Redis安装与卸载
Posted Ouka傅
tags:
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Redis是一个开源的使用ANSI C语言编写、支持网络、可基于内存亦可持久化的日志型、Key-Value数据库，
并提供多种语言的API。它支持丰富的数据类型，和高速的内存读写。正在逐步取代memcached的地位。
下面就演示下在centos6.9的32位下的安装配置过程。
1、安装
2、配置
3、卸载
①我们可以通过在官网下载tar.gz的安装包，或者通过wget的方式下载
[[email protected] data]# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.1.tar.gz --2017-09-03 09:51:27-- http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.1.tar.gz 正在解析主机 download.redis.io... 109.74.203.151 正在连接 download.redis.io|109.74.203.151|:80... 已连接。 已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK 长度：1711660 (1.6M) [application/x-gzip] 正在保存至: “redis-4.0.1.tar.gz” 57% [=====================================> ] 981,091 298K/s eta(英国中部时
64% [==========================================> ] 1,105,869 309K/s eta(英国中部时
72% [===============================================> ] 1,237,657 321K/s eta(英国中部时
80% [====================================================> ] 1,376,455 334K/s eta(英国中部时
86% [========================================================> ] 1,478,801 341K/s eta(英国中部时
92% [============================================================> ] 1,582,549 349K/s eta(英国中部时
100%[==================================================================>] 1,711,660 380K/s in 4.6s 2017-09-03 09:51:32 (363 KB/s) - 已保存 “redis-4.0.1.tar.gz” [1711660/1711660]) [[email protected] data]#
②解压
[[email protected] data]# ll 总用量 1672 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1711660 7月 24 22:59 redis-4.0.1.tar.gz [[email protected] data]# tar -zxvf redis-4.0.1.tar.gz redis-4.0.1/ redis-4.0.1/.gitignore redis-4.0.1/00-RELEASENOTES redis-4.0.1/BUGS redis-4.0.1/CONTRIBUTING redis-4.0.1/COPYING redis-4.0.1/INSTALL redis-4.0.1/MANIFESTO redis-4.0.1/Makefile redis-4.0.1/README.md redis-4.0.1/deps/ redis-4.0.1/deps/Makefile redis-4.0.1/deps/README.md redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/ redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/.gitignore redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/.travis.yml redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/CHANGELOG.md redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/COPYING redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/Makefile redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/README.md redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/adapters/ redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/adapters/ae.h redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/adapters/glib.h redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/adapters/ivykis.h redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/adapters/libev.h redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/adapters/libevent.h redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis/adapters/libuv.h 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redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/src/luaconf.h redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/src/lualib.h redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/src/lundump.c redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/src/lundump.h redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/src/lvm.c redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/src/lvm.h redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/src/lzio.c redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/src/lzio.h redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/src/print.c redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/src/strbuf.c redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/src/strbuf.h redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/ redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/README redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/bisect.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/cf.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/echo.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/env.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/factorial.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/fib.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/fibfor.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/globals.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/hello.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/life.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/luac.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/printf.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/readonly.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/sieve.lua redis-4.0.1/deps/lua/test/sort.lua 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redis-4.0.1/tests/unit/type/list.tcl redis-4.0.1/tests/unit/type/set.tcl redis-4.0.1/tests/unit/type/string.tcl redis-4.0.1/tests/unit/type/zset.tcl redis-4.0.1/tests/unit/wait.tcl redis-4.0.1/utils/ redis-4.0.1/utils/build-static-symbols.tcl redis-4.0.1/utils/cluster_fail_time.tcl redis-4.0.1/utils/corrupt_rdb.c redis-4.0.1/utils/create-cluster/ redis-4.0.1/utils/create-cluster/.gitignore redis-4.0.1/utils/create-cluster/README redis-4.0.1/utils/create-cluster/create-cluster redis-4.0.1/utils/generate-command-help.rb redis-4.0.1/utils/graphs/ redis-4.0.1/utils/graphs/commits-over-time/ redis-4.0.1/utils/graphs/commits-over-time/README.md redis-4.0.1/utils/graphs/commits-over-time/genhtml.tcl redis-4.0.1/utils/hashtable/ redis-4.0.1/utils/hashtable/README redis-4.0.1/utils/hashtable/rehashing.c redis-4.0.1/utils/hyperloglog/ redis-4.0.1/utils/hyperloglog/.gitignore redis-4.0.1/utils/hyperloglog/hll-err.rb redis-4.0.1/utils/hyperloglog/hll-gnuplot-graph.rb redis-4.0.1/utils/install_server.sh redis-4.0.1/utils/lru/ redis-4.0.1/utils/lru/README redis-4.0.1/utils/lru/lfu-simulation.c redis-4.0.1/utils/lru/test-lru.rb redis-4.0.1/utils/redis-copy.rb redis-4.0.1/utils/redis-sha1.rb redis-4.0.1/utils/redis_init_script redis-4.0.1/utils/redis_init_script.tpl redis-4.0.1/utils/releasetools/ redis-4.0.1/utils/releasetools/01_create_tarball.sh redis-4.0.1/utils/releasetools/02_upload_tarball.sh redis-4.0.1/utils/releasetools/03_test_release.sh redis-4.0.1/utils/releasetools/04_release_hash.sh redis-4.0.1/utils/releasetools/changelog.tcl redis-4.0.1/utils/speed-regression.tcl redis-4.0.1/utils/whatisdoing.sh [[email protected] data]# ll 总用量 1676 drwxrwxr-x. 6 root root 4096 7月 24 22:58 redis-4.0.1 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1711660 7月 24 22:59 redis-4.0.1.tar.gz [[email protected] data]#
③移动到/local/usr/redis目录下去，这个纯属个人爱好
[[email protected] data]# ll 总用量 1676 drwxrwxr-x. 6 root root 4096 7月 24 22:58 redis-4.0.1 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1711660 7月 24 22:59 redis-4.0.1.tar.gz [[email protected] data]# mv redis-4.0.1 ../redis [[email protected] data]# cd .. [[email protected] local]# ll 总用量 44 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 3 09:43 bin drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 3 10:04 data drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 etc drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 games drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 include drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 lib drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 libexec drwxrwxr-x. 6 root root 4096 7月 24 22:58 redis drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 sbin drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 4月 1 04:48 share drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 src [[email protected] local]# cd redis [[email protected] redis]# ll 总用量 276 -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 127778 7月 24 22:58 00-RELEASENOTES -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 53 7月 24 22:58 BUGS -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 1815 7月 24 22:58 CONTRIBUTING -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 1487 7月 24 22:58 COPYING drwxrwxr-x. 6 root root 4096 7月 24 22:58 deps -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 11 7月 24 22:58 INSTALL -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 151 7月 24 22:58 Makefile -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 4223 7月 24 22:58 MANIFESTO -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 20530 7月 24 22:58 README.md -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 57764 7月 24 22:58 redis.conf -rwxrwxr-x. 1 root root 271 7月 24 22:58 runtest -rwxrwxr-x. 1 root root 280 7月 24 22:58 runtest-cluster -rwxrwxr-x. 1 root root 281 7月 24 22:58 runtest-sentinel -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 7606 7月 24 22:58 sentinel.conf drwxrwxr-x. 3 root root 4096 7月 24 22:58 src drwxrwxr-x. 10 root root 4096 7月 24 22:58 tests drwxrwxr-x. 8 root root 4096 7月 24 22:58 utils [[email protected] redis]# cd .. [[email protected] local]#
④接下来就是编译了，通过make命令，如果编译的时候报gcc命令找不到的话，可以通过下面的命令安装gcc命令，gcc是c的编译命令
yum install gcc-c++
下面就通过make来编译，make是自动编译，会根据Makefile中描述的内容来进行编译。
[[email protected] redis]# make cd src && make all make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/redis/src‘ CC Makefile.dep . . . . Hint: It‘s a good idea to run ‘make test‘ ;) make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/redis/src‘ [[email protected] redis]#
⑤可以看到在src目录下生成了几个新的文件。
[[email protected] redis]# ll -tr src 总用量 44440 -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 3779 7月 24 22:58 zmalloc.h . . . -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 56148 9月 3 10:11 rax.o -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7185836 9月 3 10:11 redis-server -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7185836 9月 3 10:11 redis-sentinel -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 143800 9月 3 10:11 redis-cli.o -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5092431 9月 3 10:11 redis-cli -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 44892 9月 3 10:11 redis-benchmark.o -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4985275 9月 3 10:11 redis-benchmark -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7185836 9月 3 10:11 redis-check-rdb -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7185836 9月 3 10:11 redis-check-aof [[email protected] redis]#
为了使用方便，我们需要将这个几个文件加到/usr/local/bin目录下去。这个目录在Path下面的话，就可以直接执行这几个命令了。
[[email protected] redis]# make install cd src && make install make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/redis/src‘ CC Makefile.dep make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/redis/src‘ make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/redis/src‘ Hint: It‘s a good idea to run ‘make test‘ ;) INSTALL install INSTALL install INSTALL install INSTALL install INSTALL install make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/redis/src‘ [[email protected] redis]# cd .. [[email protected] local]# ll 总用量 44 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 3 10:16 bin drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 3 10:04 data drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 etc drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 games drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 include drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 lib drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 libexec drwxrwxr-x. 6 root root 4096 7月 24 22:58 redis drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 sbin drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 4月 1 04:48 share drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 src [[email protected] local]# ll bin 总用量 30908 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4985275 9月 3 10:16 redis-benchmark -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7185836 9月 3 10:16 redis-check-aof -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7185836 9月 3 10:16 redis-check-rdb -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5092431 9月 3 10:16 redis-cli lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 12 9月 3 10:16 redis-sentinel -> redis-server -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7185836 9月 3 10:16 redis-server [[email protected] local]#
可以看到，这几个文件就已经被加载到bin目录下了
⑥下面启动服务器，来看看安装是否成功。使用redis-server命令。
[[email protected] local]# redis-server 9190:C 03 Sep 10:19:09.291 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo 9190:C 03 Sep 10:19:09.292 # Redis version=4.0.1, bits=32, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=9190, just started 9190:C 03 Sep 10:19:09.292 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use redis-server /path/to/redis.conf 9190:M 03 Sep 10:19:09.295 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024). 9190:M 03 Sep 10:19:09.312 # Warning: 32 bit instance detected but no memory limit set. Setting 3 GB maxmemory limit with ‘noeviction‘ policy now. _._ _.-``__ ‘‘-._ _.-`` `. `_. ‘‘-._ Redis 4.0.1 (00000000/0) 32 bit .-`` .-```. ```\/ _.,_ ‘‘-._ ( ‘ , .-` | `, ) Running in standalone mode |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|‘` _.-‘| Port: 6379 | `-._ `._ / _.-‘ | PID: 9190 `-._ `-._ `-./ _.-‘ _.-‘ |`-._`-._ `-.__.-‘ _.-‘_.-‘| | `-._`-._ _.-‘_.-‘ | http://redis.io `-._ `-._`-.__.-‘_.-‘ _.-‘ |`-._`-._ `-.__.-‘ _.-‘_.-‘| | `-._`-._ _.-‘_.-‘ | `-._ `-._`-.__.-‘_.-‘ _.-‘ `-._ `-.__.-‘ _.-‘ `-._ _.-‘ `-.__.-‘ 9190:M 03 Sep 10:19:09.316 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 511 cannot be enforced because /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128. 9190:M 03 Sep 10:19:09.316 # Server initialized 9190:M 03 Sep 10:19:09.318 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add ‘vm.overcommit_memory = 1‘ to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command ‘sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1‘ for this to take effect. 9190:M 03 Sep 10:19:09.318 * Ready to accept connections
看到这个界面的话，就表示安装成功了。
下面通过在启动一个linux客户端，通过server-cli shutdown来关闭服务器。
[[email protected] ~]# redis-cli shutdown [[email protected] ~]# 下面是刚刚服务器启动的客户端的log 9190:M 03 Sep 10:20:45.566 # User requested shutdown... 9190:M 03 Sep 10:20:45.566 * Saving the final RDB snapshot before exiting. 9190:M 03 Sep 10:20:45.631 * DB saved on disk 9190:M 03 Sep 10:20:45.631 # Redis is now ready to exit, bye bye... [[email protected] local]#
可以看到，前面在启动redis服务器后，都是在前台启动的，需要重新启动一个客户端来进行登陆操作。这样非常不方便，
所以，我们需要设置后台启动。
在redis.conf的配置文件里面。做如下的修改：
daemonize no
修改为：
daemonize yes
下面需要设置redis服务器开机自动启动：
要先让redis服务自动启动的话，首先需要在/etc/init.d目录下创建redis的启动脚本。
将redis安装目录下的utils/redis_init_script复制到/etc/init.d目录下，命名为redis（名字简单，使用方便）
[[email protected] utils]# cp redis_init_script /etc/init.d/redis [[email protected] utils]# ll /etc/init.d/redis -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1098 9月 3 13:02 /etc/init.d/redis [[email protected] utils]#
继续编辑启动文件，修改其中指定的pid和配置文件。
PIDFILE=/var/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pid CONF="/etc/redis/${REDISPORT}.conf" 修改为 PIDFILE=/var/redis/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pid CONF="/etc/redis/redis.conf"
首先创建存放pid的目录为/var/redis/run
[[email protected] var]# pwd /var [[email protected] var]# mkdir redis [[email protected] var]# cd redis [[email protected] redis]# mkdir run [[email protected] redis]#
接下来，我们需要把配置文件复制一份到/etc/redis这个目录下面去
[[email protected]localhost etc]# mkdir redis [[email protected] etc]# cd redis [[email protected] redis]# ll 总用量 0 [[email protected] redis]# cp /usr/local/redis/redis.conf ./ [[email protected] redis]# ll 总用量 60 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 57765 9月 3 13:12 redis.conf [[email protected] redis]# pwd /etc/redis [[email protected] redis]#
修改配置文件中的pid为前面配置的pid。
pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid
修改为
pidfile /var/redis/run/redis_6379.pid
至此为止，我们已经可以通过service redis start/stop来启动和关闭redis服务了。
最后只需要通过chkconfig redis on命令来设置开机启动即可。
如果提示redis 服务不支持 chkconfig的话，只需要在/etc/init.d/redis这个启动脚本的第二行后面加上下面的内容即可。
# chkconfig:2345 90 10
#
# description:Redis is a persistent key-value database
[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig redis on redis 服务不支持 chkconfig [[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/init.d/redis [[email protected] ~]# chkconfig redis on [[email protected] ~]#
卸载redis非常的简单，只需要简单的三步
1、停止redis服务器
首先，通过下面的命令查看redis服务是否在运行
[[email protected] ~]# ps aux|grep redis root 2553 0.2 0.1 41964 1916 ? Ssl 09:38 0:00 redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379 root 2565 0.0 0.0 6048 780 pts/0 S+ 09:39 0:00 grep redis [[email protected] ~]#
可以看到，在6379端口，有redis-server的监听
通过下面的命令停止redis服务器。
[[email protected] ~]# redis-cli shutdown [[email protected] ~]# ps aux|grep redis
root 2575 0.0 0.0 6048 780 pts/0 S+ 09:41 0:00 grep redis [[email protected] ~]#
可以看到，已经停止了redis服务了。
需要注意的是，由于我的redis命令都安装到/usr/local/bin目录下面了，并且添加到环境变量PATH里面了，所以可以直接运行。
2、删除make的时候生成的几个redisXXX的文件
[[email protected] local]# ll /usr/local/bin 总用量 30908 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4985307 9月 2 21:13 redis-benchmark -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7185872 9月 2 21:13 redis-check-aof -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7185872 9月 2 21:13 redis-check-rdb -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5092475 9月 2 21:13 redis-cli lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 12 9月 2 21:13 redis-sentinel -> redis-server -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7185872 9月 2 21:13 redis-server [[email protected] local]# rm -f /usr/local/bin/redis* [[email protected] local]# ll /usr/local/bin 总用量 0 [[email protected] local]#
3、顺便也删除掉解压后的文件目录和所以文件
[[email protected] local]# ll 总用量 40 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 3 09:43 bin drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 etc drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 games drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 include drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 lib drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 libexec drwxrwxr-x. 6 root root 4096 9月 2 21:11 redis drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 sbin drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 4月 1 04:48 share drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 src [[email protected] local]# rm -rf redis [[email protected] local]# ll 总用量 36 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 3 09:43 bin drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 etc drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 games drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 include drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 lib drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 libexec drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 sbin drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 4月 1 04:48 share drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 23 2011 src [[email protected] local]#
这样，redis就卸载完成了。
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