MongoDB误删表恢复

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一、场景描述

    公司某工程师执行db.giveget_card.drop(),误将线上表删除。

    幸好每天都有做备份,这个时候就体现了备份的重要性了,哈哈哈。。。



二、模拟故障过程:

    备份数据大小:

rs_test01:PRIMARY> use ycsb
switched to db ycsb
rs_test01:PRIMARY> db.giveget_card.count();
3173391

    删除之前,此表有更新。

rs_test01:PRIMARY> db.giveget_card.insert({id:1});
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
rs_test01:PRIMARY> db.giveget_card.insert({id:2});
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
rs_test01:PRIMARY> db.giveget_card.insert({id:3});
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
rs_test01:PRIMARY> db.giveget_card.insert({id:4});
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })

    其他表也有更新操作。

rs_test01:PRIMARY> db.tab.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354ba202d9a99ab2f879c6"), "name" : "a" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354ba602d9a99ab2f879c7"), "name" : "b" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354ba802d9a99ab2f879c8"), "name" : "c" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354baa02d9a99ab2f879c9"), "name" : "d" }

    删除操作之后,此表和其他表都有更新。

rs_test01:PRIMARY> db.giveget_card.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354c28d905432aeaccd53c"), "id" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354c2bd905432aeaccd53d"), "id" : 6 }
rs_test01:PRIMARY> db.tab.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354ba202d9a99ab2f879c6"), "name" : "a" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354ba602d9a99ab2f879c7"), "name" : "b" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354ba802d9a99ab2f879c8"), "name" : "c" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354baa02d9a99ab2f879c9"), "name" : "d" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354ccfd905432aeaccd542"), "name" : "e" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354cd2d905432aeaccd543"), "name" : "f" }



三、恢复步骤

    1、将备份中tab表的giveget_card.bson及giveget_card.metadata.json文件拷贝到/tmp/restore/ycsb目录(自建目录),ycsb 为库名。

# cp /data/backup/rs07/ycsb/giveget_card.* /tmp/restore/ycsb


    2、将备份时间之后,误删操作之前的oplog导出,用于恢复表

# mongodump --port 2203 -d local -c oplog.rs -q ‘{"ts" : {$gte : Timestamp(1496664480, 10430), $lte : Timestamp(1496665113, 10430)}}‘ -o /tmp/oplog

    --时间戳 是使用转换工具转换之后的结果。


    3、使用bsondump查看oplog日志,找到drop操作的时间戳1496665069

# bsondump /tmp/oplog/local/oplog.rs.bson 
{"ts":{"$timestamp":{"t":1496664760,"i":1}},"t":{"$numberLong":"12"},"h":{"$numberLong":"7079172056815894727"},"v":2,"op":"i","ns":"ycsb.giveget_card","o":{"_id":{"$oid":"59354ab8c5308d8c7a9da8b5"},"id":1.0}}
{"ts":{"$timestamp":{"t":1496664762,"i":1}},"t":{"$numberLong":"12"},"h":{"$numberLong":"-1797107728294067016"},"v":2,"op":"i","ns":"ycsb.giveget_card","o":{"_id":{"$oid":"59354abac5308d8c7a9da8b6"},"id":2.0}}
{"ts":{"$timestamp":{"t":1496664765,"i":1}},"t":{"$numberLong":"12"},"h":{"$numberLong":"8604646791509150392"},"v":2,"op":"i","ns":"ycsb.giveget_card","o":{"_id":{"$oid":"59354abdc5308d8c7a9da8b7"},"id":3.0}}
{"ts":{"$timestamp":{"t":1496664768,"i":1}},"t":{"$numberLong":"12"},"h":{"$numberLong":"9018614066505371436"},"v":2,"op":"i","ns":"ycsb.giveget_card","o":{"_id":{"$oid":"59354ac0c5308d8c7a9da8b8"},"id":4.0}}
{"ts":{"$timestamp":{"t":1496664994,"i":1}},"t":{"$numberLong":"12"},"h":{"$numberLong":"-4471524661347063602"},"v":2,"op":"c","ns":"ycsb.$cmd","o":{"create":"tab"}}
{"ts":{"$timestamp":{"t":1496664994,"i":2}},"t":{"$numberLong":"12"},"h":{"$numberLong":"-4215905958456607246"},"v":2,"op":"i","ns":"ycsb.tab","o":{"_id":{"$oid":"59354ba202d9a99ab2f879c6"},"name":"a"}}
{"ts":{"$timestamp":{"t":1496664998,"i":1}},"t":{"$numberLong":"12"},"h":{"$numberLong":"6170506962401844481"},"v":2,"op":"i","ns":"ycsb.tab","o":{"_id":{"$oid":"59354ba602d9a99ab2f879c7"},"name":"b"}}
{"ts":{"$timestamp":{"t":1496665000,"i":1}},"t":{"$numberLong":"12"},"h":{"$numberLong":"-8071456063660489895"},"v":2,"op":"i","ns":"ycsb.tab","o":{"_id":{"$oid":"59354ba802d9a99ab2f879c8"},"name":"c"}}
{"ts":{"$timestamp":{"t":1496665002,"i":1}},"t":{"$numberLong":"12"},"h":{"$numberLong":"4387884836668659146"},"v":2,"op":"i","ns":"ycsb.tab","o":{"_id":{"$oid":"59354baa02d9a99ab2f879c9"},"name":"d"}}
{"ts":{"$timestamp":{"t":1496665069,"i":1}},"t":{"$numberLong":"12"},"h":{"$numberLong":"-6913449254950935781"},"v":2,"op":"c","ns":"ycsb.$cmd","o":{"drop":"giveget_card"}}
2017-06-05T20:27:25.552+0800	10 objects found


    4、将oplog的bson文件拷贝到相应目录下

# cp /tmp/oplog/local/oplog.rs.bson /tmp/restore/oplog.bson

    此时恢复的目录结构:

# pwd
/tmp/restore
# ls
oplog.bson  ycsb

    

    5、至此,所有的准备操作已经做完,恢复数据。

[[email protected] restore]# mongorestore --port 2203 --oplogReplay --oplogLimit=1496665069:1 /tmp/restore
2017-06-05T20:36:45.361+0800	building a list of dbs and collections to restore from /tmp/restore dir
2017-06-05T20:36:45.364+0800	reading metadata for ycsb.giveget_card from /tmp/restore/ycsb/giveget_card.metadata.json
2017-06-05T20:36:45.364+0800	restoring ycsb.giveget_card from /tmp/restore/ycsb/giveget_card.bson
2017-06-05T20:36:48.362+0800	[........................]  ycsb.giveget_card  15.4MB/475MB  (3.2%)
2017-06-05T20:36:51.362+0800	[#.......................]  ycsb.giveget_card  31.1MB/475MB  (6.6%)
2017-06-05T20:36:54.362+0800	[##......................]  ycsb.giveget_card  46.6MB/475MB  (9.8%)
2017-06-05T20:36:57.362+0800	[###.....................]  ycsb.giveget_card  62.1MB/475MB  (13.1%)
2017-06-05T20:37:00.362+0800	[###.....................]  ycsb.giveget_card  76.4MB/475MB  (16.1%)
2017-06-05T20:37:03.362+0800	[####....................]  ycsb.giveget_card  90.7MB/475MB  (19.1%)
2017-06-05T20:37:06.362+0800	[#####...................]  ycsb.giveget_card  105MB/475MB  (22.0%)
2017-06-05T20:37:09.362+0800	[######..................]  ycsb.giveget_card  120MB/475MB  (25.2%)
2017-06-05T20:37:12.362+0800	[######..................]  ycsb.giveget_card  133MB/475MB  (28.0%)
2017-06-05T20:37:15.362+0800	[#######.................]  ycsb.giveget_card  146MB/475MB  (30.8%)
2017-06-05T20:37:18.363+0800	[########................]  ycsb.giveget_card  163MB/475MB  (34.3%)
2017-06-05T20:37:21.362+0800	[########................]  ycsb.giveget_card  178MB/475MB  (37.4%)
2017-06-05T20:37:24.362+0800	[#########...............]  ycsb.giveget_card  196MB/475MB  (41.3%)
2017-06-05T20:37:27.362+0800	[##########..............]  ycsb.giveget_card  214MB/475MB  (45.0%)
2017-06-05T20:37:30.362+0800	[###########.............]  ycsb.giveget_card  231MB/475MB  (48.6%)
2017-06-05T20:37:33.362+0800	[############............]  ycsb.giveget_card  245MB/475MB  (51.5%)
2017-06-05T20:37:36.362+0800	[#############...........]  ycsb.giveget_card  261MB/475MB  (54.8%)
2017-06-05T20:37:39.362+0800	[##############..........]  ycsb.giveget_card  279MB/475MB  (58.7%)
2017-06-05T20:37:42.362+0800	[###############.........]  ycsb.giveget_card  297MB/475MB  (62.5%)
2017-06-05T20:37:45.362+0800	[###############.........]  ycsb.giveget_card  312MB/475MB  (65.8%)
2017-06-05T20:37:48.362+0800	[################........]  ycsb.giveget_card  328MB/475MB  (69.0%)
2017-06-05T20:37:51.362+0800	[#################.......]  ycsb.giveget_card  341MB/475MB  (71.8%)
2017-06-05T20:37:54.362+0800	[#################.......]  ycsb.giveget_card  356MB/475MB  (74.9%)
2017-06-05T20:37:57.362+0800	[##################......]  ycsb.giveget_card  373MB/475MB  (78.5%)
2017-06-05T20:38:00.362+0800	[###################.....]  ycsb.giveget_card  388MB/475MB  (81.7%)
2017-06-05T20:38:03.362+0800	[####################....]  ycsb.giveget_card  405MB/475MB  (85.2%)
2017-06-05T20:38:06.362+0800	[#####################...]  ycsb.giveget_card  419MB/475MB  (88.2%)
2017-06-05T20:38:09.362+0800	[#####################...]  ycsb.giveget_card  434MB/475MB  (91.4%)
2017-06-05T20:38:12.362+0800	[######################..]  ycsb.giveget_card  442MB/475MB  (93.1%)
2017-06-05T20:38:15.362+0800	[#######################.]  ycsb.giveget_card  459MB/475MB  (96.6%)
2017-06-05T20:38:18.362+0800	[#######################.]  ycsb.giveget_card  475MB/475MB  (99.9%)
2017-06-05T20:38:18.427+0800	[########################]  ycsb.giveget_card  475MB/475MB  (100.0%)
2017-06-05T20:38:18.427+0800	restoring indexes for collection ycsb.giveget_card from metadata
2017-06-05T20:38:44.680+0800	finished restoring ycsb.giveget_card (3173391 documents)
2017-06-05T20:38:44.680+0800	replaying oplog
2017-06-05T20:38:44.739+0800	done


    6、查看恢复的结果

rs_test01:PRIMARY> db.giveget_card.find({id : {$gte : 1 }});
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354cb9d905432aeaccd540"), "id" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354cc0d905432aeaccd541"), "id" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354ab8c5308d8c7a9da8b5"), "id" : 1 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354abac5308d8c7a9da8b6"), "id" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354abdc5308d8c7a9da8b7"), "id" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354ac0c5308d8c7a9da8b8"), "id" : 4 }

    数据内容相同,但存储顺序与之前数据的存储顺序不同了。

rs_test01:PRIMARY> db.giveget_card.count();
3173397

    结果count=备份表数据3173391+之后的更新数据6 。

    

    7、因为dump出来的oplog也包含了其他表的操作。查看恢复过程中有没有对其他表产生影响。

rs_test01:PRIMARY> db.tab.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354ba202d9a99ab2f879c6"), "name" : "a" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354ba602d9a99ab2f879c7"), "name" : "b" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354ba802d9a99ab2f879c8"), "name" : "c" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354baa02d9a99ab2f879c9"), "name" : "d" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354ccfd905432aeaccd542"), "name" : "e" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59354cd2d905432aeaccd543"), "name" : "f" }

    --查看tab表的数据跟原表数据相同,没有什么影响,说明其他表的日志在空跑。


    以上就是备份结合oplog的恢复操作。

    备份很重要!!! 备份很重要!!! 备份很重要!!!

    重要的事情讲三遍~~~


本文出自 “11570138” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://11580138.blog.51cto.com/11570138/1932502

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