

 

3.5 监控redis

[[email protected] ~]# redis-cli -p 6379  monitor

OK

…

测试：访问192.168.4.4  

 

发现测试页面发生变化， 变得是ip  sessionid不变

 

四、安装keepavlied 实现redis主从高可用

4.1 修改redis-2的配置文件

[[email protected] src]# vim /usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf

128 daemonize yes

61 bind 0.0.0.0

265 # slaveof <masterip> <masterport>

 slaveof 192.168.4.7 6379                     #填写redis-1的ip和端口，同步redis-1的信息

 

4.2 启动并测试

[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf

[[email protected] ~]# netstat -anpt |grep redis

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6379                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      29517/redis-server 

tcp        0      0 192.168.4.8:42173           192.168.4.7:6379            ESTABLISHED 29517/redis-server

 

测试主从复制

[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -h 192.168.4.7

192.168.4.7:6379> set name zhangsan

OK

 

[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -h 192.168.4.8

192.168.4.8:6379> get name

"zhangsan"

 

4.3 安装keepavlied

两台安装方式一样，配置文件不一样

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install keepalived

[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig keepalived --add

[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig keepalived on

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

 

global_defs {

   notification_email {

        [email protected]

   }

   notification_email_from [email protected]

   smtp_server 127.0.0.1

   smtp_connect_timeout 30

   router_id f-1                #将redis-2改为他的的标识

}

 

vrrp_script redis {

        script /opt/chk_redis.sh

        interval 2

        weight -10

}

 

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    state MASTER

    interface eth0

    virtual_router_id 51

    priority 100

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS

        auth_pass 1111

}

track_script {

        redis

        }

 

    virtual_ipaddress {

        192.168.4.100           #vip

    }

}

[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start

 

4.4 keepavlied健康检查脚本

[[email protected] ~]# vim /opt/check_redis.sh

#!/bin/bash

# check redis server st="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"

REDIS="/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf"

redispid=$(ps -C redis-server --no-header |wc -l)

if [ $redispid -eq 0 ];then

$REDIS

sleep 3

redispid=$(ps -C redis-server --no-header |wc -l)

if [ $redispid -eq 0 ];then

/etc/init.d/keepalived stop

echo "Keepalived stopped ,please check your redis !"|tee -a /var/log/messages

fi

fi

 

五、修改tomcat支持vip

5.1 在两台tomcat做相同的操作

将redis的ip地址改为vip的ip地址，以支持vip漂移

[[email protected] ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/context.xml

…..

36         host="192.168.4.100"     # 将192.168.4.7改为 192.168.4.100 

……

 

5.2关闭redis-1的keepavlied和redis服务

[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived stop

Stopping keepalived:                                       [  OK  ]

[[email protected] ~]# killall -9 redis-server

 

 

测试vip漂移：

查看redis-2

 

测试session id主从复制：