新视野大学英语读写教程词汇第一册Unit4讲解

Posted 2023-03-10

参考技术A 　　导语：新视野 大学英语 对整体结构和内容进行了全面完善和提高，下面我分享新视野 大学英语 读写教程词汇第一册Unit4讲解，欢迎参考!
　　New Words
　　<1>impressionn.[C] an opinion or feeling about sb. or sth. 印象

　　He has made a good impression on me. 他给我留下了很好的印象。

　　My first impression of him was favorable. 我对他的第一印象很好。

　　<2>consciousa.1. noticing or realizing sth. 有意识的;意识到的

　　The children were conscious of their mother's unhappiness. 孩子们意识到了母亲的不快。

　　I became conscious of someone watching me. 我意识到有人在看着我。

　　2. awake and knowing what is happening around 清醒的;有知觉的

　　The patient was conscious. 这位病人处于清醒状态。

　　He was found lying beside the road, covered in blood but still conscious. 人们发现他躺在路边，浑身上下都是血，可神志还是清醒的。

　　<3>　consciously ad. aware of having done sth. 有意识地;有知觉地

　　I don't think she's consciously rude to everyone. 我想她不是有意对大家无礼的。

　　He did not consciously remember meeting her. 他不记得见过她。

　　<4>reactionn.[C] the way a person or thing responds to sth. 反应

　　What was his reaction to your idea? 他对你的想法有什么反应?

　　Culture often influences our reaction to events. 文化往往影响我们对各种事件的反应。

　　<5>rangevi. vary between certain limits (在一定范围内)变动，变化

　　Prices range from $10 to $25. 价格从10美元到25美元不等。

　　There were 120 students whose ages ranged from 10 to 18. 共有120名学生，他们的年龄从10岁到18岁不等。

　　1. [sing.] the area of power, responsibility, etc. that sb. has (职责等的)范围

　　I would like to help, but what you ask is out of my range. 我很想帮忙，但你问的事是我所不知道的。

　　When he was criticized, he said it was outside his range of responsibility. 批评他时，他说这事超出了他的职责范围。

　　2. [sing., U] the distance over which sth. can be sent, heard or seen (视觉、听觉的)范围;射程

　　The enemy were within range of our guns. 敌人处在我们大炮的射程之内。

　　The plane has been out of the range of our vision. 我们已经看不见飞机了。

　　<6>introduction n. 1. [C] the act of telling people each other's names when they first meet 介绍，引见

　　He made the self-introduction and everyone shook hands with him. 他作了 自我介绍 ，大家都与他握了手。

　　Our first speaker needs no introduction. 我们的第一位发言者就不必介绍了。

　　2. [U] the act of bringing sth. into use for the first time 引进，采用

　　The introduction of new methods increased the efficiency greatly. 新方法的采用大大提高了效率。

　　With the introduction of new drugs, more patients have been saved. 新药的引进挽救了更多病人的生命。

　　<7>spousen.[C]a husband or wife 配偶

　　It is said that most women live longer than their spouses. 据说大部分妻子都要比她们的丈夫活得长。

　　<8>interviewn.1. [C, U] a formal meeting at which people are asked questions in order to find out whether they are suitable for a job, course of study, etc. 面试

　　A job interview is important for both the interviewer and the interviewee. 招聘面试对雇主和应聘人都很重要。

　　I was invited for interview with the company. 我被这家公司邀去面试。

　　2. [C] an occasion when people are asked questions about their lives, experiences, or opinions for a newspaper, TV program, etc. 采访，访谈

　　He refused a TV interview. 他拒绝电视采访。

　　The new Prime Minister gave his first interview last night. 新首相昨晚首次接受采访。

　　vt.ask sb. questions during an interview 面试;采访

　　They interviewed seven people for the job. 他们为这工作面试了七个人。

　　He was interviewed by a reporter about his ideas. 记者就他的想法采访了他。

　　<9>encountern.[C] a meeting with sb. by chance 意外(或偶然)相遇

　　He had a chance encounter with a friend this morning. 今天早上他偶然遇到了一位朋友。

　　His first encounter with Wilson was back in 1989. 他第一次与威尔逊相遇是在1989年。

　　vt.meet sb. or sth. without planning to 意外遇到;遭遇

　　If you take up this assignment, you are likely to encounter many difficulties. 如果你承担这个任务，会遇到许多困难。

　　I encountered a friend of mine on the street yesterday. 昨天在街上我偶然遇到了一位老朋友。

　　<10>focusv.(on) give special attention to one particular person or thing 使(注意力等)集中

　　The children's attention was focused on the stage. 孩子们的注意力都集中在舞台上。

　　We must focus on increasing our home markets. 我们必须把注意力放在拓展国内市场上。

　　n.[sing.] the thing, person, situation, etc. that people pay special attention to 中心，集中点

　　She has been the focus of everyone's attention since she came to the university. 她自从进了大学就一直是大家关注的焦点。

　　In today's lecture the focus will be on communication through body language. 今天讲座的重点是用肢体语言进行交际。

　　<11>persuasivea.able to make other people believe or do sth. 有说服力的，能使人相信的

　　His arguments are not persuasive. 他的论据没有说服力。

　　He is a very persuasive speaker. 他是一位非常能取信于人的演讲者。

　　<12>presentation n. [C] an event at which a person describes or explains a product or idea 描述，陈述

　　I was asked to give a short presentation on the aim of the plan. 人们要求我就这计划的目的作一个简短的陈述。

　　I'm going to ask each of you to make a short presentation.我准备要求你们每个人作一个简短的陈述。

　　<13>physicala.1. having to do with one's body 身体的，肉体的

　　Your son appears to be in good physical health. 你儿子看来身体很健康。

　　Physical activity encourages good health. 体育活动有助于健康。

　　2. having to do with things that can be seen 物质的，有形的

　　physical objects 实物

　　He was concerned with physical world, while his brother was more interested in spiritual matters. 他关心的是物质世界，而他弟弟感兴趣的是精神世界。

　　<14>raten.1. [C] the speed at which sth. happens 速度

　　He works at a very fast rate. 他工作速度非常快。

　　Children develop physically and emotionally at different rates. 儿童的身体和情感发育的速度是不同的。

　　2. [C] the number of times sth. happens within a certain period 比率，率

　　There is a high accident rate in this factory. 这个工厂的事故率很高。

　　The unemployment rate in Australia rose to 6.5% in February. 澳大利亚的失业率2月份上升到了6.5%。

　　<15>pitchn.[U] the highness or lowness of a voice or a musical note 声音或音调的高低度

　　He raised his voice to an even higher pitch. 他的声音提得更高了。

　　Her voice has a very high pitch. 她的嗓音非常尖。

　　<16>tonen.[C] the sound of sb.'s voice that shows what they are feeling 声调;语气，口气

　　Her tone showed that her patience was limited. 她的语气表示她的耐心是有限度的。

　　Don't speak to me in that tone of voice. 不要用那种语气来跟我说话。

　　<17>absorbeda. so interested in sth. that one does not notice anything else 专注的;全神贯注的

　　The child seemed completely absorbed. 那个孩子似乎完全被吸引住了。

　　He was so absorbed in watching the children playing game that he forgot to buy vinegar. 他如此专注地看孩子们玩游戏以至于忘了去买醋。

　　<18>how-toa.(infml.) giving information on how to do a particular thing 提供入门知识的;教你怎样做的

　　How-to books on gardening sell well in this bookstore. 园艺入门的书在这家书店很畅销。

　　The magazine used to have a regular how-to section. 这本杂志以前有一个定期的“教你做”专栏。

　　<19>stridevi.(strode, stridden) walk with long steps 大踏步走，阔步行进

　　He strode up to the house. 他迈开大步走向屋子。

　　She came striding along to meet me. 她跨步上来迎接我。

　　n.[C] a long step 大步

　　She reached the door in only three strides. 她跨了三步就到了门口。

　　I was only a stride from him when I saw him. 看见他时我与他只有一步之遥。

　　<20>impressvt.make sb. feel admiration and respect 给...留下深刻的印象

　　He impressed me as a hard-working man. 他给我的印象是工作很努力。

　　I'm very impressed with what's happening. 目前所发生的一切给我留下很深的印象。

　　<21>shaken.[C] an act of moving sth. up and down or from side to side 摇动，摇晃

　　He answered "no" with a shake of his head. 他摇头回答道“不”。

　　Give the bottle a good shake before opening it. 开启前把瓶子好好摇一下。

　　<22>　handshake n. [C] the act of shaking sb.'s hand 握手

　　He came to the door to welcome me with a handshake. 他走到门口同我握手表示欢迎。

　　Her handshake was warm and firm. 她的握手热情而有力。

　　<23>consistenta.always having the same opinions, standards, behavior, etc. 一致的;一贯的

　　It is our consistent policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means. 和平统一是我们的一贯政策。

　　The results are consistent with earlier research. 这次的结果和先前的研究没有出入。

　　<24>　consistently adv. in a consistent way 一致地;一贯地

　　She worked consistently hard. 她一向工作努力。

　　He was consistently generous and kind. 他一向慷慨善良。

　　<25>addressvt.make a formal speech to a large group of people 向...作正式讲话， 对...发表演说

　　He is to address a conference on human rights next week. 下周他将就人权问题会议向会议发表演说。

　　He addressed an audience of 10,000 supporters. 他向上万支持者作讲话。

　　<26>matchvt.be suitable for a particular person, thing, or situation 和...相一致，和...相配

　　Does this shirt match these trousers? 这件衬衫和裤子相配吗?

　　We need to buy some chairs to match our dining table. 我们应买些与餐桌相配的椅子。

　　<27>depressvt.make sb. feel unhappy 使抑郁，使沮丧

　　The thought of going to work tomorrow really depresses me. 想到明天要上班我就心烦。

　　It depressed everyone that no progress was made during the negotiations. 谈判毫无进展，大家都感到失望。

　　<28>　depressed a. very unhappy 抑郁的，沮丧的

　　He was depressed about losing all his money. 她所有的钱都赔了，感到十分沮丧。

　　I feel more and more depressed. 我感到越来越沮丧。

　　<29>audiencen.[C] a group of people who watch or listen to a play, concert, speech, etc. 观众，听众

　　The audience was/were wild with joy. 观众欣喜若狂。

　　The audience was/were clapping for 10 minutes. 观众足足拍了十分钟的手。

　　<30>contactn.1. [U] a state in which two people or things touch each other 接触

　　The disease is spread by contact with animals. 这种疾病通过与动物的接触传播。

　　His fingers were briefly in contact with the ball. 他的手指触摸了一下球。

　　2. [U] communication with a person, organization, etc. 联系;交往

　　I've lost contact with most of my schoolmates. 我已与我大多数校友失去了联系。

　　We stay in contact by email. 我们通过电子邮件保持联系。

　　<31>relaxv.make or become less worried or annoyed (使)放松，(使)轻松

　　This holiday will give you a chance to relax. 这次假期会给你一个放松的机会。

　　A hot bath will help to relax you. 洗个热水澡会帮助你放松。

　　<32>　relaxeda.feeling calm and not worried or annoyed 松弛的，放松的

　　Suitable exercises will make you relaxed in mind and body. 适当的锻炼会令你身心舒展。

　　He wants to live a relaxed life. 他想过悠闲自在的生活。

　　<33>lightenv.1. make or become more cheerful (使)轻松，(使)愉快

　　Her mood lightened. 她情绪好起来了。

　　She told a joke to lighten the atmosphere. 她讲了个笑话来缓和一下气氛。

　　2. make or become less heavy or forceful (使)减轻，(使)放松

　　Taking on of a new secretary lightened her workload considerably. 雇用一位新 秘书 大大减轻了她的工作量。

　　Their burden lightened every day. 他们的负担一天天减轻。

　　<34>powerfula.1. able to influence or control what people do or think 有影响力的;能控制他人的

　　He was one of the most powerful men in the area. 他是这个地区最有影响力的人之一。

　　Her argument is powerful. 她的论据充分有力。

　　2. physically strong 强壮的，强健有力的

　　An athlete should have a powerful body. 运动员应该有强壮的体魄。

　　He looked tall and powerful. 他看上去个子高大、身体强壮。

　　<35>entertainmentn. [C, U] things that are intended to amuse or interest people 娱乐;供消遣的东西

　　The club provides a wide choice of entertainment. 该俱乐部提供多种娱乐项目。

　　Many people in the city worked in the entertainment industry. 这个城市有许多人在娱乐业工作。

　　<36>roar vi.make a loud noise by laughing or shouting 大声叫喊，咆哮;大笑

　　The audience roared in delight. 观众高兴得欢呼起来。

　　He roared with laughter at the joke. 听到这笑话，他哈哈大笑。

　　The patient roared with pain. 那个病人疼得大喊大叫。

　　<37>broodvi.think and worry about sth. a lot 沉思;担忧

　　He sat there, brooding about his failure. 他坐在那儿，默默地思考自己的失败。

　　You're not still brooding over what he said, are you? 你不会仍在想着他说的那些话吧?
　　Phrases and Expressions
　　<38>make up one's mind make up one's mind make a decision 下定决心，打定主意

　　Have you made up your mind where to go for your holiday? 去哪儿度假，你拿定主意了吗?

　　I can't make up my mind between these two dishes. 这两道菜到底选哪一道，我拿不定主意。

　　<39>range from... to... vary from... to... (在一定范围内)从...到...变化，变动

　　The price of beer ranged from 50 cents to $5 during the summer season. 夏季，啤酒价格从50美分到5美元不等。

　　She has had a number of different jobs, ranging from translator to swimming instructor. 从当翻译到当 游泳 教练，她从事过一些不同的工作。

　　<40>be committed to be willing to work hard at sth. 献身于，投入于

　　As a person who loves peace, he is committed to peace between countries.作为一个热爱和平的人，他致力于国与国之间的和平事业。

　　If you want to get ahead in life, you must be committed to achieving your dreams. 要想取得人生的成功，你就必须全身心投入实现你的梦想。

　　<41>be absorbed inbe so involved in an activity that one cannot think about other things 全神贯注于，专心于

　　I was so absorbed in my own thoughts that I didn't hear him talking to me. 我当时非常入神地在沉思，没听到他和我说话。

　　She was absorbed in the book. 她全神贯注地在看那本书。

　　<42>fix one's eyes onlook at a thing or person carefully 凝视，盯住看

　　She walked into the room and fixed her eyes on the person she wanted to talk to. 她走进房间，眼睛凝视着那个她想进行谈话的人。

　　I couldn't help fixing my eyes on this picture. 我情不自禁地凝视着那幅画。

　　<43>drive sb. crazymake sb. feel very angry or annoyed 逼得某人发疯

　　His carelessness drove his girlfriend mad. 他的粗心大意令他的女朋友受不了。

　　That noise is driving me crazy. 那噪音真让我受不了。

　　<44>at one's bestin the best state 处于最佳状态

　　This is an example of his work at his best. 这代表了他创作高峰时期的作品。

　　I don't really feel at my best today. 我觉得今天我不在最佳状态。

　　<45>lighten up(used to tell sb.) not to be so serious about sth. 放轻松;别太当真

　　You need to light up a bit. 你需要放松点。

　　Hey, lighten up! It's only a game, you know! 喂，别太当真!你知道，这不过是游戏!

　　<46>take sb. or sth. seriously think sb. or sth. is important and should be given attention to 认为某人或某物重要

　　Don't take him seriously—he's just kidding. 别跟他认真——他只不过是开玩笑。

　　We have to take his proposal seriously. 我们要认真对待他的建议。
　　Proper Names
　　<47>Ailes 艾尔斯(人名）