MS SQL 监控磁盘空间告警
Posted 张英爱
tags:
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这几天突然有个想法：希望能够自动监控、收集数据库服务器的磁盘容量信息，当达到一个阀值后，自动发送告警邮件给DBA，将数据库磁盘详细信息告知DBA，提醒DBA做好存储规划计划，初步的想法是通过作业调用存储过程来实现（每天调用一次），这样避免了我每天每台数据库服务器都上去检查一下，尤其是手头的数据库服务器N多的情况，这样可以避免我每天浪费无谓的时间。如果大家有更好的建议和方法，欢迎指点一二，我整理、修改了三个存储过程如下：
存储过程1：SP_DiskCapacityAlert1.prc
说明：需要通过调用OLE 自动存储过程获取磁盘信息，而这些组件，基于服务器的安全配置，通常是禁用的，我们在存储过程通过sp_configure开启这个服务，调用服务完毕后，又通过sp_configure禁用该服务。另外，数据库服务器都位于内网，因此安全问题应该不大。
USE master;
GO
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N‘sp_diskcapacity_alert1‘) AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, ‘IsProcedure‘) =1)
DROP PROCEDURE sp_diskcapacity_alert1;
GO
--==================================================================================================================
-- ProcedureName : sp_diskcapacity_alert1
-- Author : Kerry
-- CreateDate : 2013-05-02
-- Description : 获取数据库所在服务器的磁盘容量，当达到阀值是，发送告警邮件，提醒DBA做好存储规划计划
/******************************************************************************************************************
Modified Date Modified User Version Modified Reason
2013-05-6 Kerry V01.00.00 修改html输出样式.以及磁盘容量输出改为GB
*******************************************************************************************************************/
--==================================================================================================================
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_diskcapacity_alert1]
(
@Threshold NUMERIC
)
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @Result INT;
DECLARE @objectInfo INT;
DECLARE @DriveInfo CHAR(1);
DECLARE @TotalSize VARCHAR(20);
DECLARE @OutDrive INT;
DECLARE @UnitMB BIGINT;
DECLARE @HtmlContent NVARCHAR(MAX) ;
DECLARE @FreeRat NUMERIC;
DECLARE @EmailHead VARCHAR(120);
SET @UnitMB = 1048576;
--创建临时表保存服务器磁盘容量信息
CREATE TABLE #DiskCapacity
(
[DiskCD] CHAR(1) ,
FreeSize INT ,
TotalSize INT
);
INSERT #DiskCapacity
([DiskCD], FreeSize )
EXEC master.dbo.xp_fixeddrives;
EXEC sp_configure ‘show advanced options‘, 1
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;
EXEC sp_configure ‘Ole Automation Procedures‘, 1;
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;
EXEC @Result = master.sys.sp_OACreate ‘Scripting.FileSystemObject‘,@objectInfo OUT;
DECLARE CR_DiskInfo CURSOR LOCAL FAST_FORWARD
FOR SELECT DiskCD FROM #DiskCapacity
ORDER by DiskCD
OPEN CR_DiskInfo;
FETCH NEXT FROM CR_DiskInfo INTO @DriveInfo
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
EXEC @Result = sp_OAMethod @objectInfo,‘GetDrive‘, @OutDrive OUT, @DriveInfo
EXEC @Result = sp_OAGetProperty @OutDrive,‘TotalSize‘, @TotalSize OUT
UPDATE #DiskCapacity
SET [email protected]/@UnitMB
WHERE [email protected]
FETCH NEXT FROM CR_DiskInfo INTO @DriveInfo
END
CLOSE CR_DiskInfo
DEALLOCATE CR_DiskInfo;
EXEC @Result=sp_OADestroy @objectInfo
EXEC sp_configure ‘show advanced options‘, 1
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;
EXEC sp_configure ‘Ole Automation Procedures‘, 0;
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;
EXEC sp_configure ‘show advanced options‘, 0
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;
SELECT @FreeRat =FreeRate
FROM (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY FreeSize / ( TotalSize * 1.0 ) ASC) AS RowIndex,
CAST(( FreeSize / ( TotalSize * 1.0 ) ) * 100.0 AS INT) AS FreeRate
FROM #DiskCapacity
) T
WHERE RowIndex = 1;
IF @FreeRat <= @Threshold
BEGIN
IF @FreeRat > 10 AND @FreeRat <=20
SET @EmailHead =‘数据库磁盘容量告警(告警级别3)‘
ELSE IF @FreeRat >=5 AND @FreeRat <=10
SET @EmailHead =‘数据库磁盘容量告警(告警级别4)‘
ELSE
SET @EmailHead =‘数据库磁盘容量告警(告警级别5)‘
SET @HtmlContent =
+ N‘<html>‘
+ N‘<style type="text/css">‘
+ N‘ td {border:solid #9ec9ec; border-width:0px 1px 1px 0px; padding:4px 0px;}‘
+ N‘ table {border:1px solid #9ec9ec; width:100%;border-width:1px 0px 0px 1px;text-align:center;font-size:12px}‘
+ N‘</style>‘
+ N‘<H1 style="color:#FF0000; text-align:center;font-size:14px">‘ + @EmailHead +‘</H1>‘
+ N‘<table >‘
+ N‘<tr><th>磁盘盘符</th><th>总大小(GB)</th><th>已用空间(GB)</th><th>剩余空间(GB)</th>‘
+ N‘<th>已用比例(%)</th><th>剩余比例(%)</th></tr >‘ +
CAST ( ( SELECT
td = DiskCD , ‘‘,
td = STR(TotalSize*1.0/1024,6,2) , ‘‘,
td = STR((TotalSize - FreeSize)*1.0/1024,6,2) , ‘‘,
td = STR(FreeSize*1.0/1024,6,2) , ‘‘,
td = STR(( TotalSize - FreeSize)*1.0/(TotalSize)* 100.0,6,2), ‘‘,
td = STR(( FreeSize * 1.0/ ( TotalSize ) ) * 100.0,6,2) , ‘‘
FROM #DiskCapacity
FOR XML PATH(‘tr‘), TYPE ) AS NVARCHAR(MAX) ) + N‘</table></html>‘ ;
EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail
@profile_name = ‘DataBase_DDL_Event‘, --指定你自己的profile_name
@recipients=‘****@163.com‘, --指定你要发送到的邮箱
@subject = ‘服务器磁盘空间告警‘,
@body = @HtmlContent,
@body_format = ‘HTML‘ ;
END
DROP TABLE #DiskCapacity;
RETURN;
GO
存储过程2：SP_DiskCapacityAlert2.prc
说明：需要启用xp_cmdshell来获取磁盘信息，关于xp_cmdshell安全隐患，一般该功能都是禁用的。
USE [master]
GO
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
IF OBJECT_ID(N‘dbo.sp_diskcapacity_alert2‘) IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE dbo.sp_diskcapacity_alert2;
GO
--==================================================================================================================
-- ProcedureName : sp_diskcapacity_alert2
-- Author : Kerry
-- CreateDate : 2013-05-02
-- Description : 获取数据库所在服务器的磁盘容量，当达到阀值时，发送告警邮件，提醒DBA做好存储规划计划
/******************************************************************************************************************
Modified Date Modified User Version Modified Reason
2013-05-6 Kerry V01.00.00 修改HTML输出样式.以及磁盘容量输出改为GB
*******************************************************************************************************************/
--==================================================================================================================
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_diskcapacity_alert2]
(
@Threshold NUMERIC
)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @HtmlContent NVARCHAR(MAX) ;
DECLARE @FreeRat NUMERIC;
DECLARE @EmailHead VARCHAR(200);
--创建临时表保存服务器磁盘容量信息
CREATE TABLE #DiskCapacity
(
DiskCD CHAR(4) ,
FreeSize INT ,
TotalSize BIGINT
);
INSERT INTO #DiskCapacity
( DiskCD, FreeSize )
EXEC master..xp_fixeddrives;
EXEC sp_configure ‘show advanced options‘, 1
RECONFIGURE
EXEC sp_configure ‘xp_cmdshell‘, 1
RECONFIGURE
EXEC sp_configure ‘show advanced options‘, 0
RECONFIGURE
CREATE TABLE #DriveInfo1(ID INT IDENTITY(1,1),DiskCD VARCHAR(12));
INSERT INTO #DriveInfo1(DiskCD)
EXEC xp_cmdshell ‘wmic LOGICALDISK get name‘;
CREATE TABLE #DriveInfo2(ID INT IDENTITY(1,1), TotalSize VARCHAR(22));
INSERT INTO #DriveInfo2
( TotalSize )
EXEC xp_cmdshell ‘wmic LOGICALDISK get size‘;
DELETE FROM #DriveInfo1 WHERE ID=1;
DELETE FROM #DriveInfo2 WHERE ID=1;
UPDATE #DriveInfo1 SET DiskCD = REPLACE(DiskCD,‘:‘,‘‘);
SELECT * FROM #DiskCapacity
UPDATE #DiskCapacity SET TotalSize =(SELECT CAST(LEFT(N.TotalSize, LEN(N.TotalSize)-1) AS BIGINT)/1024/1024 FROM #DriveInfo1 M INNER JOIN #DriveInfo2 N ON M.ID = N.ID
WHERE M.DiskCD IS NOT NULL AND LEN(M.DiskCD) >1 AND #DiskCapacity.DiskCD = LEFT(M.DiskCD, LEN(M.DiskCD)-1))
SELECT * FROM #DiskCapacity
EXEC sp_configure ‘show advanced options‘, 1
RECONFIGURE
EXEC sp_configure ‘xp_cmdshell‘, 0
RECONFIGURE
EXEC sp_configure ‘show advanced options‘, 0
RECONFIGURE
SELECT @FreeRat =FreeRate
FROM (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY FreeSize / ( TotalSize * 1.0 ) ASC) AS RowIndex,
CAST(( FreeSize / ( TotalSize * 1.0 ) ) * 100.0 AS INT) AS FreeRate
FROM #DiskCapacity
) T
WHERE RowIndex = 1;
IF @FreeRat <= @Threshold
BEGIN
IF @FreeRat > 10 AND @FreeRat <=20
SET @EmailHead =‘数据库磁盘容量告警(告警级别3)‘
ELSE IF @FreeRat >=5 AND @FreeRat <=10
SET @EmailHead =‘数据库磁盘容量告警(告警级别4)‘
ELSE
SET @EmailHead =‘数据库磁盘容量告警(告警级别5)‘
SET @HtmlContent =
+ N‘<html>‘
+ N‘<style type="text/css">‘
+ N‘ td {border:solid #9ec9ec; border-width:0px 1px 1px 0px; padding:4px 0px;}‘
+ N‘ table {border:1px solid #9ec9ec; width:100%;border-width:1px 0px 0px 1px;text-align:center;font-size:12px}‘
+ N‘</style>‘
+ N‘<H1 style="color:#FF0000; text-align:center;font-size:14px">‘ + @EmailHead +‘</H1>‘
+ N‘<table >‘
+ N‘<tr><th>磁盘盘符</th><th>总大小(GB)</th><th>已用空间(GB)</th><th>剩余空间(GB)</th>‘
+ N‘<th>已用比例(%)</th><th>剩余比例(%)</th></tr >‘ +
CAST ( ( SELECT
td = DiskCD , ‘‘,
td = STR(TotalSize*1.0/1024,6,2) , ‘‘,
td = STR((TotalSize - FreeSize)*1.0/1024,6,2) , ‘‘,
td = STR(FreeSize*1.0/1024,6,2) , ‘‘,
td = STR(( TotalSize - FreeSize)*1.0/(TotalSize)* 100.0,6,2), ‘‘,
td = STR(( FreeSize * 1.0/ ( TotalSize ) ) * 100.0,6,2) , ‘‘
FROM #DiskCapacity
FOR XML PATH(‘tr‘), TYPE ) AS NVARCHAR(MAX) ) + N‘</table></html>‘ ;
EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail
@profile_name = ‘DataBase_DDL_Event‘, --指定你自己的profile_name
@recipients=‘[email protected]***.com‘, --指定你要发送到的邮箱
@subject = ‘服务器磁盘空间告警‘,
@body = @HtmlContent,
@body_format = ‘HTML‘ ;
END
END
GO
存储过程3：SP_DiskCapacityAlert2.prc
说明：这个存储过程不用上面两个有安全隐患的存储过程，但是获取不到磁盘的总体信息，就不能通过一个阀值来告警，只能设置当磁盘剩余多少空间时，产生告警邮件。
USE [master]
GO
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
IF OBJECT_ID(N‘dbo.sp_diskcapacity_alert3‘) IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE dbo.sp_diskcapacity_alert3;
GO
--==================================================================================================================
-- ProcedureName : sp_diskcapacity_alert3
-- Author : Kerry
-- CreateDate : 2013-05-02
-- Description : 获取数据库所在服务器的磁盘容量，当某个磁盘剩余容量低于某个值时，发送告警邮件，
-- 提醒DBA做好存储规划计划
/******************************************************************************************************************
Modified Date Modified User Version Modified Reason
2013-05-6 Kerry V01.00.00 修改HTML输出样式.以及磁盘容量输出改为GB
*******************************************************************************************************************/
--==================================================================================================================
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_diskcapacity_alert3]
(
@DiskCapacity FLOAT
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @FreeSize INT;
DECLARE @EmailHead VARCHAR(200);
DECLARE @HtmlContent NVARCHAR(MAX) ;
--创建临时表保存服务器磁盘容量信息
CREATE TABLE #DiskCapacity
(
DiskCD CHAR(4) ,
FreeSize INT
);
INSERT INTO #DiskCapacity
( DiskCD, FreeSize )
EXEC master..xp_fixeddrives;
SELECT @FreeSize = FreeSize*1.0/1024
FROM ( SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY FreeSize ASC ) AS RowIndex ,
FreeSize AS FreeSize
FROM #DiskCapacity
) T
WHERE RowIndex = 1 ;
SELECT FreeSize*1.0/1024 FROM #DiskCapacity;
IF @FreeSize <= @DiskCapacity
BEGIN
IF @FreeSize > 1
AND @FreeSize <= 2
SET @EmailHead = ‘数据库磁盘容量告警(告警级别3)‘
ELSE
IF @FreeSize >= 0.5
AND @FreeSize <= 1
SET @EmailHead = ‘数据库磁盘容量告警(告警级别4)‘
ELSE
SET @EmailHead = ‘数据库磁盘容量告警(告警级别5)‘
SET @HtmlContent = +N‘<html>‘ + N‘<style type="text/css">‘
+ N‘ td {border:solid #9ec9ec; border-width:0px 1px 1px 0px; padding:4px 0px;}‘
+ N‘ table {border:1px solid #9ec9ec; width:100%;border-width:1px 0px 0px 1px;text-align:center;font-size:12px}‘
+ N‘</style>‘
+ N‘<H1 style="color:#FF0000; text-align:center;font-size:14px">‘
+ @EmailHead + ‘</H1>‘ + N‘<table >‘
+ N‘<tr><th>磁盘盘符</th><th>剩余空间(GB)</th>‘ + N‘</tr >‘
+ CAST(( SELECT td = DiskCD ,
‘‘ ,
td = STR(FreeSize * 1.0 / 1024, 6, 2) ,
‘‘
FROM #DiskCapacity
FOR
XML PATH(‘tr‘) ,
TYPE
) AS NVARCHAR(MAX)) + N‘</table></html>‘ ;
EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail
@profile_name = ‘DataBase_DDL_Event‘, --指定你自己的profile_name
@recipients=‘[email protected]***.com‘, --指定你要发送到的邮箱
@subject = ‘服务器磁盘空间告警‘,
@body = @HtmlContent,
@body_format = ‘HTML‘ ;
END
END
GO
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