查看mysql表结构和表创建语句的方法
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首先展示一下创建数据库时的语句：
mysql>create table worker( id char(11) primary key, name varchar(20), work varchar(20), part varchar(20), sex enum(‘男‘,‘女‘) not null, birth date );
这是刚开始的时候创建的语句。以上为例介绍查看mysql中表结构：
1.desc 表名
例如：要查看worker数据表的表结构，先进入数据表所在的数据库，然后执行下面语句：
mysql>desc worker;
得到的结果：
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | sex | enum(‘ | NO | | NULL | | | work | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | part | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | id | char(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | | | birth | date | YES | | NULL | | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2.show create table 表名
例如：mysql>show create table worker; #注意：这里同样要求进入到表所在的数据库当中；
得到的结果：
+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Table | Create Table | +--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | worker | CREATE TABLE `worker` ( `name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL, `sex` enum(‘男‘,‘女‘) NOT NULL, `work` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL, `part` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL, `id` char(11) NOT NULL, `birth` date DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 | +--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
可以看到跟输入的是不一样的，得到的更加详细
3.show columns from 表名
例如：mysql>show columns from worker; #注意：这里同样要求进入到表所在的数据库当中；
mysql> show columns from worker; +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | sex | enum(‘ | NO | | NULL | | | work | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | part | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | id | char(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | | | birth | date | YES | | NULL | | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4.在information_schema库中查询
use information_schema;
select * from columns where table_name=‘表名‘;
如下：
mysql> use information_schema; Database changed mysql> select * from columns where table_name=‘worker‘; +---------------+--------------+------------+-------------+------------------+----------------+-------------+-----------+--------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------+------------+-------+---------------------------------+----------------+ | TABLE_CATALOG | TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | COLUMN_NAME | ORDINAL_POSITION | COLUMN_DEFAULT | IS_NULLABLE | DATA_TYPE | CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH | CHARACTER_OCTET_LENGTH | NUMERIC_PRECISION | NUMERIC_SCALE | CHARACTER_SET_NAME | COLLATION_NAME | COLUMN_TYPE | COLUMN_KEY | EXTRA | PRIVILEGES | COLUMN_COMMENT | +---------------+--------------+------------+-------------+------------------+----------------+-------------+-----------+--------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------+------------+-------+---------------------------------+----------------+ | def | demo | worker | name | 1 | NULL | YES | varchar | 20 | 60 | NULL | NULL | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | varchar(20) | | | select,insert,update,references | | | def | demo | worker | sex | 2 | NULL | NO | enum | 2 | 6 | NULL | NULL | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | enum(‘ | | | select,insert,update,references | | | def | demo | worker | work | 3 | NULL | YES | varchar | 20 | 60 | NULL | NULL | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | varchar(20) | | | select,insert,update,references | | | def | demo | worker | part | 4 | NULL | YES | varchar | 20 | 60 | NULL | NULL | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | varchar(20) | | | select,insert,update,references | | | def | demo | worker | id | 5 | NULL | NO | char | 11 | 33 | NULL | NULL | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | char(11) | PRI | | select,insert,update,references | | | def | demo | worker | birth | 6 | NULL | YES | date | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | date | | | select,insert,update,references | | +---------------+--------------+------------+-------------+------------------+----------------+-------------+-----------+--------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------+------------+-------+---------------------------------+----------------+
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