记录MySQL的一些基础操作
Posted 青山应回首
tags:
篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了记录MySQL的一些基础操作相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
mysql建表操作
root@localhost 08:05:22> create table stu(
-> id int(4) not null,
-> name char(20) not null,
-> age tinyint(2) not null default \'0\',
-> dept varchar(16) default null
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
root@localhost 08:07:20>
root@localhost 08:07:21> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| stu |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 08:07:25> desc stu;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(4) | NO | | NULL | |
| name | char(20) | NO | | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | |
| dept | varchar(16) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 08:07:28>
root@localhost 08:07:28> show create table stu\\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: stu
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `stu` (
`id` int(4) NOT NULL,
`name` char(20) NOT NULL,
`age` tinyint(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'0\',
`dept` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 08:08:47>
mysql5.1及以前的默认引擎是MyISAM，MySQL5.5及以后的默认引擎的InnoDB
int 整数类型
char 定长字符串类型，存储时总是用空格填满右边到指定的长度
varchar 变长字符串类型
其他详细信息可以参考 MySQL手册
为表的字段添加索引
索引类似于书的目录，如果在字段上建立索引，那么以索引列为查询条件就可以加快查询数据的速度
root@localhost 08:38:25> create table student(
-> id int(4) not null AUTO_INCREMENT,
-> name char(20) not null,
-> age tinyint(2) NOT NULL default \'0\',
-> dept varchar(16) default NULL,
-> primary key(id),
-> KEY index_name (name)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 08:38:31>
root@localhost 08:40:02> desc student;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(4) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | char(20) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | |
| dept | varchar(16) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 08:40:16> show create table student\\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: student
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `student` (
`id` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` char(20) NOT NULL,
`age` tinyint(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'0\',
`dept` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `index_name` (`name`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 08:40:18>
alter table 修改表结构
1.alter 增加主键索引
root@localhost 08:50:04> create table stu(
-> id int(4) not null,
-> name char(20) not null,
-> age tinyint(2) NOT NULL default \'0\',
-> dept varchar(16) default NULL,
-> KEY index_name (name)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
root@localhost 08:50:05> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| stu |
| student |
+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 08:50:12> desc stu;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(4) | NO | | NULL | |
| name | char(20) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | |
| dept | varchar(16) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 08:50:15> alter table stu change id id int primary key auto_increment;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
root@localhost 08:51:16> desc stu;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | char(20) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | |
| dept | varchar(16) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 08:51:19>
2.alter删除主键索引（然后再添加主键索引）
root@localhost 08:53:30> create table stu1(
-> id int(4) not null,
-> name char(20) not null,
-> age tinyint(2) NOT NULL default \'0\',
-> dept varchar(16) default NULL,
-> primary key(id),
-> KEY index_name (name)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
root@localhost 08:53:54> desc stu1;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(4) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| name | char(20) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | |
| dept | varchar(16) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 08:54:20> alter table stu1 drop primary key;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
root@localhost 08:54:27> desc stu1;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(4) | NO | | NULL | |
| name | char(20) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | |
| dept | varchar(16) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
root@localhost 08:54:30>
root@localhost 08:57:08> desc stu1;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(4) | NO | | NULL | |
| name | char(20) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | |
| dept | varchar(16) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 08:57:10> alter table stu1 change id id int primary key auto_increment;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
root@localhost 08:57:32> desc stu1;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | char(20) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | |
| dept | varchar(16) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 08:57:34>
3.alter删除普通索引以及添加普通索引
root@localhost 09:06:31> show create table stu\\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: stu
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `stu` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` char(20) NOT NULL,
`age` tinyint(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'0\',
`dept` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `index_name` (`name`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 09:07:07> desc stu;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | char(20) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | |
| dept | varchar(16) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 09:07:15> alter table stu drop index index_name;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
root@localhost 09:07:29> desc stu;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | char(20) | NO | | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | |
| dept | varchar(16) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 09:07:31>
root@localhost 09:07:59> alter table stu add index index_dept(dept);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
root@localhost 09:08:21> desc stu;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | char(20) | NO | | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | |
| dept | varchar(16) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 09:08:23>
4.alter 修改字段
root@localhost 09:08:23> alter table stu change dept dept varchar(200) not null default "TP"; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 root@localhost 09:10:25> desc stu; +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(20) | NO | | NULL | | | age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | | | dept | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP | | +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 09:10:28> root@localhost 09:10:28> alter table stu add index index_name(name); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 root@localhost 09:11:38> desc stu; +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(20) | NO | MUL | NULL | | | age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | | | dept | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP | | +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 09:11:39> alter table stu change name name char(50) not null default "Simon"; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 root@localhost 09:12:23> desc stu; +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(50) | NO | MUL | Simon | | | age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | | | dept | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP | | +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 09:12:24> root@localhost 10:13:26> desc stu; +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(50) | NO | UNI | Simon Paul | | | age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 23 | | | dept | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP | | | description | longtext | NO | MUL | NULL | | | date | datetime | NO | | NULL | | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:13:30> root@localhost 10:20:21> alter table stu change dept department varchar(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'TP_cloud\' COMMENT \'谷歌部门信息\'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 root@localhost 10:20:24> root@localhost 10:20:33> desc stu; +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(50) | NO | UNI | Simon Paul | | | age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 23 | | | department | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP_cloud | | | description | longtext | NO | MUL | NULL | | | date | datetime | NO | | NULL | | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:20:42>
5.alter 添加列
root@localhost 09:19:41> alter table stu add column description longtext; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 root@localhost 09:21:58> desc stu; +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(50) | NO | MUL | Simon | | | age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | | | dept | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP | | | description | longtext | YES | | NULL | | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 09:22:00> alter table stu add column date datetime; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 root@localhost 09:22:54> desc stu; +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(50) | NO | MUL | Simon | | | age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | | | dept | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP | | | description | longtext | YES | | NULL | | | date | datetime | YES | | NULL | | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 6 rows in set (0.01 sec) root@localhost 09:24:54> alter table stu change date date datetime not null comment \'插入时间\'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 root@localhost 09:24:58> root@localhost 09:24:58> desc stu; +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(50) | NO | MUL | Simon | | | age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 0 | | | dept | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP | | | description | longtext | YES | | NULL | | | date | datetime | NO | | NULL | | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 09:27:22>
6.查看表字段的注释
root@localhost 09:35:21> select column_name,column_comment from information_schema.columns where table_name=\'stu\' and table_schema=\'test\'; +-------------+----------------+ | column_name | column_comment | +-------------+----------------+ | id | | | name | | | age | | | dept | | | description | | | date | 插入时间 | +-------------+----------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 09:35:26> show full columns from stu\\G 也可以
7.添加注释
- 给表添加注释
ALTER TABLE table_name COMMENT=\'这是表的注释\';
- 给字段添加注释
alter table stu change column name name char(50) not null default \'Simon Paul\' comment \'学生姓名字段注释\';
8.对字段前n个字符创建索引
root@localhost 09:50:53> create index index_desc on stu(description(66));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
root@localhost 09:52:17> desc stu;
+-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | char(50) | NO | MUL | Simon Paul | |
| age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 23 | |
| dept | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP | |
| description | longtext | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| date | datetime | NO | | NULL | |
+-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 09:52:24> show create table stu\\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: stu
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `stu` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` char(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'Simon Paul\' COMMENT \'学生姓名字段注释\',
`age` tinyint(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'23\' COMMENT \'年龄\',
`dept` varchar(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'TP\' COMMENT \'单位信息\',
`description` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT \'这个是学生描述信息字段的注释\',
`date` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT \'插入时间\',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `index_dept` (`dept`),
KEY `index_name` (`name`),
KEY `index_desc` (`description`(66))
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 COMMENT=\'这是stu表的注释\'
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 09:52:28>
9.更该索引
MySQL并没有提供修改索引的直接指令，一般情况下，我们需要先删除掉原索引，再根据需要创建一个同名的索引，从而变相地实现修改索引操作
show index from stu\\G
root@localhost 09:52:24> show create table stu\\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: stu
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `stu` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` char(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'Simon Paul\' COMMENT \'学生姓名字段注释\',
`age` tinyint(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'23\' COMMENT \'年龄\',
`dept` varchar(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'TP\' COMMENT \'单位信息\',
`description` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT \'这个是学生描述信息字段的注释\',
`date` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT \'插入时间\',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `index_dept` (`dept`),
KEY `index_name` (`name`),
KEY `index_desc` (`description`(66))
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 COMMENT=\'这是stu表的注释\'
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 09:52:28> alter table stu drop index index_name;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
root@localhost 09:56:30> create index index_name on stu(name(12));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
root@localhost 09:56:56> show create table stu\\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: stu
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `stu` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` char(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'Simon Paul\' COMMENT \'学生姓名字段注释\',
`age` tinyint(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'23\' COMMENT \'年龄\',
`dept` varchar(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'TP\' COMMENT \'单位信息\',
`description` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT \'这个是学生描述信息字段的注释\',
`date` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT \'插入时间\',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `index_dept` (`dept`),
KEY `index_desc` (`description`(66)),
KEY `index_name` (`name`(12))
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 COMMENT=\'这是stu表的注释\'
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 09:57:04>
10.为表的多个字段创建联合索引
create index index_name_dept on stu(name(8),dept);
11.删除索引
drop index index_name on stu;
12.创唯一索引（非主键）
create unique index uniq_index_name on stu(name);
Finnaly
root@localhost 10:25:54> desc stu;
+-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | char(50) | NO | UNI | Simon Paul | |
| age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 23 | |
| department | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP_cloud | |
| description | longtext | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| date | datetime | NO | | NULL | |
+-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 10:25:58> show create table stu\\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: stu
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `stu` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` char(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'Simon Paul\' COMMENT \'学生姓名字段注释\',
`age` tinyint(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'23\' COMMENT \'年龄\',
`department` varchar(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'TP_cloud\' COMMENT \'谷歌部门信息\',
`description` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT \'这个是学生描述信息字段的注释\',
`date` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT \'插入时间\',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `uniq_index_name` (`name`),
KEY `index_dept` (`department`),
KEY `index_desc` (`description`(66)),
KEY `index_name_dept` (`name`(8),`department`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 COMMENT=\'这是stu表的注释\'
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost 10:26:09>
alter添加字段到指定的位置
root@localhost 10:28:00> desc stu; +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(50) | NO | UNI | Simon Paul | | | age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 23 | | | department | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP_cloud | | | description | longtext | NO | MUL | NULL | | | date | datetime | NO | | NULL | | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:28:08> alter table stu add column sex tinyint(1) not null after description; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 root@localhost 10:29:19> desc stu; +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(50) | NO | UNI | Simon Paul | | | age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 23 | | | department | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP_cloud | | | description | longtext | NO | MUL | NULL | | | sex | tinyint(1) | NO | | NULL | | | date | datetime | NO | | NULL | | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:29:21> root@localhost 10:29:57> alter table stu change column sex sex tinyint(1) not null default 1 after description; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 root@localhost 10:30:47> desc stu; +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(50) | NO | UNI | Simon Paul | | | age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 23 | | | department | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP_cloud | | | description | longtext | NO | MUL | NULL | | | sex | tinyint(1) | NO | | 1 | | | date | datetime | NO | | NULL | | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:30:53> root@localhost 10:30:53> alter table stu drop column sex; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 root@localhost 10:33:39> desc stu; +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(50) | NO | UNI | Simon Paul | | | age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 23 | | | department | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP_cloud | | | description | longtext | NO | MUL | NULL | | | date | datetime | NO | | NULL | | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:33:45> root@localhost 10:33:45> alter table stu add column sex tinyint(1) not null default 1 before date; ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near \'before date\' at line 1 root@localhost 10:34:24> alter table stu add column sex tinyint(1) not null default 1 first; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 root@localhost 10:36:49> desc stu; +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ | sex | tinyint(1) | NO | | 1 | | | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(50) | NO | UNI | Simon Paul | | | age | tinyint(2) | NO | | 23 | | | department | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | TP_cloud | | | description | longtext | NO | MUL | NULL | | | date | datetime | NO | | NULL | | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+------------+----------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:36:51>
# 多查看帮助文档 help alter table
INSERT 和 UPDATE
root@localhost 10:44:46> insert into stu(name,age,department,description,date) values(\'Tim\',39,\'Tencent\',\'Connecting people for a greater future.\',now()); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:46:37> root@localhost 10:46:40> update stu set description=\'Just stick to what you love and belive in.\' where name=\'Mark\'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 root@localhost 11:02:41> select * from stu; +----+------------------+-----+-------------+--------------------------------------------------+---------------------+ | id | name | age | department | description | date | +----+------------------+-----+-------------+--------------------------------------------------+---------------------+ | 1 | standby | 23 | live_cloud | Use ATS to archive the multiple level\'s cache. | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 2 | Jefrriy | 25 | live_cloud | Use Squid to archive the multiple level\'s cache. | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 3 | Mark | 47 | Mindjet | Just stick to what you love and belive in. | 2017-03-12 10:43:56 | | 4 | Frankyang | 35 | Google | DNS administrator | 2017-03-12 10:44:46 | | 5 | Tim | 39 | Tencent | Connecting people for a greater future. | 2017-03-12 10:46:37 | | 6 | Michael Widenius | 43 | MariaDB inc | The Fastest Growing Open Source Database. | 2017-03-12 10:56:31 | +----+------------------+-----+-------------+--------------------------------------------------+---------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 11:02:47>
MYSQLDUMP
[root@standby ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B test >/tmp/test_bak_20170312.sql [root@standby ~]# ll /tmp/ total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3236 Mar 12 11:01 test_bak_20170312.sql drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Sep 17 22:51 tmux-0 [root@standby ~]# [root@standby ~]# cat /tmp/test_bak_20170312.sql -- MySQL dump 10.13 Distrib 5.1.72, for unknown-linux-gnu (x86_64) -- -- Host: localhost Database: test -- ------------------------------------------------------ -- Server version 5.1.72 /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */; /*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */; /*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */; /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=\'+00:00\' */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE=\'NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO\' */; /*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */; -- -- Current Database: `test` -- CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */; USE `test`; -- -- Table structure for table `stu` -- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `stu`; /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client */; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */; CREATE TABLE `stu` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` char(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'Simon Paul\' COMMENT \'å¦ç”Ÿå§“åå—段注释\', `age` tinyint(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'23\' COMMENT \'年龄\', `department` varchar(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'TP_cloud\' COMMENT \'爱奇艺部门信æ¯\', `description` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT \'这个是å¦ç”Ÿæè¿°ä¿¡æ¯å—段的注释\', `date` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT \'æ’入时间\', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uniq_index_name` (`name`), KEY `index_dept` (`department`), KEY `index_desc` (`description`(66)), KEY `index_name_dept` (`name`(8),`department`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 COMMENT=\'这是stu表的注释\'; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */; -- -- Dumping data for table `stu` -- LOCK TABLES `stu` WRITE; /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `stu` DISABLE KEYS */; INSERT INTO `stu` VALUES (1,\'standby\',23,\'live_cloud\',\'Use ATS to archive the multiple level\\\'s cache.\',\'0000-00-00 00:00:00\'),(2,\'Jefrriy\',25,\'live_cloud\',\'Use Squid to archive the multiple level\\\'s cache.\',\'0000-00-00 00:00:00\'),(3,\'Mark\',47,\'Mindjet\',\'Just stick to what you love and belive in.\',\'2017-03-12 10:43:56\'),(4,\'Frankyang\',35,\'Google\',\'DNS administrator\',\'2017-03-12 10:44:46\'),(5,\'Tim\',39,\'Tencent\',\'Connecting people for a greater future.\',\'2017-03-12 10:46:37\'),(6,\'Michael Widenius\',43,\'MariaDB inc\',\'The Fastest Growing Open Source Database.\',\'2017-03-12 10:56:31\'); /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `stu` ENABLE KEYS */; UNLOCK TABLES; /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */; /*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */; /*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */; /*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */; /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */; /*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */; /*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */; -- Dump completed on 2017-03-12 11:01:59 [root@standby ~]#
降序/升序/limit
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | root | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | wiki | localhost | *A5DB2D927D6DF94DA5E1CE4B293AEAAB4D8304EA | +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user order by user asc; +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | root | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | wiki | localhost | *A5DB2D927D6DF94DA5E1CE4B293AEAAB4D8304EA | +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user order by user desc; +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | wiki | localhost | *A5DB2D927D6DF94DA5E1CE4B293AEAAB4D8304EA | | root | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user order by user desc limit 1; +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | wiki | localhost | *A5DB2D927D6DF94DA5E1CE4B293AEAAB4D8304EA | +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
like 模糊匹配
root@localhost 10:30:14> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | No_wiki | | iQiYi | | mysql | | wiki | | wiki001 | | wiki002 | | wiki003 | +--------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:30:20> show databases like \'wiki%\'; +------------------+ | Database (wiki%) | +------------------+ | wiki | | wiki001 | | wiki002 | | wiki003 | +------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:30:25>
常用函数
root@localhost 10:34:46> select database(); +------------+ | database() | +------------+ | wiki | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:34:52> select user(); +----------------+ | user() | +----------------+ | root@localhost | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:34:56> select now(); +---------------------+ | now() | +---------------------+ | 2017-03-11 22:35:00 | +---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) root@localhost 10:35:00> select version(); +-----------+ | version() | +-----------+ | 5.1.72 | +-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:35:05>
创建新用户并授权
只使用 grant 创建用户并授权
root@localhost 10:43:48> grant all privileges on iQiYi.* to \'standby\'@\'localhost\' identified by \'liulixin\'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) root@localhost 10:44:26> select user,host,password from user; +---------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +---------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | root | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | wiki | localhost | *A5DB2D927D6DF94DA5E1CE4B293AEAAB4D8304EA | | standby | localhost | *68400CF212112D85B99EB397ADCB27748218BFAE | +---------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:44:31> root@localhost 10:44:58> select user,host,password from user where user like \'%and%\'; +---------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +---------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | standby | localhost | *68400CF212112D85B99EB397ADCB27748218BFAE | +---------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:45:12> grant all privileges on iQiYi.* to \'standby\'@\'localhost\' identified by \'liulixin\';
使用 create 和 grant 创建用户并授权
root@localhost 10:56:11> CREATE USER \'standby001\'@\'localhost\' IDENTIFIED BY \'123456\'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:56:38> GRANT ALL ON No_wiki.* TO \'standby001\'@\'localhost\'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:57:22> root@localhost 10:57:26> select user,host,password from mysql.user; +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | root | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | wiki | localhost | *A5DB2D927D6DF94DA5E1CE4B293AEAAB4D8304EA | | standby | localhost | *68400CF212112D85B99EB397ADCB27748218BFAE | | standby001 | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:57:41> show grants for \'standby001\'@\'localhost\'; +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for standby001@localhost | +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO \'standby001\'@\'localhost\' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD \'*6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9\' | | GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `No_wiki`.* TO \'standby001\'@\'localhost\' | +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:58:03> show grants for \'standby001\'@\'localhost\'\\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Grants for standby001@localhost: GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO \'standby001\'@\'localhost\' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD \'*6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9\' *************************** 2. row *************************** Grants for standby001@localhost: GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `No_wiki`.* TO \'standby001\'@\'localhost\' 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:58:06>
查看某个用户的授权情况
root@localhost 10:48:54> show grants for \'standby\'@\'localhost\'; +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for standby@localhost | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO \'standby\'@\'localhost\' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD \'*68400CF212112D85B99EB397ADCB27748218BFAE\' | | GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `iQiYi`.* TO \'standby\'@\'localhost\' | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:49:10> show grants for \'standby\'@\'localhost\'\\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Grants for standby@localhost: GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO \'standby\'@\'localhost\' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD \'*68400CF212112D85B99EB397ADCB27748218BFAE\' *************************** 2. row *************************** Grants for standby@localhost: GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `iQiYi`.* TO \'standby\'@\'localhost\' 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 10:49:14>
授权局域网内主机远程连接数据库
root@localhost 11:07:07> grant all privileges on wiki.* to \'remote_test\'@\'10.0.0.%\' identified by \'123456\'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) root@localhost 11:08:40> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) root@localhost 11:08:46> select user,host,password from mysql.user; +-------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +-------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | root | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | wiki | localhost | *A5DB2D927D6DF94DA5E1CE4B293AEAAB4D8304EA | | standby | localhost | *68400CF212112D85B99EB397ADCB27748218BFAE | | standby001 | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | remote_test | 10.0.0.% | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | +-------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 11:08:48> root@localhost 11:08:48> grant all privileges on wiki.* to \'remote_test001\'@\'10.0.0.0/24\' identified by \'123456\'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) root@localhost 11:10:39> grant all privileges on wiki.* to \'remote_test002\'@\'10.0.0.0/255.255.255.0\' identified by \'123456\'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) root@localhost 11:11:19> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) root@localhost 11:11:20> select user,host,password from mysql.user; +----------------+------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +----------------+------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | root | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | wiki | localhost | *A5DB2D927D6DF94DA5E1CE4B293AEAAB4D8304EA | | standby | localhost | *68400CF212112D85B99EB397ADCB27748218BFAE | | standby001 | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | remote_test | 10.0.0.% | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | remote_test001 | 10.0.0.0/24 | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | remote_test002 | 10.0.0.0/255.255.255.0 | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | +----------------+------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 11:11:49>
grant all privileges on wiki.* to \'remote_test\'@\'10.0.0.%\' identified by \'123456\';可用grant all privileges on wiki.* to \'remote_test002\'@\'10.0.0.0/255.255.255.0\' identified by \'123456\';可用grant all privileges on wiki.* to \'remote_test001\'@\'10.0.0.0/24\' identified by \'123456\';不可用
远端连接的命令：
mysql -u remote_test -h 10.0.0.9 -p123456
-P 指定端口
INVOKE收回某个授权/反向查看ALL PRIVILEGES都有哪些具体权限
root@localhost 11:24:12> show grants for \'standby\'@\'localhost\'; +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for standby@localhost | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO \'standby\'@\'localhost\' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD \'*68400CF212112D85B99EB397ADCB27748218BFAE\' | | GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `iQiYi`.* TO \'standby\'@\'localhost\' | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 11:24:16> REVOKE INSERT ON `iQiYi`.* FROM \'standby\'@\'localhost\'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) root@localhost 11:28:27> show grants for \'standby\'@\'localhost\'; +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for standby@localhost | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO \'standby\'@\'localhost\' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD \'*68400CF212112D85B99EB397ADCB27748218BFAE\' | | GRANT SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, REFERENCES, INDEX, ALTER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, LOCK TABLES, EXECUTE, CREATE VIEW, SHOW VIEW, CREATE ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE, EVENT, TRIGGER ON `iQiYi`.* TO \'standby\'@\'localhost\' | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 11:28:29> root@localhost 11:31:50> GRANT INSERT ON `iQiYi`.* to \'standby\'@\'localhost\'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) root@localhost 11:32:08> show grants for \'standby\'@\'localhost\'; +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for standby@localhost | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO \'standby\'@\'localhost\' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD \'*68400CF212112D85B99EB397ADCB27748218BFAE\' | | GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `iQiYi`.* TO \'standby\'@\'localhost\' | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) root@localhost 11:32:10>
mysqldump专业备份命令
2018-06-01 补充
mysql> desc app01_identity; +-----------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-----------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+ | app_id | varchar(20) | NO | PRI | NULL | | | active | int(11) | NO | | NULL | | | last_time | timestamp | YES | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | | | capbility | int(11) | YES | | 0 | | +-----------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> # 使用 ALTER 修改时间字段自动更新为当前时间，即记录这条数据最后更新的时间 mysql> ALTER TABLE app01_identity change last_time last_time timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT \'最后更新时间\'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> mysql> desc app01_identity; +-----------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-----------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+ | app_id | varchar(20) | NO | PRI | NULL | | | active | int(11) | NO | | NULL | | | last_time | timestamp | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | | capbility | int(11) | YES | | 0 | | +-----------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from app01_identity; +------------------+--------+---------------------+-----------+ | app_id | active | last_time | capbility | +------------------+--------+---------------------+-----------+ | F9E86B425CC0CD4D | 1 | 2018-05-22 12:18:21 | 1 | +------------------+--------+---------------------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) # 执行更新操作： queryset_obj.update(active=2, capbility=0) # 注意：update操作只有QuerySet对象才能使用，单个的obj对象是不能用的 # 即：先filter，查询出QuerySet，然后再执行QuerySet.update(...) mysql> mysql> select * from app01_identity; +------------------+--------+---------------------+-----------+ | app_id | active | last_time | capbility | +------------------+--------+---------------------+-----------+ | F9E86B425CC0CD4D | 2 | 2018-06-01 14:33:02 | 0 | +------------------+--------+---------------------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
查看注释和建表语句
mysql> show full columns from app01_identity; +-----------+-------------+-----------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+--------------------+ | Field | Type | Collation | Null | Key | Default | Extra | Privileges | Comment | +-----------+-------------+-----------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+--------------------+ | app_id | varchar(20) | utf8_general_ci | NO | PRI | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | | | active | int(11) | NULL | NO | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | | | last_time | timestamp | NULL | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | select,insert,update,references | 最后更新时间 | | capbility | int(11) | NULL | YES | | 0 | | select,insert,update,references | | +-----------+-------------+-----------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------------+--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> show create table app01_identity; +----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Table | Create Table | +----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | app01_identity | CREATE TABLE `app01_identity` ( `app_id` varchar(20) NOT NULL, `active` int(11) NOT NULL, `last_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT \'最后更新时间\', `capbility` int(11) DEFAULT \'0\', PRIMARY KEY (`app_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 | +----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
MySQL里 in 的使用
select * from table where uname in(select uname from user); select * from table where uname in(\'aaa\',\'bbb\',\'ccc\',\'ddd\',\'eee\',\'ffff\');
MySQL结合子查询进行批量删除
mysql> delete from identity
-> where app_id in(
-> select tb.app_id from
-> ( select app_id from identity where app_id like \'%\\_%\' and charge=1 and active=1)tb
-> );
Query OK, 17 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> delete from identity where app_id in( select tb.app_id from ( select app_id from identity where app_id like \'%\\_%\' and charge=1 and active=1)tb ); Query OK, 322 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql>
SQL命令查看MySQL数据库大小
# 存放了其他的数据库的信息 use information_schema; # 查看所有数据的大小 select concat(round(sum(data_length/1024/1024),2),\'MB\') as data from tables; # 查看指定数据库(school)的大小 select concat(round(sum(data_length/1024/1024),2),\'MB\') as data from tables where table_schema=\'school\'; # 查看指定数据库(school)指定表(student)的大小 select concat(round(sum(data_length/1024/1024),2),\'MB\') as data from tables where table_schema=\'school\' and table_name=\'student\'; # 获取指定表的行数 SELECT COUNT(*) FROM student;
以上是关于记录MySQL的一些基础操作的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章