MariaDB插入中文出现???情况
Posted 随风
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本来打算创建一个测试表进行一个简单的实验，发现创建完python_test表后插入数据后，select发现所有中文都变成问号了，这一看就是出现了乱码
MariaDB [lhc]> create table python_test(
-> id int(11),
-> name varchar(255),
-> class_time int(11),
-> PRIMARY KEY(id)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
MariaDB [lhc]>
/*插入数据*/
INSERT INTO python_test(id,name,class_time) value(1,‘字典‘,3);
INSERT INTO python_test(id,name,class_time) value(2,‘列表‘,2);
INSERT INTO python_test(id,name,class_time) value(3,‘函数‘,5);
INSERT INTO python_test(id,name,class_time) value(4,‘装饰器‘,2);
INSERT INTO python_test(id,name,class_time) value(5,‘迭代器‘,2);
/*查看数据*/
MariaDB [lhc]> select * from python_test;
+----+-----------+------------+
| id | name | class_time |
+----+-----------+------------+
| 1 | ?? | 3 |
| 2 | ?? | 2 |
| 3 | ?? | 5 |
| 4 | ??? | 2 |
| 5 | ??? | 2 |
+----+-----------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
首先查看下MariaDB的默认编码格式
MariaDB [lhc]> show variables like "character_set_%"
-> ;
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
发现上面的数据库的字符编码不是为utf8
/*修改为utf8编码格式*/
MariaDB [lhc]> set character_set_database=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
/*查看*/
MariaDB [lhc]> show variables like "character_set_%";
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
查看数据还是问号，说明问题并不出现在数据库中，查看一下连接编码
MariaDB [lhc]> show variables like "collation_%";
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
可以发现问题就是出现在连接层。
解决方法
/*1*/
SET NAMES ‘utf8‘;
/*
它相当于下面的三句指令：
SET character_set_client = utf8;
SET character_set_results = utf8;
SET character_set_connection = utf8;
*/
/*2*/
/*创建数据库的时候指定编码格式*/
MariaDB [lhc]> create database python_test character set utf8;
/*3*/
/*创建表的时候指定编码格式*/
MariaDB [lhc]> create table python_test(
-> id int(11),
-> name varchar(50) character set utf8,
-> class_time int(11),
-> PRIMARY KEY(id)
-> )DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
如果已经创建完成的表或者数据库通过ALTER进行修改
/*修改某一个数据库*/
MariaDB [lhc]> ALTER database python_test character set utf8;
/*修改某一个表*/
MariaDB [lhc]> ALTER table python_test character set utf8;
再次查看原乱码表就不乱码了
MariaDB [lhc]> select * from python_test;
+----+-----------+------------+
| id | name | class_time |
+----+-----------+------------+
| 1 | 字典 | 3 |
| 2 | 列表 | 2 |
| 3 | 函数 | 5 |
| 4 | 装饰器 | 2 |
| 5 | 迭代器 | 2 |
+----+-----------+------------+
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