彻底搞懂oracle的标量子查询
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oracle标量子查询和自己定义函数有时用起来比較方便，并且开发者也常常使用。数据量小还无所谓。数据量大，往往存在性能问题。下面測试帮助大家彻底搞懂标量子查询。 SQL> create table a (id int,name varchar2(10)); Table created. SQL> create table b (id int,name varchar2(10)); Table created. SQL> insert into a values (1,'a1'); 1 row created. SQL> insert into a values (2,'a2'); 1 row created. SQL> insert into b values (1,'b1'); 1 row created. SQL> insert into b values (2,'b2'); 1 row created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> @getlvall Session altered. SQL> select a.*,(select name from b where b.id=a.id) from a; ID NAME (SELECTNAMEFROMBWHER ---------- -------------------- -------------------- 1 a1 b1 2 a2 b2 SQL> @getplanspe PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SQL_ID 8rv825dykpx1m, child number 0 ------------------------------------- select a.*,(select name from b where b.id=a.id) from a Plan hash value: 2657529235 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| B | 2 | 1 | 2 |00:00:00.01 | 14 | | 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| A | 1 | 2 | 2 |00:00:00.01 | 8 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Predicate Information (identified by operation id): --------------------------------------------------- 1 - filter("B"."ID"=:B1) Note ----- - dynamic sampling used for this statement 22 rows selected.
<strong>--由上面的运行计划能够知道，b表运行2次。返回2行</strong>
SQL> insert into a values (3,'a3');
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select a.*,(select name from b where b.id=a.id) from a;
ID NAME (SELECTNAMEFROMBWHER
---------- -------------------- --------------------
1 a1 b1
2 a2 b2
3 a3
SQL> @getplanspe
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 8rv825dykpx1m, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select a.*,(select name from b where b.id=a.id) from a
Plan hash value: 2657529235
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| B | 3 | 1 | 2 |00:00:00.01 | 21 |
| 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| A | 1 | 2 | 3 |00:00:00.01 | 8 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
1 - filter("B"."ID"=:B1)
Note
-----
- dynamic sampling used for this statement
22 rows selected.<strong>--由上面的运行计划能够知道，b表运行3次。返回2行</strong>
SQL> insert into a values (4,'a4');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into a values (5,'a5');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into a values (6,'a6');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into a values (7,'a7');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into a values (8,'a8');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into a values (9,'a9');
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select a.*,(select name from b where b.id=a.id) from a;
ID NAME (SELECTNAMEFROMBWHER
---------- -------------------- --------------------
1 a1 b1
2 a2 b2
3 a3
4 a4
5 a5
6 a6
7 a7
8 a8
9 a9
9 rows selected.
SQL> @getplanspe
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 8rv825dykpx1m, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select a.*,(select name from b where b.id=a.id) from a
Plan hash value: 2657529235
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| B | 9 | 1 | 2 |00:00:00.01 | 63 |
| 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| A | 1 | 2 | 9 |00:00:00.01 | 8 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
1 - filter("B"."ID"=:B1)
Note
-----
- dynamic sampling used for this statement
22 rows selected.<strong> --由上面的运行计划能够知道，b表运行9次，返回2行</strong>
SQL> update b set name='b1';
2 rows updated.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select a.*,(select name from b where b.id=a.id) from a;
ID NAME (SELECTNAMEFROMBWHER
---------- -------------------- --------------------
1 a1 b1
2 a2 b1
3 a3
4 a4
5 a5
6 a6
7 a7
8 a8
9 a9
9 rows selected.
SQL> @getplanspe
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 8rv825dykpx1m, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select a.*,(select name from b where b.id=a.id) from a
Plan hash value: 2657529235
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| B | 9 | 1 | 2 |00:00:00.01 | 63 |
| 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| A | 1 | 2 | 9 |00:00:00.01 | 8 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
1 - filter("B"."ID"=:B1)
Note
-----
- dynamic sampling used for this statement
22 rows selected.<strong>--由上面的运行计划能够知道，b表运行2次，返回2行</strong>
SQL> insert into b values (3,'b1');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into b values (4,'b1');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into b values (5,'b1');
1 row created.
insert into b values (6,'b1');b1');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into b values (7,'b1');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into b values (8,'b1');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into b values (9,'b1');
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select a.*,(select name from b where b.id=a.id) from a;
ID NAME (SELECTNAMEFROMBWHER
---------- -------------------- --------------------
1 a1 b1
2 a2 b1
3 a3 b1
4 a4 b1
5 a5 b1
6 a6 b1
7 a7 b1
8 a8 b1
9 a9 b1
9 rows selected.
SQL> @getplanspe
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 8rv825dykpx1m, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select a.*,(select name from b where b.id=a.id) from a
Plan hash value: 2657529235
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| B | 9 | 1 | 9 |00:00:00.01 | 63 |
| 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| A | 1 | 2 | 9 |00:00:00.01 | 8 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
1 - filter("B"."ID"=:B1)
Note
-----
- dynamic sampling used for this statement
22 rows selected.<strong>--b.name字段所有为‘b1’。由上面的运行计划能够知道。b表运行9次。返回9行</strong>
SQL> update a set id=1;
9 rows updated.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select * from a;
ID NAME
---------- --------------------
1 a1
1 a2
1 a3
1 a4
1 a5
1 a6
1 a7
1 a8
1 a9
9 rows selected.
SQL> select * from b;
ID NAME
---------- --------------------
1 b1
2 b1
3 b1
4 b1
5 b1
6 b1
7 b1
8 b1
9 b1
9 rows selected.
SQL> select a.*,(select name from b where b.id=a.id) from a;
ID NAME (SELECTNAMEFROMBWHER
---------- -------------------- --------------------
1 a1 b1
1 a2 b1
1 a3 b1
1 a4 b1
1 a5 b1
1 a6 b1
1 a7 b1
1 a8 b1
1 a9 b1
9 rows selected.
SQL> @getplanspe
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 8rv825dykpx1m, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select a.*,(select name from b where b.id=a.id) from a
Plan hash value: 2657529235
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| B | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 7 |
| 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| A | 1 | 2 | 9 |00:00:00.01 | 8 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
1 - filter("B"."ID"=:B1)
Note
-----
- dynamic sampling used for this statement
22 rows selected.
SQL> </pre><pre name="code" class="sql"><strong><span style="font-size:18px;">关联字段a.id所有为1。a表有9行，标量子查询相当于运行9次select name from b where b.id=1 ，oracle也不傻，starts=1。说明仅仅运行了1次。 总结： 理想状态下，a.id为主键，没有反复值。那么a表返回多少行，b表就要被运行多少次。 特殊情况下，a.id的distinct值仅仅有n个，那么b表仅仅运行n次。</span></strong>
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