ORACLE安装(12c-Redhat6.5)

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Oracle安装(12c-Redhat6.5

Redhat6.5系统准备

/

10G

SWAP

4G

/boot

200M

/HOME

4G

/usr

8G

/var

4G

/u01

 

 

 

 

一:Linux挂载:VMware tools for Linux安装

# mkdir /mnt/cdrom  

# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/  

# cp VMwareTools-9.0.0-782409.tar.gz /opt/  

# tar -zxvpf VMwareTools-9.0.0-782409.tar.gz  

#  cd vmware-tools-distrib  

# ./vmware-install.pl    

#  /etc/init.d/vmware-tools status  #查看是否有在執行

 

 

二、设置ip地址:Linux网络配置:设置IP地址、网关DNS、主机名

 

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethN 文件

/etc/hosts文件

DEVICE=eth0

ONBOOT=yes

BOOTPROTO=static

IPADDR=192.168.0.66

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=192.168.0.65

配置OK后使用service network restart重启网络服务

 

三、设置防火墙

设置 vim /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled

关闭防火墙

chkconfig ip6tables off

chkconfig iptables off

service iptables stop

service ip6tables stop

查看防火墻狀態:service iptables status

啟動防火墻:service iptables start

禁用防火墻:service iptables stop

 

四、建立oracle账户和群组

建立dba群组:groupadd dba

创建oracle用户并授权到dba群组:useradd -g dba oracle

设定oracle用户密码:passwd oracle

 

五、创建oracle工作目录

Oracle基础目录:mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

Oracle软件存放目录:mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product

Oracle库存目录:mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

Oracle数据库文件目录:mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata

 

六、授权Oracle工作目录

chown -R oracle.dba /u01

 

七、Yum源配置 ,安装Packages

 

挂载Redhat5.8ISO文件

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

注:虚拟机-〉setting->cd/dvd-〉device status-.connected前面的勾打上

备份Yum的配置文件

1. #cd /etc/yum.repos.d/   

2. #cp rhel-debuginfo.repo rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak  

配置文件进行编辑

vi rhel-debuginfo.repo

[rhel-debuginfo]   

 name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever – $basearch – Debug   

baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server   

enabled=1  

gpgcheck=1  

gpgkey=file:///mnt//cdrom/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GRG-KEY-redhat-release  

vim rhel-source.repo

 [oel6]

 name=oel6

 baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom

 enabled=1

 gpgcheck=0

 

验证可以安装的组件

#yum grouplist

安装组件

 #yum groupinstall “KDE (K Desktop Environment)”  

# yum -y install glibc-devel-2.5*

PackagesRed Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0:

binutils-2.15.92.0.2-10.EL4

compat-db-4.1.25-9

control-center-2.8.0-12

gcc-3.4.3-9.EL4

gcc-c++-3.4.3-9.EL4

glibc-2.3.4-2

glibc-common-2.3.4-2

gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1

libstdc++-3.4.3-9.EL4

libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-9.EL4

make-3.80-5

pdksh-5.2.14-30

sysstat-5.0.5-1

xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2

 

Configuring Kernel Parameters

kernel parameter settings

 /etc/sysctl.conf

/sbin/sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmni = 4096 

 

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 142

 

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

 

fs.file-max = 6815744

 

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65000

 

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

 

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

 

net.core.wmem_default =262144

 

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

 

Setting Shell Limits

for the oracle User

1Add the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file:

oracle              soft    nproc   2047

oracle              hard    nproc   16384

oracle              soft    nofile 1024

oracle              hard    nofile 65536

2Add or edit the following line in the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist:

session    required     pam_limits.so

3Depending on the oracle user\'s default shell, make the following changes to the default shell start-up file:

For the Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell, add the following lines to the /etc/profile file (or the /etc/profile.local file on SUSE systems):

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

        if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

              ulimit -p 16384

              ulimit -n 65536

        else

              ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

        fi

fi

For the C shell (csh or tcsh), add the following lines to the /etc/csh.login file (or the file on SUSE systems)/etc/csh.login.local:

if ( $USER == "oracle" ) then

        limit maxproc 16384

        limit descriptors 65536

endif

Configuring the oracle User\'s Environment

/home/oracle/.bash_profile

 

Source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

#Enter commands similar to the following to set the TEMP and TMPDIR environment variables:

TMP=/tmp; export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP;

export TMPDIR

#Enter commands similar to the following to set the ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_SID environment variables:

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1;

export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=ora01;

 export ORACLE_SID

ORACLE_UNQNAME=ora01;

export ORACLE_UNQNAME

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH;

export PATH

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH;

export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64:/usr/X11R6/lib64;

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8;

export NLS_LANG

umask 022

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

 if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

       ulimit -n 65536

 else

     ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

 fi

fi        

九、解压缩安装文档:Linux压缩解压缩(unzip,tar)

 

十、安装ORACLE软件

root账户权限运行

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

十一、安装数据

十二:安装LISTENER

Oracle 监听器启动与关闭

启动:lsnrctl start

关闭:lsnrctl stop

使用srvctl 命令

 

Oracle环境变量、监听listener.oratnsnames.orasqlnet.ora配置

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora配置

在这个目录下有个listener.ora文件,内容如下:

LISTENER =

 (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

    (DESCRIPTION =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = ora01))

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.111)(PORT = 1521))

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

    )

 )

 

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

 

十三:连接oracle

PLSQL Developer在未安装Oracle Client情况下连接Oracle

- PL/SQL Developer  ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol

若遇到如上错误,下载instantclient_12.2

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora配置

安装完Oracle Client以后,发现相应目录中没有tnsnames.ora文件,其实只要手动建立一个就可以了。

oracle安装位置product11.2.0client_1networkadmin 目录下,建立一个tnsnames.ora,内容如下

ora01=

(DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(host = 192.168.0.111)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

 (SERVER = DEDICATED)

 (SID=ora01)

)

 )

D:\\PLSQL\\instantclient_11_2\\tnsnames.ora

sqlplus常用命令

sqlplus中调用本机操作系统命令,只需要在相关命令前加上HOST指令即可。

设置每行显示的记录长度

SET LINESIZE 300;

设置每页显示的记录长度

SET PAGESIZE 30;

调用本机记事本程序

使用ed命令

用户连接数据库

CONN 用户名/密码 [AS SYSDBA]

取得当前用户的全部数据对象

SELECT * FROM tab

查看表结构

DESC 表名称

使用本机的操作系统命令

HOST 命令

查看当前连接用户

SHOW USER命令

查看现在的容器名称

show con_name;

CON_NAME

------------------------------

CDB$ROOT

 

改变容器为PDB

ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER=ora01pdb01

ALTER DATABASE ora01pdb01 OPEN;

ALTER PLUGGABLEDATABASE ORA01PDB01 OPEN;

查看用户

SELECT username FROM dba_users WHERE username=\'SCOOT\' OR username=\'SH\';

 

 

 

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